Indlela uGeorge Bush eyithinte ngayo uqoqosho
UGeorge Walker Bush wayengumongameli wama-43, ukhonza ukususela ngo-2001-2009. Ukulawula kwakhe kwakuzaliswe izandla. Okokuqala, kwakukho ukuphindwa kwembini, okwesibini ibe yinto ebi kakhulu ukususela kwiNkxwaleko enkulu . Okwesibini, yayiyindyangu eyingozi kakhulu kwimbali yase-US. Okwesithathu, ulawulo lujongene nokuhlaselwa kokuqala kumhlaba wase-US ukusuka ePearl Harbor. Ekuphenduleni, kwaqalisa iMfazwe kwiNkqenkqenkqo , ixhasa iimfazwe ezimbini ngelo xesha.
Ngenxa yoko, uMongameli Bush wongezele i-$ 6 trillion kwiiNtlawulo ze-US. Ukuthelekisa, jonga iMali-mboleko yase-US nguMongameli .
I-2001 yokubuyisela
Ukunyuka kwemali ngo-2001 kwakunzima, njengoko izinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi liye laphakama kuma-6 ekhulwini. UMongameli Bush uqalise ukuhlawulwa kwentela yokuqala, i- EGTRRA , ukuqala ukusetyenziswa kwemali yabasebenzisi. Amakhaya athathwe ngo-Agasti 2001. Ngaphambi kokuba kube nethuba lokusebenza, ukuhlaselwa kwabangqongqangi be-9/11 kwenzeka. Ulawulo lwe-Bush lwasabela ngokuhlasela i-Afghanistan, apho uBin Laden wayefihle khona.
Ngo-2003, iNkcazo yadlulisela ulawulo lwe-Bush ye-Medicare Part D yonyango. Ikhusele izidakamizwa ezimiselweyo ukuya kwindawo ethile. Abadala bahlawula bonke abanye, ukuya kwelinye nqanaba, apho uMedaretha wakhokhela khona. Le nxalenye engakhokhelwa yayibizwa ngokuba "ngumgodi wecala." Inxalenye ehlawulwayo yongeze i-$ 550 yeebhiliyoni kwi-matyala.
Ukuhlaselwa kunye nemfazwe kwaphazamisa ukuhlaziywa ngokugcwele kwimpumelelo. UBush wasayina i- JGTRRA yerhafu yokurhweba ishishini lokuqeshisa.
Ukutsalwa kweentlawulo zombini i- Bush kwongeze iibhiliyoni kwi-matyala ngaphandle kokukhuthaza uqoqosho ngokubanzi.
Ngo-2005, iSiphepho uKatrina sabetha iNew Orleans, ebangela ukulimala kweebhiliyoni ezingama-200 kunye nokunciphisa ukukhula koqoqosho ukuya kuma-1.5 ekhulwini kwikota yesine. Ukunceda ngokucoca, i-$ 33 yezigidigidi zongezwe kwi-budget ye-FY 2006 .
UMthetho wokuLawulwa kweBhanki
Ngomncinci, ulawulo lwe-Bush lugqithise uMthetho we-Prevention Bankruptcy ka - 2005 , ukuthintela abantu ukuba bangaxhomeki kwiimali zabo ngokulula.
Oku kwakukhuseleke kakhulu kumashishini, kodwa kwaba nemiphumo emibi embi yabathengi. Okokuqala, yaphoqelelwa ngabanini bezindlu ukuba bathathe ukulinganisa ngaphandle kwamakhaya abo ukuhlawula amatyala abo. Ngenxa yoko, ukungahlawulwanga kwemali kwimivuzo engama-14 ekhulwini, ukunyanzelisa iintsapho ezingama-200 000 emakhaya abo ngonyaka emva kokugqitywa kwebhili.
