Amanqanaba okuNciphisa iNengozi yokuHlalwa kweNzala
Impembelelo yeRhafu yeMali
Amanqanaba omdla atshabalalisa uqoqosho ngokungongeza okanye ukususa i- liquidity kwinkqubo yezemali kwaye ngokukhuthaza okanye ukunciphisa ukukhula koqoqosho.
Amaxesha amaninzi, iibhanki eziphambili ziya kunciphisa ixabiso lomyinge ukukhuthaza ukuboleka okungaphezulu ukukhulisa ukukhula nokuphakamisa amazinga omdla ukuphazamisa ukuboleka ngaphezulu xa beva ukuba uqoqosho lusemngciphekweni wokutshisa.
Ezi zintengiselwano zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwiimarike zentengiso yelizwe kwaye ke ngoko abatyali-mali bamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokomzekelo, izinga lentengo ephantsi lihlala lihambelana nemakethi ekhulayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iintlawulo ezenzalo eziphantsi zikhuthaza amaqumrhu karhulumente ukuba aboleke ngaphezulu ukuze avuselele ukukhula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ixabiso elincinci lenzalo liyakhuthaza abatyali-mali ukuba baboleke ngaphezulu kwimida ukuze bathenge isitokisi.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ezi zintengiselwano aziyiyo imfuneko nayiphi na indlela. Uqoqosho lwamaJapan lwalubizwa ngokuba yi-" iminyaka elilahlekileyo " nangona ixabiso lentlawulo ephantsi kakhulu kuba iinkampani azizange zikhululeke ukuboleka imali ngaphandle kwexabiso eliphantsi. Ezi nkampani sele zijongene nemithwalo ematyala aphezulu, okwenza ukuba banqwenele ukuthatha ityala elingakumbi ukuba "bakhule indlela yabo" ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Ukufika kokunciphisa ubuninzi kunye neminye imigaqo-nkqubo yezemali engavumelekanga yenze i-interest rate impembelelo engasebenziyo kangangoko njengethuluzi lomgaqo-mali wemali xa amaxabiso sele sele esondele. Nangona amazwe athile aqhubekele inzala engathandekiyo, le nkqubo ayizange iphumelele njengenye imigaqo-nkqubo yeemali eziye zachithwa ukususela kwiingxaki zemali zika-2008.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isongelo sokunyuka kwamazinga enzala kuye kwabonisa ukuba unako ukunyusa kakhulu iimarike. Okubizwa ngokuba yiTager Tantrum ngo-2013 kwabangela ukunyuka okukhawulezayo kwiintlawulo ze-Nondyebo emva kokuba i-Federal Reserve ibhengeze izicwangciso zokunciphisa ukuthengwa kwee-asethi kwaye ekugqibeleni iqala ukunyusa izinga lentengo. Abalawuli baye bazama ukuphepha ezi ngxaki ngokubonakala ngokucacileyo nezicwangciso zabo.
Ukunciphisa Umngcipheko weNzala
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banamathuluzi amaninzi ahlukeneyo ukuba banciphise umngcipheko wezinga lentengo, ukusuka kwiikontraki zangaphambili ukuya kutshintshwa kweepotfoliyo ezinxulumene nazo ukuba zisebenzise amathuba. Nangona ezinye zeenkqubo zifaneleke kakhulu kubatyalomali beziko, abatyali-zimali ngabanye banokukhethwa kwindlela ezininzi ekuncedeni ukunciphisa ingozi efanayo kwinqanaba elincinci.
Izicwangciso ezidumileyo ezikhuselekileyo ekukhuseleni ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kubandakanya:
- Thenga Intengo Yomdla Ngexesha Elizayo - Abanini-mali abanophezulu bangathengisa iikontraka zexesha elizayo kwiibhanki zorhulumente okanye kwi-future rate rate. Ezi zentengiso zibenza bakwazi ukukhiya-inqanaba lomdla othile kwaye bahlasele iiphothifoliyo zabo.
- Ukuthengisa iiBond zexesha elide - Abanini-zimali ngabaninzi banamathele ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso enzala ngokuthengisa izibophelelo, abavame ukubona amaxabiso abo awela ngokuvelisa, ikakhulukazi kwiimbophelelo kunye nokukhula okude kunye namaxabiso athathekayo.
- Ukuthenga Amanqanaba Aphakamileyo okanye Iimali Eziphakamileyo Ezizaliswayo - Abanini-zimali ngabanye banamathele ekuhlaleni amanani ngokukhutshwa kwezikhundla zabo ezinxulumene nexesha elide ukuya kwiibhondi zexesha elifutshane, njengezibophelelo eziphezulu zokuthengisa , okanye iintlawulo ezihambayo .
Ukuchasana kwezi zicwangciso kungasetyenziselwa ukukhusela ukuhlaselwa kwezinga lenzalo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuthengisa ixabiso lentengo yexesha elizayo, ukuthenga izibophelelo zexesha elide, nokuthengisa izantya ezithengayo okanye izibophelelo eziphezulu ziyakunciphisa umngcipheko. Abatyalomali banakho ukhetho lokutshintshela kwii-equity, kunye neentlobo zentsebenzo enokuthi zenze kakuhle xa ixabiso lesenzalo liyancipha, ngaphandle kokuba uqoqosho luqhuba kakuhle.
Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, kukho ezinye iindlela ezithandwayo zokunciphisa umngcipheko wezinga lentengo, nangona zingekho ngaphantsi kweendlela ezikhankanywe ngasentla. Izityebi ezixabisekileyo zivame ukuphakama ngokubaluleka njengoko amaxabiso enzala ahamba phezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba abatyali-mali bangabathenga njengentambo yokulwa namazinga aphezulu.
Amalungelo afana nokugqithisela ngexesha lokunyuka kwamazinga omyinge, oku kuthetha ukuba kungengqiqweni ukuguqula ubunzima beepotfoliyo kwiibophelelo ukuya kuma-equity. Ngokukodwa, izitokisi zokukhula zenza okulungileyo xa amaxabiso enyukayo, ngelixa ama-dividend stocks ayangathandeki. Ukuchasene kuyinyaniso xa amaxabiso enzala ehla.