8 Iindlela eziMandla zokuTyala imali yakho yentela

by UJohn Chatzky

Ngoko ufumane imali embi yentela (okanye unayo enye indlela ), kwaye uzimisele ukuyifaka imali. Intle kakhulu! Kwaye lithuba elihle: Umnyaka wokugqibela, ukubuyiselwa kwembuyekezo yerhafu kwaba yi-$ 2,900, enokuhamba ngendlela ende kwiimarike okanye nakwezinye izicwangciso zesicwangciso sakho semali. Nazi iindlela ezisibhozo eziphezulu zokukhetha.

01 Ukuhlawulwa kweMali-mboleko yeTyala eliPhakamileyo

i-martin-dm / iStock

Ukuba unayo inzala yamatyala ekhredithi yemali ephezulu, oku kukutsalwa kwakho "utsalo-mali," utsho uCynthia Meyer, umcwangcisi wezemali oqinisekisiweyo kwi-Financial Finesse. Kungenxa yokuba ukubuya kwimali yakho kukulingana nomyinge wenzala - kuqinisekisiwe kwaye akukho mngcipheko. Ukuba inani lesenzalo kwikhadi lakho lekhredithi lingama-24 ekhulwini, umzekelo, ngoko yonke idola oyibeka kuloo matyala ibona ngokuphindaphindiweyo kweepesenti ezingama-24-ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba ungangena kwimarike!

Kuthiwani ngamanye amatyala, njengokwenza imali ehlawulwe kumboleko wakho womfundi, imali yakho yokubolekisa, okanye ukuhlawula imoto yakho? Abangaphambi kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi bangafuna ukufumana imali ehlawulwa ngaphambi kokuba bathathe umhlalaphantsi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ibhangi yakho iya kuba ngaphantsi (ireyenti yenzala kwimali-mboleko yomfundi iphakathi kwama-6-7 ekhulwini, i-mortgage isingamaphesenti ama-3-4, kwaye zombini irhafu -kuthengwa) uzakufuna ukulinganisela ukubuyela kwamanye amathuba.

02 Invest Invest Against Future and Expensions

"Akuyinto enhle kakhulu, kodwa umbuzo olandelayo uza kuba: Ngaba unesikhwama esiphuthumayo?" Utshilo uMeyer. Ngokufanelekileyo uza kufuna ukugcina iinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu zeendleko zokuphila ngokulondolozwa kwamanzi okwaneleyo, kodwa ukubuyisela imali yakho-malunga ne-$ 3,000 - kunokukugcina kwihlabathi elibi. Ukuba nelo mali yemali ephawulwe kwi-akhawunti yokulondoloza imali ithetha ukuba akudingeki ukuba ufake loo ntlawulo entsha okanye i-bill ye-visa yakho engalindelekanga. Hayi, ukubuyiselwa kwindleko kunye neemali zeemarike zincinci, kodwa leyo ingasecaleni. Umsebenzi we-stash okhuseleko uya kuba khona xa uwufuna.

03 Ukudibanisa umxube kwindawo yakho yokusebenzela Umhlalaphantsi

Ingowesithathu kwoluhlu, kodwa mhlawumbi kubekho utyalo-mali ongayenzayo loo nto inokuthi ibuyele i-interest rate card: okanye 403 (k). (Ukuba unetyala lekhadi lesikweletu kwaye kufuneka ulondoloze umhlalaphantsi, jolise ukwenza kokubili, ukuba kunokwenzeka.)

UTim Maurer, umcebisi wezemali kunye nombhali weMali elula , uthi enye indlela yokukhulula imali eyongezelelweyo kule (okanye nayiphi na enye indlela enokukhetha kuloluhlu) kukunciphisa ukugcina kwakho. Qinisekisa ukuba ukwandisa iminikelo yakho yomhlala-phantsi ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze ungafaki iidola ezingaphezulu kwi-payckck yakho.

04 Inkxaso yeHSA

Ukuba unesicwangciso sezempilo esicatshulwa ngokukhawuleza ngeAkhawunti yokuThengisa impilo, unako ukupaka - okanye mhlawumbi ngakumbi, utshale-idola yakho. Ii-HSA zi-ntlawulo zentela emithathu: Imali iya kubo ngaphambi kokuhlawula irhafu ngokuchithwa kwekheshi (okanye, ukuba uyifaka kuwe, irhafu yentlawulo); ikhula irhafu; kwaye ayihlawulwanga xa kukhishwa imali xa usisebenzisa kwiindleko zonyango. Oko kuthetha ukutshintsha imali oyisebenzisayo kwixesha elifutshane nge-akhawunti kukugcina i-25 pesenti kuzo zonke iindleko zonyango. Kodwa unokutshala imali kule akhawunti kwaye uvumele ukuba ikhule.

Emva kokuba uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala, ukuhoxiswa okungasetyenziselwa unyango lwempilo kuthathwa nje ngo-401 (k) ukuhoxiswa kunye nokuhlawulwa intela kwerhafu yakho yerhafu yengeniso. "Ukuba awuzange uphumelele igalelo lakho le-HSA lonyaka [umda wenkxaso ngu-$ 3,400 ngo-2017], unokwandisa igalelo lakho lokuhlawula imali kwaye ulimelele kwingxowa-mali yemashishini ebanzi," kutsho uMeyer. "Kungcono kunokuba i-Roth IRA, kuba kukukhula kokuhlawula irhafu."

