Yintoni uMbango weNkosi?

Indlela yokufumana nokuhlalutya ityala likaRhulumente

Ityala leMongameli liyimali okanye ityala ehlawulwa nguRhulumente kubathengi bayo. Ezi mboleko ziquka ukugcina izibambiso , iibhondi okanye iibhilidi ezinemihla yokukhula ukusuka ekungaphantsi konyaka ukuya kwiminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi. Kodwa eli thuba lingasetyenziselwa ukuchaza izibophelelo zexesha elizayo njengeempesheni, iinkqubo zokufaneleka, kunye nezinye iimpahla kunye neenkonzo ezithengiweyo kodwa zingakhange zihlawulwe.

Ukukhathazeka malunga netyala elibukhali liye lakhula ukusuka kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

Ngelo xesha, amazwe amaninzi aye eetyala lokuxhasa ngemfazwe okanye ngokwasemandleni okwakhiwa kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, i-modernnesian economics yanamhlanje isekela inqanaba eliphakamileyo letyala likawonkewonke ukuhlawula utyalo-mali oluntu ngexesha elibuhlungu phantsi kwexesha lokuba inokuhlawulwa ngokukhula okulandelayo.

Ukulinganisa amatyala

Ityala leMongeni linokulinganiswa ngokusebenzisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamatriki. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi methrikhi zisetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba ityala elizimeleyo lelizwe liphakamileyo linikwe umkhiqizo wayo wekhaya (GDP) okanye ubuchule bokuhlawula abemi bayo. Kodwa le miba ifanele iqwalasele izinga lokukhula kweGDP, elingaba negalelo elikhulu kwixesha elizayo lokubuyisela ityala.

Amatriki amathathu athandwayo kakhulu:

• Iindleko zikawonkewonke -wonke -wonke ityala likawonkewonke lilonke inani lemali ehlawulwe. Kodwa ngaphandle komxholo, lo mfanekiso awunalo ulwazi kwaye ungakhohlisa. Ngenxa yoko, ezininzi iingcali zijonge kwi-Debt-to-GDP kunye neTyala ngeCapita njengamanyathelo aqhelekileyo.

• Amatyala njengepesenti ye- GDP - amatyala njengepesenti yomkhiqizo wekhaya ophela nje ityala likawonke-wonke lihlukaniswe yi-GDP. Amazwe anetyala elingaphezu kwe-GDP (okanye umlinganiselo we-100%) ngokuqhelekileyo acingelwa ukuba ahlawulwe ngaphezulu.
• Amatyala nge-Capita- amatyala ngamnye ngekota kuphela nje ityala eliqeshwe liqela labemi. I-matyala nganye yecala elingaphezulu kwemali engenayo nganye yanciphisa amathuba okuba urhulumente uya kukwazi ukuzenza ukungaphumeleli kwerhafu yendabuko.

Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokufumana amanqanaba amatyala karhulumente ngeBhanki yehlabathi, i-CIA World Factbook okanye iiwebhsayithi eziphambili zebhanki.

Izibalo zeMatyala kaMongameli

Amanqanaba amatyala kaMongameli sele ephakanyisiwe ukusuka kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ukusuka kwiingxaki zemali zaseRashiya ngo-1998 ukuya kwi-Argentina ngokungekho ngo-2001, ezi ziboleko ziye zabangela ukuphazamiseka kwemali. Kodwa yiziphi iindawo ezisengozini kakhulu kwaye ziphi amazwe aziwayo ezikhuselekileyo kubatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe? Ngezantsi manani amanani avela kwiCIA World Factbook usebenzisa idatha ye-2014.

Nazi iinkolelo zamatyala ezimeleyo kwamanye amazwe athandwayo:

• I-United States - 74.4% ye-GDP
• I-Canada - 94.8% ye-GDP
• EMexico - 42.1% we-GDP
• IJapan - 231.9% ye-GDP
• IJamani - 74.3% yeGDP

Amazwe amaninzi anetyala malunga ne-GDP yawo:

1. IJapan - 231.9% ye-GDP
2. Zimbabwe - 184.1% ye-GDP
3. IGrisi - 171.1% yeGDP
4. ILebhanon - 134.8% ye-GDP
5. IJamaica - 132.8% ye-GDP

Amazwe amancinci amancinci amahlanu anxulumene ne-GDP yawo:

1. Liberia - 0.5% ye-GDP
2. I-Saudi Arabia - 1.6% yeGDP
3. Oman - 4.9% weGDP
4. I-Wallis & Futuna - 5.6% ye-GDP
5. I-Kuwait - 6.5% ye-GDP

Izilinganiso zeMatyala kaMongameli

Ukulinganiswa kwetyala likaMongameli kunokunceda abanini-mali ukuba bafumane ingozi yemboleko ehambelana nelizwe elinikeziweyo ngokuqwalasela kuphela amanqanaba amatyala kodwa ingozi yezopolitiko, umngcipheko wokulawula kunye nezinye izinto.

Ezinye iifundo zibonise ukuba ezi ziphumo zingathintela iindleko zetyala ngokumalunga nama-25% ngotshi. Ezi zintathu zikarhulumente ezichongiweyo zeekhredithi zi-Standard & Poor's, IiNkonzo zoTyalo-mali ze-Moody, kunye nee-Ratings Ratings.

Iiwebhusayithi zokulinganisela amatyala eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• IiNkxaso zeMatyala kaMongameli weeMali
• Ukulinganiswa kweeNkcazo zeMatyala kaMongameli

Amazwe aphezulu aphakamileyo aphakamileyo aphakathi kuka-2015 aquka:

• Ostreliya
• Khanada
• Dominikha
• Jemani
• ehong Kong

Amazwe aphezulu angamahlanu aphakamileyo kunama-2015 afaka:

• iPuerto Rico
• Ajentina
• Grenada
• Grisi
• Yukreyini

Iingongoma ezibalulekileyo zokukhumbula

• Ukulinganiswa koMongameli kunika abatyali-mali ngemibono kwimigangatho yemboleko yeentlanga zonke, ezichaphazela imali yabo karhulumente kunye neenkampani.
• Amazwe aphezulu aphezulu afaka i-Australia kunye neKhanada, ngelixa amazwe aphakamileyo kakhulu aquka iPuerto Rico neArgentina.