Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga nesohlwayo sokuba ungenayo inshuwalense yezempilo
Imibuzo yokubuza:
- Ingaba ndinalo uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-inshurensi yezempilo? Ixesha elibalulekileyo lokukwazi ukuba luncinci lukhuseleko olubalulekileyo.
- Ingakanani inkokhelo yoxanduva lokwabelwana kunye nendlela ibalwa ngayo?
- Indlela yokuhlawula ukuhlawulwa komthwalo wemfanelo, kunye nento enokuyenza xa ungeke ukwazi ukuhlawula ngokupheleleyo?
Kuphi abantu abathile Ngaba ukuhlawulwa kweMfanelo yoKwabiwa kweNtlawulo kufaka isicelo?
Umntu olwabiwo uxanduva lokuhlawula umrhumo lusebenza kubo bonke abantu abemi okanye abahlali be-United States. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izinto eziphawulekayo. AmaMelika ahlala kwamanye amazwe okanye kwimimandla yaseMerika, umzekelo, abafunwa ukuba bafumane i-inshurensi yezempilo. Kukho ukungabikho kwezi-12 kwiintlawulo ezikwabelwana ngazo .
Inkokhelo yoxanduva lolwabelwano olusebenzayo lisebenza xa umntu, okanye nayiphi na umntu ebantwaneni bakhe abajongene noxanduva, akanalo uhlobo olufunekayo lwe-inshorensi yempilo ubuncinane ngosuku olunye kunyaka wonyaka, ngaphandle kokuba kungabikho nxaxheba. Isohlwayo sibalwa kwinyanga nganye umntu angenayo i-inshorensi yempilo.
Ibinzana elithi " ulwabiwo lwentsapho oluxanduva " lithetha bonke abantu abakhokhwa irhafu abafanelekile ukuba babone ukukhululwa komntu . Lo uya kuba ngumhlawuli werhafu kuye okanye yena, kunye nomlingane womhlawuli werhafu (ukuba utshatile kwaye bafakela ngokubambisana), kunye nabani na abaxhomekeke kumhlawuli-ntlawulo banelungelo lokumangalela phantsi komntwana ofanelekileyo okanye imithetho ehambelanayo.
Umntu unembopheleleko yokuhlawula intlawulo yemfanelo ekwabelwana ngokuxhomekeke kumntu oxhomekeke kuyo, nokuba ngaba umntu ukhetha ukungabanga umntu oxhomekeke kuye. Umntu unembopheleleko yokuhlawula umrhumo woxanduva lolwabiwo lomlingane ukuba bafakela ngokubambisana.
Uhlobo lwe-Intshurensi yezeMpilo: Umyinge oMgangatho obalulekileyo
Umntu uyafuneka ukuba abe ne-inshorensi yezempilo ebonelela ngeyona nkcazelo ebalulekileyo. Iindidi ezilandelayo ze-inshorensi yezempilo zibonelela ngeyona nkcazelo ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ukuba unenye yezinto ezilandelayo ze-inshorensi yezempilo, ngoko uhlawulo lwabiwo lwabiwo alusebenzi kuwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu akanalo lunye lolu hlobo lwe-inshorensi yezempilo, ke lowo mntu ufunwa ukuba akhokhe intlawulo yemfanelo ekwabelwana okanye ubonise ukuba okungafaniyo kuyasebenza.
- Inkqubo ye-inshorensi yempilo yabantwana (CHIP)
- COBRA
- ISebe lezoKhuseleko iNkqubo yeZibonelelo zezeMpilo zeFund
- I-inshorensi yezempilo yecandelo ngomqeshi wakho
- Ukubonelelwa kwezempilo kwanikezelwa kwiivolontiya ze-Peace Corps
- Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngoncedo lweSebe lezeMantshi
- Ininshurensi ethengwe ngabanye
- Ininshurensi ngokusebenzisa isicwangciso sempilo yabafundi kwikholejini okanye kwiyunivesithi
- Izicwangciso zeMedicaid (ngaphandle kwezicwangciso zokukhawulelana).