Okwesibini, abantu baba khoboka ngenxa yeendleko zempilo . I- No.1 ibangela yokubhalwa kwebhanki yindleko zonyango . Ngaphandle kokukhuselwa kwetyala, abantu balahlekelwa yonke imali yokugcina umhlalaphantsi kunye nekhaya labo ukuhlawula iindleko zabo ezingalindelekanga zempilo. Oko kuhambelana nophando lwe-National Bureau of Research Economic.
Imfazwe Yobungozi
Imfazwe e- Afghanistan yasungulwa ngo-2001 ukuphelisa usongelo kwinkokeli ye-al-Qaida, u-Osama bin Laden. Ekubeni urhulumente waseTaliban uxhasa i-al-Qaida, yachithwa yatshatyalaliswa nguHamid Karzai.
NgoNovemba 2002, iCongress yadlulisa uMthetho woKhuseleko lwaseKhaya ukuququzelela ulwaphulo-bulumko. Yakha isebe elikwinqanaba leKhabhinethi elidibanisa i-arhente ezingama-22 ezisebenzisayo ukhuseleko lwasekhaya. Kwakubonakala ngathi ukuhlasela kwamaphekula kuye kwagqitywa phakathi kwaso.
Ngo-Oktobha 2002, uBush wafumana imvume yokumisela i- Iraq War . Kwaqala ngo-Matshi 19, 2003, waza watshintsha uSaddam Hussein ngo-Ephreli.
Ngo-2004, iifoto zityhila ukusetyenziswa kwintolongo kwintolongo yase-Abu Ghraib, ibuhlungu ngakumbi imeko. Imfazwe yanda. UBush uthumele "ukunyuka" kwamawaka angama-20 000 aseMelika ukuba ancede amandla okutshintshela kwiinqununu zase-Iraq ngo-2007. Ukusetyenziswa kwemfazwe kwaqhubeka ukunyuka ngexesha lokunciphisa umnotho ngo-2008, njengoko ilizwe lijolise ekukhusekeni kwezoqoqosho ekhaya. Ingqikithi, uBush wachitha i-$ 850 yezigidi kwiimfazwe ezimbini, ngelixa uwandisa imali kwiSebe lezoKhuseleko kunye noKhuselo lwaseKhaya.
Inkcazo yeMali ka-2008
Nangona konke oku kuqhutyelwa, inkathazo yempesheni yemali yokuthengisa imali yayisetyenziswa. Uninzi lwabantu basekhaya babuye bafumana isikweletu semboleko. Amabhanki awafaka imali kwiimali ezilinganayo okanye ngaphezulu kunexabiso lekhaya. Amabhanki ayenzela imali ukuthengisela le mali-mboleko njengengxenye yokubambisa imali . Ukondla umbhobho, befuna iimali-mboleko ezingaphezulu, ekugqibeleni benze iziboleko kumntu nakumntu wonke.
Izinto zaze zaze zaza zaza zafika izindleko zezindlu ngo-2006. Ixabiso leemali ezixhaswe ngemali zithengiswa. Iingxowa zentambo , iinkampani, iimali zempesheni kunye neemali ezizimeleyo ezazisenabo. Kungenxa yokuba iimali zokuqala zemali zachithwa kwaye zavuselelwa, okwenza ukuba izinto ezifumanekayo zingenakwenzeka kumanani. Amabhanki ayeka ukubolekisa omnye nomnye ukwenzela ukuba abangeke abambelele kwii-mortgages ezingenanto.
Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zokubolekwa kwe-interbank zenyuka ngo-2007. I-Federal Reserve yazama ukunyusa ukuthengiswa kwemali ngokunciphisa ixabiso lentengo, kodwa uLibor wayelokhu ekhula . Umgaqo-mali wezemali wawungeke ukwanele ukubuyisela ukuzithemba.
Ngomhla kaJanuwari 2008, iCongress yamkela izibuyekezo zerhafu zaseBush . Le phakheji yeegidi eziyi-168 zeegidigidi yathumela ukuhlola kwiintsapho kunye nabamkeli beNtlalo. Ngelishwa, kwakhona kwaphakamisa umda wokubolekwa kwemali yerhafu yemali yee-mortgage Fannie Mae kunye noFreddie Mac , okwenyusa ama-sheets.
