IiNgxowa-mali zamazwe ngamazwe ziNdlela enkulu yokufumana ukuvakaliswa kwamanye amazwe
Nangona ungazi kakhulu malunga neemali zentsebenziswano, mhlawumbi unako ukufikelela kwi-fund ye-equity fund kwi-401 yakho (k) okanye i-IRA. Ngoko yintoni i-fund, kunye ngubani ofuna enye?
Okokuqala, masilungiselele inxalenye yobulungisa. Ukulingana kuthetha iteksi . Isabelo okanye izabelo zenkampani onokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa. Iingxowa-mali ezininzi ezihlangeneyo ezingabikho zonke iimali ezibophelelweyo zibambe ubuncinane inxalenye yamalungelo. Ziyingozi kakhulu ukuba zingabikho kunezibophelelo, kodwa ngokukhawuleza zinikela ngenzuzo ephezulu.
(Ubutyebi obuninzi-kuquka iWarren Buffett -yakhelwe ngokwamasheya.)
Amazwe ngamazwe ngama-stocks angama-non-US. Ngokombiko weVanguard, iinkampani ezingezizo e-US zimela ngaphezulu kwehafu yesigxina semalike . Oko kuthetha ukuba ngaphezu kwehafu yezinto zonke iinkampani ehlabathini zifanelekile. Malunga ne-73% yeenkampani ezinkulu zehlabathi ze-Fortune ngo-2011 zazingaphandle kwe-US, ngokwemibiko kaEdward Jones. Ukuba awuyi kutyalomali kwiinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe, ulahlekelwa ukutyalomali kwiinkampani ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.
Ukufumana amashishini angamazwe ngamazwe kunokunceda ekuphuculeni ukubuyiswa kwakho. Phakathi ko-1970 kunye no-2016, umyinge wezinga lokubuyisela umyinge wamazwe ngamazwe kwiimarike eziphuhlisiweyo yayingu-8.6%. Ngethuba elifanayo ukubuyela kweempahla ezinkulu ze-US kwaba ngu-10.3%. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba iimarike zase-US kunye neemarike zamazwe ngamazwe ayisoloko ehamba ngendlela efanayo (iintsimbi zamazwe ngamazwe ase-US kwiminyaka yama-1970 neye-1980, i-US ibanjwe kuma-1990, amazwe angamazwe angaphantsi kangcono kuma-2000), ukufumana iimpahla ezingamazwe ngamazwe kunokunceda ukunciphisa mngcipheko jikelele.
Xa enye inxalenye yeemarike zehlabathi ingaphantsi, enye ingenza kakuhle. Ukuncedisa bobabini kunceda ukuzisa ibhaltili.
Iingxowa-mali zokulingana zamazwe ngamazwe akufanele zidideke kunye neengxowa-mali zehlabathi. Uphi umehluko? Iingxowa-mali zokulingana kwihlabathi jikelele zenziwe ngamasheya ezinkampani apho.
I-US kunye nabangewona ama-US Ukuba utyalomali kwingxowa-mali yehlabathi lonke ukufumanisa ukungabikho kwamanye amazwe, unokufumanisa ukuba ininzi yebhanki kwi-nkampani yase-US. Kwaye sele usenayo loo nkampani kwenye i-fund equity fund. Ukuba ufuna ukuhlukahlukana, amazwe ngamazwe ngelizwi lokukhangela.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeemali zamazwe ngamazwe. Abo batyala imali kumazwe athuthukileyo kunye nalabo abatyala imali kwiimarike ezikhulayo . Iimarike ezithuthukayo ngamazwe okanye kwimimandla enomnotho ophantsi kodwa ubuninzi bokukhula. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba ezininzi zala mazwe okanye iimarike zazo zilawulwa ngaphantsi, kukho umngcipheko ochaphazelekayo ekutyala imali apho. Ngomngcipheko omkhulu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuza ubukhulu bokubuya. Kwaye iimarike eziphumayo ezibuyiselwayo kwiminyaka engama-25 phakathi ko-1987 no-2012 zaziphakathi kwe-12.5% ngonyaka.