- Izicwangciso zeMida
- I-Medicare Icandelo A
- Uncedo lwezonyango lwabaPhepheli
- Ukukhutshwa komhlalaphantsi kumqeshi wakho wangaphambili
- I-inshorensi yempilo yomshuwalense ophezulu (i-2014 kuphela; silindele ukubona ukuba ezi nkqubo ziya kulungeleka u-2015 nangeminyaka kamva)
- ISICWANGCISO se-TRICARE (ngaphandle kwezicwangciso zokukhawulela).
Ezi zilandelayo zicwangciso ze-Medicaid kunye ne-TRICARE zivunyelwe njengento ngaphandle kwe-2014 kuphela. I-inshurensi enjalo ayiyi kuzuza njenge-minimum coverage ye-2015 okanye kwiminyaka kamva:
- Iinkonzo zocwangciso lwezesapho Uxilongo
- Iinkonzo ezinxulumene nesifo sofuba
- I-Medicaid enxulumene nokukhulelwa
- Iimeko zonyango ezingxamisekileyo Iinkonzo zoxilongo
- Umgangatho ogunyazisiweyo phantsi kwecandelo 1115 loMthetho woKhuseleko loLuntu
- Ukuxilongwa kweemfuno zezonyango
- I-TRICARE inkcazo yokunakekelwa kwendawo ekhoyo
- I-TRICARE yokunikwa kweenkonzo ezinonophelo-zentlalo-nkonzo
Ukuhlawulwa kweNtlawulo yoXanduva lokwaBelwa
Ngokwenkqubo, ukuhlawulwa komntu ngamnye olwabiwo kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
a. Bala inani elisebenzayo leedola ngalinye kumntu ngamnye kwindlu engenazo i-inshorensi yempilo kwinyanga. Bala inani elilinganayo leedola nganye ngenyanga nganye kumntu ngamnye, kwaye uyongeze. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-sum sum of dollar esebenzayo.
b. Yandisa inani elingu-dollar elisetyenziswayo kumntu omdala omnye ngamathathu.
c. Naluphi na inani elisezantsi (a okanye b), libizwa ngokuba lixabiso le dollar .
d. Bala inani lemali engenayo engenayo , elisekelwe kwipesenti yemali yengeniso.
e. Naliphi inani eliphakamileyo (c okanye d), lixabiso lemali yenyanga .
f. Khangela i- premium yelizwe eliqhelekileyo ye-bronze-level coverage. Ishati ingezantsi.
g. Naluphi na inani elisezantsi (e okanye f) luyintlawulo ekwabelwana ngayo yonyaka.
Ngoku ukuba siqonde inkqubo esebenzayo, masibambe indlela yokwenza ukubala nganye.
Iimali zeeDola
| Unyaka | Isixa-mali seDola | Inani leDola yeMali kubantu abaneminyaka engama-18 (isiqingatha semali yabantu abadala) |
| 2014 | $ 95 | $ 47.50 |
| 2015 | $ 325 | $ 162.50 |
| 2016 | $ 695 | $ 347.50 |
| Emva koko | ihlawulwe kwixabiso lentengo |
Umthombo: I- Internal Revenue Code section 5000A.
Ixabiso lemali elisebenzisayo liyasetyenziswa ukubala isamba se dollar. Ezi zixa-mali zonyaka, kwaye ziguqulwa zibe zixa-mali zenyanga ngokubala i-Amount Adalty Amounts (bona ngezantsi).
Sisebenzisa ezi xabiso ze dollar ngeendlela ezimbini. Okokuqala, ukubala isamba semali esetyenziswayo (inani elibhalwe apha kwiluhlu lwethu ngasentla). Senza oku ngokwongezelela ixabiso lemali ka-dollar ngamnye umntu ongenayo inshorensi yempilo. Ukuba umntu omdala akanalo i-inshorensi, sisebenzisa imali epheleleyo. Ukuba umntwana wayengenayo i-inshurensi, sisebenzisa imali yomntwana, esiqingatha somntu omdala.
Okwesibini, sandisa inani elingu-dollar elisetyenziswayo ngabathathu. (Inombolo b kwiluhlu lwethu apha ngasentla.) Lapha siyakuhoxisa inani elingaphantsi kwedoli elenzelwe abantwana. Sinyusa i $ 95 nge-3, eyi-$ 285 (ngo-2014).
Naliphi inani elingaphantsi ( a okanye b ) lixabiso le dollar elisezantsi (kubhalwe phantsi kwoluhlu lwethu ngasentla).
