I-Home-Bias ibonisa abaTyalo-mali kwiCandelo loMngcipheko
Ingxaki kukuba oko kuthiwa 'ukuhlaselwa kwekhaya' kubonisa ukuba abatyali-mali bafumana umngcipheko omkhulu ngendlela yoxinaniso yecandelo. Umzekelo, i-S & P 500 inokuvelisa ubuncinane kwisiqingatha sentlawulo yayo ngaphandle kwe-United States, kodwa i-akhawunti yecandelo le-tech liphendula malunga neepesenti ezingama-21 zepottoliyo.
Ukwehla kwinkampani yezobugcisa kungabangela ingozi ngamanye inkampani afana ne-Apple Inc. (AAPL) ngokubalwa kwama-3 ekhulwini kwipotfoliyo, ngo-Agasti 2016.
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ngokukhawuleza kwintlupheko yekhaya kunye nendlela abatyala-mali abanokuyenza ngayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko ngokusebenzisa ukungafani kwamanye amazwe.
Zihlobo ezimbini zeengozi
Inkqubela ye-S & P 500 kwimihla embalwa edlulileyo iye yaba yi-stellar xa kuthelekiswa nakwezinye ihlabathi. Nangona kulula ukucinga ukuba lo kukhula kuye kwasasazeka ngokukhawuleza, ukujonga okukhawulezayo kwesikhombiso kubonisa ukuba icandelo lethekhnoloji liye lalawula ubunzima benkcazo kwaye luye lwaba ngumqhubi oyintloko emva kokukhula kwalo. Ulungelelaniso lwe-S & P 500 kunye ne-tech industry luse-0.78, xa kuthelekiswa ne-0.33 kuphela kwimveliso yezezimali ukususela ngo-1993.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuba ubunzima becandelo elithethiweyo alinakubonakaliswa ngokugcwele kwinqanaba lokungcebeleka kwenene. Ngokomzekelo, inkcazo ye - MSCI Canada ithengwa kuphela ngamaphesenti angama-20 kumandla, kodwa ukubuyiswa kwayo kulungelelaniso olunamandla kunye necandelo lamandla.
Isizathu ezininzi iinkampani ezingekho kwamandla zihlala zithembela kumaxabiso emandla ekunqumeni ukukhula kwazo. Ngokomzekelo, iibhanki zaseKhanada zithembela kwiingxowa-mali kwiinkampani zamandla ukuqhuba amazinga abo okukhula.
Amazwe amaninzi axhaswa kakhulu kwicandelo elithile okanye athambekele ukuhambelana necandelo kwimiba yezoqoqosho ifuna iindawo ezizodwa.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bafanele baqaphele ezi zintlukwano xa bezakhela iiphothifoliyo zabo - ingakumbi xa behlalutya izinga lokungafani kwilizwe labo. Amanqanaba aphezulu okubhenca kwinqanaba elithile lithetha ukuba ukuhla kwelo candelo kungathintela iipotifoliyo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuchithwa
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokuqinisekisa ukuba iipotfoliyo zabo zihambelana ngokugqithiseleyo ngokujonga ukudibanisa kwamacandelo kunye nezilungiso. Nangona akusoloko kulungele ukugcina ukulingana okulinganayo kumacandelo, abatyali-mali kufuneka baqaphele ubuncinane ukuba iipotifoliyo zabo zibonakaliswe ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ziyahambelana ngokuthe ngqo kumacandelo athile. Ukuba ngaba kunjalo, ukuhla kwela ma candelo kungabangela ukuhla kwexesha elingalindelekanga kuyo yonke iphothifoliyo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sibheka ukuba ubunzima beli candelo lithini kwi-portfolio. Kulabo abane-potifoliyo yesitokethi ngasinye, isixhobo sama-X-ray esiKhuselweyo se-Morningstar sisisithuba esheshayo sokufumana izisombululo zamacandelo kwimiqathango yamazwe ngamazwe. Abo baneengxowa-mali ezithengiswa ngemali-mali (ETFs) kufuneka bajonge kwi-prospectus nganye ye-fund ukuze baqikelele ukulinganiswa kwamacandelo baze batyeke loo maxabiso ngepesenti ye-ETF yepotfolio.
Isinyathelo sesibini sibheka ukulungelelaniswa kweepotfoliyo kunye namacandelo athile. Kwabo bafuna ithuluzi le-intanethi, i-InvestSpy inokukhawuleza ukubala imilinganiselo yazo zonke iiphothifoliyo. Abo bafuna isisombululo esiphezulu kunokuba ngcono ukuba basebenzise iMicrosoft Excel ukuthelekisa iintlawulo zabo zeepotfoliyo kunye nezohlukeneyo zezabelo zeklasi kwaye zibale izilungelelaniso. Izicelo zesitatisti ezinjenge-R okanye iPython nazo zinokukunceda ekusebenzeni ezi hlalutyo.
Ngaphantsi
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka bahlale bekhumbula ukuba utyalo-mali kwamanye amazwe aluhambisani naluphi na uhlobo lweengozi. Xa kuziwa kumngcipheko wegxininiso kumacandelo, abatyali-mali kufuneka baqwalasele ngokukhawuleza ukuvezwa kwabo kwipotfoliyo kwicandelo ngalinye. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka ukulungelelaniswa kwecandelo ngalinye ukususela ekumanyanisweni akuqwalasele ukuxhomekeka koqoqosho olubanzi kwicandelo elinye - njengamandla, iteknoloji, okanye iimveliso.