Ngokuqhelekileyo iimali zokulingana zamazwe ngamazwe ezibandakanyiweyo kwi-401 (k) isicwangciso-mali se - equity capital equity investment in developing countries. Nje ngeJapan, eJamani, e-United Kingdom. Ukuba isicwangciso sibonelela ngamashishini asakhulayo, kuya kwenzeka ukuba ibe kwingxowa-mali ehlukile. Abacebisi ngezezimali bavame ukukhuthaza ukuba abatyali-mali abakhetha ukufumana amashishini atshabalalayo amashishini kufuneka bawinciphise ukungabikho kwama-5 ukuya kwe-10% kwipotfoliyo jikelele.
(Jonga ukuba Unokuzimela Ngaphandle Kwezizwe Ngaba Unayo? )
Izingozi Zokutshala imali kwiiNkxaso zamazwe ngamazwe
Kukho iintlobo zeengozi ezinxulumene nokutyalomali kumazwe ngamazwe.
Umngcipheko wemali : Ixabiso le dollar liya kuhluka kwixabiso leengxowa-mali eziphantsi kweengxowa-mali. Oku kunokukunceda ukukhulisa imbuyekezo yakho xa idola libuthathaka, kungakhathaliseki ukuba utyalo-mali lwenziwa njani. Kodwa xa idola liqinile, linokuchaphazeleka.
Umngcipheko wezopolitiko : Ukuzinza nokulawulwa koorhulumente basekhaya kubalulekileyo kwimarike. Naliphi na ixesha otyalo-mali kwelinye ilizwe (okanye nakwakho) kukho umngcipheko wokuba uqoqosho okanye urhulumente unokujongana neengxaki ezingalindelekanga.
Umngcipheko wobungozi : Imarike ye-stock yase-United States iyinkunkuma. Iintsingiselo, umthamo omkhulu wamasheya uthengwa kwaye uthengiswa kuyo yonke imihla.
Kuthetha ntoni kumtyalo-mali oqhelekileyo xa ufuna ukuthengisa isitokisi, ngokuqhelekileyo umthengi ozimisele. Kuthekani ukuba bekungekho umthengi kwaye ungananto yokubamba kuyo kude kube yinto enye? Leyo marike engekho. Iimarike zakwamanye amazwe zinomlinganiselo ophantsi wezorhwebo kuneemakethe zase-US.
Kukho ezinye izinto zokuqwalasela ngeemali zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaba imilinganiselo yokuphendula kunye nokunika ingxelo yemigangatho efanayo ekhoyo e-US? Ingaba iimali zokutyalomali kule mikhosi emikhulu kunezo zityalwa ukutyalomali kwiimpahla ze-US? Ingxowa elawulwa kakuhle iya kulindela kwaye iyaqonda le mingcipheko kwinqanaba elithile. Utyalo-mali lwamazwe ngamazwe luyenziwe lula kwi-fund fund.
Inqaku elijongene nabaTyalo-mali
- Ukuba ufuna iphothifoliyo ngokwenene, ukutshala imali kumazwe ngamazwe kubalulekile.
- Nangona kukho iingozi ezithile, kwaye abanye abatyali-mali bayatshitshisa into engaziwayo, amanyathelo angamazwe ngamazwe akwenza inxalenye enkulu yokukhula kwentengiso yehlabathi.
- Iingcali zivumile ukuba akukho ngaphaya kwe-20% ukuya kwi-35% yepottoliyo eyabelwe amazwe ngamazwe, okanye ngaphantsi ngokuxhomekeke ekunyamezelweni kwengozi kwaye ugxile ekukhuleni.
- Abatyalomali abanononophelo baya kuthanda iimarike eziphuhlisiweyo kwiimarike ezikhulayo.
- Khangela igama elithi "ngamazwe ngamazwe" ngokuchasene ne "hlabathi" xa ukhetha isikhwama sokutshala imali.
Ukuziphendulela: Umxholo okweli siza unikezelwa ngolwazi kunye neenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanelekanga ukuchazwa nje ngeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.