Isamba seDola yexabiso
Isamba se dollar esicacileyo sincinci kwezi zibini zilandelayo:
- Isixa semali esetyenziswayo kubo bonke abantu ababandakanyiweyo kwintsapho yoxanduva lomntu, okanye
- Izihlandlo ezintathu iirhafu ezifunekayo zonyaka ngomntu omdala.
Ngoku ukuba sinomxholo wokubaluleka kwamaxabiso edoli kunye nexabiso elingu-dollar, sibone indlela oku kusebenza ngayo kumzekelo.
Umzekelo. UHenry noJane batshadile abathathu: uK Katie (oneminyaka engama-21), uLuann (oneminyaka eli-15 ubudala) noMarcus (iminyaka eyi-10). Ngenxa yokuba uKarents, uLuann noMarcus baxhomekeke kuHenry noJane, bonke abantu abahlanu bayakha inxaxheba yentsapho eyodwa. Ukubala isamba sawo se dollar esilinganiselweyo, siqale sibale inani elisebenzayo leedola ngamnye kumntu ngamnye ojongene noxanduva lweentsapho, kwaye udibanise ukuze ufumane iphelele. Kukho abantu abathathu abaneminyaka eyi-18 okanye ngaphezulu (uHenry, Jane kunye noK Katie), kunye nabantu ababini abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-18 (uLuann noMarcus). Ngomhla wama-2014, iimali zabo ezichaphazelekayo ziya kuba:
| Abadala abadala | 3 × 95 | $ 285 |
| Bantwana 2 | 2 × 47.50 | $ 95 |
| Isamba sexabiso leedola | $ 380 | |
Ngoko ukubala kokuqala, isixa semali esetyenziswayo, i-$ 380.
Ukubalwa kwesibini kukuthatha kathathu inani elisebenzayo le dollar, okanye i-3 × $ 95 = $ 285.
Sithelekisa le manani amabini. Isamba se dollar esicacileyo sincinci yamanani amabini. Inani eliphantsi kakhulu li-$ 285. Le yayizixabiso elincinane lamadola enyakeni. (Lo mzekelo uyaqhubeka ngezantsi.)
Ingeniso eyongezelelweyo yeNgeniso
Emva kokukhangela inani elincinane leedola, siyaqhubeka sibale inani lemali engenayo . Imali engaphezulu kwemali ibalwa njengepesenti yomvuzo wekhaya ngaphandle kwexabiso elifanelekileyo lokufakela umyinge.
Ingeniso yomzi yinkcitho epheleleyo ehlengahlengisiweyo yomntu ngamnye kumntu ojongene noxanduva lweentsapho ezifunekayo ukuba afake i-tax return. Ngamanye amazwi,
(Imali yengeniso - umyinge wokufakela) × Ipesenteji yeNgeniso
Imali engenayo ehlengahlengisiweyo (i-MAGI) isetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwemali engenayo (AGI) kunye neemali ezilandelayo zongezwa kwakhona: ukungaphandle kwemali engenayo ukungeniswa kwerhafu, kunye nenxalenye ehlawulwe irhafu yeeNtlalo zeNtlalo.
Iipesenti ze ngeniso zihluka ngonyaka:
| Unyaka | Ipesenteji zemivuzo |
| 2013 | 1% |
| 2014 | 1% |
| 2015 | 2% |
| 2016 kwaye emva koko | 2.5% |
Umzekelo, waqhubeka. Ukubala imali engaphezulu kwemali engenayo kuHenry noJane ngo-2014, kuya kufuneka sibe nolwazi lwenkokhelo yomzi kunye nomgca wokufaka. Ngo-2014, umgca wokufakela isibini esitshatileyo ukufakela ngokubambisana i $ 20,300. Masithi abaxhomekeke kubo (uKatie, uLuann noMarcus) abafumani imali engenayo eyaneleyo ukuba bafake iifayile zokubuya. Ngako ke kuphela imali engenayo yentsapho yale ntlu ibandakanya kuphela uHenry noJane oguqulwayo olupheleleyo olutshintshileyo. Masithi banemali engenayo ye-$ 100,000. Ngonyaka wama-2014, ipesenteji yengeniso yi-1%. Ngoku sinazo zonke iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukubala inani lemali engenayo engaphezulu:
| Imali engaphezulu kwemali engenayo |
| (Imali yengeniso - umyinge wokufakela) × Ipesenteji yeNgeniso |
| = ($ 100,000 - $ 20,300) × 1% |
| = 79,700 × 1% |
| = $ 797 |
UHenry noJane banemali engaphezulu kwemali eyi-$ 797. (Umzekelo uyaqhubeka ngezantsi.)
