I-Metalloids: I-semi-Metals

Yintoni i-metalloids?

I-Metalloids, okanye isinyithi-zinyithi, liqela lezinto eziphethe zombini iipropati zezinyithi kunye nezinyithi.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zithandathu zibhekwa njenge-metalloids:

1. Boron
2. Silicon
3. Germanium
4. Arsenic
5. IAntimony
6. ITellurium

Iipropati:

I-Metalloids i-brittle, i-metallic elements ezibonisa iimpawu ze-semiconductive.

Ngokungafani neyesinyithi, kunjalo, azinakulungelekanga okanye i-ductile. Kwaye, nangona bengabonakali ngokukhawuleza ngesinyithi, nganye i-metalloid ikhethile ngokukhethekileyo kunye nezinto ezithile zensimbi ukwenza i-alloys.

Izicelo:

Ukuba unobunzima kwaye unobuthakathaka kwizicelo zesakhiwo, i-metalloids isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiikhemikhali, i-electronics kunye ne-alloying industries.

I-Germanium kunye ne-silicon babaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwabaguquleli bokuqala ngasekupheleni kwee-1940 kwaye, kuze kube yimhla, inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-semiconductors kunye ne-electronic-state-state.

I-antimony ye-Metallic isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-alloys efana ne-pewter kunye ne-babbitt, ngelixa iifomikhali ze-antimony zisetyenziselwa njengesithako somlilo esilawulayo kwiiplastiki nezinye izinto.

I-Tellurium isetyenziswe njenge-arhente ye-alloying ukuphucula ukuchithwa kwamatye athile, kunye nezicelo ze-electro-thermal kunye ne-photovoltaic ngenxa yeefayili zayo zokuziphatha ezizodwa.

I-Boron, into ekhuni kakhulu, isetyenziswe njenge-dopant kwi-semiconductors, njenge-arhente ekhonkisayo kwiimakethe zomhlaba ezingaqhelekanga, kunye nezinto ezinobungozi kunye nemichiza (umz. Borax).

Kwakhona isetyenziswe njenge-dopant kwezinye i-semiconductors, i-arsenic isoloko ifunyenwe kwi-alloys zetsimbi kunye nobhedu kunye nekhokelo apho isebenza njenge-ejensi yokuqinisa.

Etymology:

Igama elithi 'metalloid' livela kwisiLatin metallum , esithetha isinyithi, kunye ne- oeides , esithetha 'ifana nesimo nokubonakala'.