05 Nika isandla kwi-IRA

Geber86 / eStock

Ukuba wenza umdlalo kwisicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi wendawo yokuhlala okanye ungenayo enye - i-IRA ngowokuqala ukuyeka endleleni yokulungela umhlalaphantsi. Kodwa ngaba ufuna i-Roth IRA okanye yemveli? Nasi umehluko: Ufumana ukuncitshiswa kwentela kwimali eya kwi-IRA yendabuko. Ikhula ihlawulwe irhafu, kodwa uyihlawula irhafu yengeniso xa ususa imali (ongayenza ukuqala kwiminyaka engama-59 ½ ubudala kwaye kufuneka uyenze kwiminyaka engama-70 ½ ubudala). NgeRoth, akukhohlulwa kweerhafu namhlanje - kodwa xa uthetha i-akhawunti ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi, uyibamba ityala. "I-Roth [IRA] ngokuqhelekileyo inengqiqo ukuba ucinga ukuba uya kuba sekhokhini yerhafu enye okanye ngaphezulu kwi-retrait," kusho uMeyer.

Akukho kwakhona ukurhoxiswa okufunekayo, oku kuthetha ukuba ungadlulisela imali kwiindlalifa zakho, kwaye kukho ukuguquguquka okungakumbi - kwiimeko ezininzi ungayifumana imali ngaphandle kwesihlwayo, kubandakanya kwimfundo okanye ukuthenga ikhaya lakho lokuqala.

06 Ukuthenga kwiipolisi zeTrump

Ngoko, uhlolisise zonke iibhokisi kwaye unqwenela ukwenza okuthile ngokubuyiselwa kwemali yakho enethuba lokuhlawula elikhulu. Okanye ngisho ... ngokukhulu.

Imarike yemasheya ibone ukukhula okukhulu kakhulu ukususela ekuhlaleni, kwaye leyo ntengiso yemfuyo yaqhubeka kunyaka wokuqala kaTrump, iqhutywe inxalenye ngokukulindela isicwangciso sohla-bulumko sohlobo lwe-GOP. Nangona ivenkile ekugqibeleni ixabisa i-hiccup ngendlela yokulungiswa kwangaphambili-ngoFebruwari, abatyali-mali bexesha elide kufuneka bahlale batyalomali kwiimpahla, kwaye kungaba yinto efanelekileyo ukutshala izimvo eziphambili kwiTrump. Ukuqonda, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba iWashington yindawo engalindelekanga, uMongameli unomnxeba ukuba ufuna ukuchitha kwiziseko kunye nokunciphisa imimiselo, zombini leyo inokunika amathuba otyalo-mali. Kwakhona kubonakala ngathi phantsi koMongameli weTrump, iirhafu zexeshana zentsuku ziza kuqhubeka zikhuphuka. Oku kuthetha ukuba utyalo-mali kwizentengiselwano, izixhobo kunye necandelo lezemali. Qaphela: Ezi ziphakamiso zomgaqo-nkqubo kunye neenguqu sele zinikezele ukunyuka kwamacandelo athile eemarike, ngoko nyathela ngokucophelela.

07 Ikholeji yeFund

Abazali abajonge ukutyalo-mali kwimfundo yabo yengomso, bangathanda ukuqwalasela isicwangciso sokulondoloza iikholeji ezingama-529. Ifana neRoth IRAs, uncedisa imali yentela emva kwentlawulo kunye needola zakho zityalwa kwaye zikhule ngaphandle kweerhafu. Ngethuba nje usebenzisa imali yokufumana imfundo, akukho ntlawulo iya kuhlawulwa. Kodwa nantsi i-caveat ebaluleke kakhulu: "Awukwazi ukubeka ukhuseleko lwakho lwexesha elide emngciphekweni ngenxa yekholeji yabantwana bakho," utsho uMaurer. "Ukuba zonke ezinye iibhokisi zihlolwe ukucwangcisa umhlala-phantsi wexesha elide, ngoko zonke iindlela zisebenzise."

08 Yenza umnikelo

Enye indlela yokutshala imali kumntu (okanye into) enye into ngokwenza igalelo lenkxaso-kwaye unokulawula iminikelo yakho njengokuba uza kufaka iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. Ukuba ufuna imali yakho ibe neyona ntlawulo enkulu, okanye impembelelo enkulu, ngoko kufuneka ugxininise ngaphantsi kwizinto ezincedisayo ezenza uzive ulungile, kwaye ngakumbi kwizinto ezilungileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba unikezele, cela imibuzo yothando: "Yonke i-$ 1, uyayisebenzisa njani na?" Kwaye "Utshintsha njani ihlabathi ngenxa yothando lwakho?" I-Givewell.org, engenzi inzuzo enika uphando nophando uncedo, kunokukunceda uphendule le mibuzo, nayo.