Inani leNyanga leNyanga
Isixa sohlwayo seenyanga sinye seshumi elinesibini (1/12) sobungakanani bexabiso elingu-dollar eliqhelekileyo okanye imali engaphezulu kwemali engenayo . Ezi zihlomelo zenyanga zenyanga ziye zandiswe inani leenyanga apho umntu engagqunywanga yinshurensi yezempilo okanye afaneleke ukuba enze okunye.
Umzekelo, waqhubeka . UHenry noJane banexabiso elingu-dollar elingu-$ 285 kunye nemali engaphezulu kwemali eyi-$ 797. Inkulu yale manani amabini i-$ 797 (imali engaphezulu kwemali engenayo). Isixa sohlwayo sazo zonke iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini kweedola ezingama-797, okanye i-$ 66.42. Siya kwandisa ngoku ngenani leenyanga apho babengenayo i-inshorensi yempilo okanye bafanele ukufumana ithuba. Makhe singathathi mntu ufanelekile ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi yempilo ngexesha lonyaka. Ngoko sandisa inani lemali yokuhlawula yenyanga (i-66 66.42) ngeenyanga ezili-12 (inani leenyanga ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi yezempilo), eyi-$ 797. Esi sixa-mali sikaHenry noJane sexabiso lentlawulo yenyanga. (Umzekelo uyaqhubeka ngezantsi.)
Umyinge weNqanaba leSizwe weNqanaba leNtsholongwane yeNtsholongwane
I- premium yesizwe engumlinganiselo we-bronze-level coverage ibhekiselele kwi-premium yonyaka efunyenweyo ngokusebenzisa utshintsho lwempilo ngononophelo lwe-inshurensi yempilo yentsapho. I-bronze-level coverage enye yeentlobo ze-inshorensi yempilo enikezelwa nge-inshurensi yezempilo.
| Inkqubo yeSizwe yeNqanaba leNqanaba leMigangatho yeBronze ngo-2014 | |
| Ngenyanga | Yonyaka |
| $ 204 ngomntu ngamnye | $ 2,448 ngomntu ngamnye |
| I-1,020 i-nganye intsapho kunye namalungu amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu | $ 12,240 nganye intsapho kunye namalungu amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu |
Umthombo: Inkqubo yeNgeniso 2014-46 (pdf), IRS.gov.
Qaphela: i-premium yelizwe eliqhelekileyo yenkxaso yezinga lobhedu ngo-2014 i $ 204 ngomntu ngamnye ngenyanga. Esi sixa sifinyelela kwi-1,020 yeenyanga nganye ngenyanga malunga neentsapho ezijongene noxanduva kunye namalungu amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu.
Umzekelo, waqhubeka. UHenry noJane banexabiso lemali eyi-$ 797, kubalwa njengento yokuhlawulwa yenyanga ephindaphindwa yinyanga nganye ayifumaneka yinshuwalense yezempilo okanye ivumeleke ukuba ibe yinto ehlukile. Ukubala ukuhlawula kwabo uxanduva lolwabiwo, sithelekisa isixa sentyala sabo senyanga sifana ne-premium yesizwe ephakathi kwenkxaso ye-bronze kwinqanaba labo ezintlanu; Ukuhlawulwa kwentlawulo ekwabelwana ngayo yixabiso eliphantsi kwezi zimbini. Ngomhla ka-2014 kwintsapho enamalungu amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu, i-premium yonyaka yoqwelo lwebhondi yi-$ 12,240. Siqhathanisa i-$ 797 ukuya kwi-12,240 yee-$, kwaye inani elingaphantsi li-$ 797. Kulo mzekelo, uHenry noJane banembopheleleko ekwabelwana ngayo eyi-$ 797 ngonyaka. Le mali ibikwa kwingxelo yabo yerhafu yonyaka (umgca 61 we-2014 inguqu yeFomu 1040). Eli nani liyanciphisa imali yabo yokubuyisela irhafu okanye kwandisa ibhalansi yabo ngenxa. (Ukuphela komzekelo.)
Indlela yokuhlawula ukuhlawula umxanduva loXanduva
Iintlawulo zoxanduva lwabiwo-mali zihlawulwa ngo-Apreli 15 emva kokuphela konyaka. Iintlawulo zoxanduva lwabiwo lwabiwo zihlawulwa ngokubambelela, iintlawulo eziqikelelweyo , iintlawulo ezenziwa kunye nokongezwa , okanye ukubuyisela iintlawulo xa ukubuyiswa kufakwa.
Ngokuqinisekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu unakho ukuhlawula irhafu eyaneleyo ngokubambelela, ukuqikelela, kunye neengxelo zeerhafu ezingabuyiswanga eziza kudingeke ukuba zenze iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo ngokukodwa ukuhlawulwa komthwalo. Kule meko, umhlawuli-ntlawulo uya kufumana umvuzo ophantsi ngenxa yokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo ekwabelwanayo kwongezwa kwixabiso labo rhafu.
Kwezinye iimeko, ke, inkokhelo yoxanduva lokwabelwana ngayo inokuguqula oko bekuya kuba yimbuyiselo kwibhalansi ngenxa yoko, okanye inokwandisa ibhalansi ngenxa. Kule meko, umntu uhlawula nayiphi na ibhalansi ngenxa yokuphela komhla we-15 ku-Apreli. Umntu angafuna kwakhona ukuhlaziya nokulungisa utshintsho lwazo okanye iintlawulo eziqikelelweyo kunyaka okhoyo ukukhusela ukuba ne-balance ngenxa yerhafu yonyaka ozayo.
Ukuba umntu akayihlawula intlawulo yemfanelo ebelwanayo, i-IRS iya kuthumela uluhlu lwezaziso ukucela intlawulo. Inzala iya kufikelela kwiintlawulo ezijongene noxanduva lwabiwo lwabiwo oluhlawulelwayo ukusuka ngomhla wokuhlawula. Nangona kunjalo, i-IRS ayivunyelwe ukuvavanya izigwebo zentlawulo emva kwexesha , ukukhupha isaziso senkonzo yentlawulo yombuso okanye ukuhlawula umvuzo womntu okanye i-akhawunti yebhanki nayiphi nayiphi na intlawulo ejongene noxanduva lokubambisana. I-IRS inako kwaye iya kunciphisa ukubuyiselwa kwemali yerhafu ezayo ngenxa yomhlawuli-ntlawulo ukuhlawula imali yokuhlawula inkokhelo ekwabelwana. I-IRS ineeminyaka elishumi ukusuka ngomhla wokufakela ukubuyisela ukuqokelela nayiphi na intlawulo ekwabelwana ngayo.
Ukuba umntu akanakho ukuhlawula ukuhlawula umrhumo wabo wolawulo ngokubhaliweyo, inqanaba elifanelekileyo lezenzo liza kuba kukuthintana nochwepheshe weerhafu okanye ukubiza i-IRS ukuphonononga okokukhethwa kukho okukhoyo. Enye inketho iya kuba kusekwa isicwangciso sokuhlawula ngenyanga .
Iimpawu zoBume
- Imiyalelo yeFomu 8965 iqukethe ama-worksheets okubala ukuhlawulwa komthwalo .
- Inkokhelo yoxanduva lokwabelwana, ukuba kukho na, libikwe kumgca we-61 we-2014 inguqu yeFomu 1040
- Inkokhelo yoXanduva lwabiwo lwaBantu ngabanye - Ingqwalasela (IRS.gov)
- Imibuzo kunye nezimpendulo kwiNkxaso-mboleko yabanye ngabanye (IRS.gov)
- Ukupapashwa kwe-5185, amaNqaku malunga nokwenza uhlawulo lwabiwo-xanduva (pdf, IRS.gov)
- I-Internal Revenue Code icandelo 5000A (I-Institute Information Information Institute yase-Cornell University School)
- Iimimiselo ze-Nondyebo 1.5000A-1, 1.5000A-2, 1.5000A-3, 1.5000A-4, kunye ne-1.5000A-5 (ISebe leNkcazelo yezomthetho kwiSikolo soMthetho weSikolo seYunivesithi yaseConell)