Ngo-Matshi 2008, ezi zibizo ezimbi zatshisa ibhanki yotyalo-mali, i- Bear Stearns . I-Federal Reserve yaqhawula umcimbi wokuyigcina kwi-bankruptcy. Ngethuba lehlobo, uFannie noFreddie bathatyathwa ngu rhu lumente. Kwaphela emva kokuba uLehman Brothers bawa ngoSeptemba ukuba uMongameli Bush wavumelana noNobhala wezeNondyebo uHank Paulson ukukhusela inkqubo yasebhanki yase-United States ekugqabeleni ngokufumana iCongress ukuvumela i- bill yebhansi yebhanki ye- bhiliyoni eyi-700.
Inkcitho yemali ka-2008 yabangela ukuba amaxabiso ezindlu awele kuma-31.8 ekhulwini , ngaphezu kwexesha lokudakumba. Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kwahlala kuphakamileyo, kungaze kube ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezili-9 . Oku akuzange kubalwe ngabasebenzi abathinteleyo abaye bayeka ukuzingela umsebenzi.
Iminyaka Yokuqala Yonyaka kaBush
UGeorge W. Bush wazalwa ngoJulayi 6, 1946, eNew Haven, Connecticut, ngowokuqala kwabantwana abathandathu. Wathuthela eMidland, eTexas njengomntwana xa uyise engena kwishishini lokuloba ioli. U-Bush waphumelela ngo-1968 waseYale, waza wafika e-Texas Air National Guard. Wadunyiswa ngokuhloniphekileyo kwi-Air Force Reserve ngoNovemba 21, 1974. Waya ke eHarvard waza wathola i-MBA ngo-1975.
Wabuyela eMidland, wasebenza kwishishini leoli kwaye wancedisa kwiiprogram zikaSata. Watshata ngo-1977, wayeka ukusela, kwaye kungekudala waba nomdla kwizopolitiko ngokwakhe. Ngowe-1994, wanyulwa igosa laseTexas, ekhonza ezimbini.
UBush wamkhankasela uMongameli ngo-2000, ethembise "imfesane yongqondo" kunye nokubuyela kwimilinganiselo emva koClinton kufuphi nompempozo wokulala ngokuphathelele umcimbi. Oku kwamnika i-double-digit guide phambili kuMongameli we-Al Gore. Ngethuba lonyulo, ii-polls zibonise intamo yesibini nentamo. Enyanisweni, uGore wathola ivoti ethandwayo ngamavoti angama-543,895, kodwa uBhitshi wanqoba amavoti angama-271 ukuya ku-266. Uloyiso lwakhe lwaluxhomekeke kwivoti lika-Florida lokuvota, elawulwayo, lachazwa kwaye lagqitywa ligqitywe yiNkundla ePhakamileyo.
UBush waphumelela ukhetho lwakhe ngokumelene noSenator John Kerry (D-MA) ngo-2004 kunye nevoti eyi-51. (Umthombo: "UGeorge W. Bush," iNdlu ye-White House. "UGeorge W. Bush," Biography.com.)
Ulawulo lwe-Bush Isihlandlo
Amatyala ( iiligidi) | Imilinganiselo engasebenzi | Iindleko ze-WOT (iibhiliyoni) | Isiganeko | |
| 2000 | $ 5.7 | 3.9% | I-NASDAQ ifakwe ngoMatshi 10, 2000 kwi-5,048.62. | |
| 2001 | $ 5.8 | 5.7% | Ukubuyisela. EGTTRA. 9/11. | |
| 2002 | $ 6.2 | 6.0% | $ 33.8 | IMfazwe yaseIraq |
| 2003 | $ 6.8 | 5.7% | $ 53.0 | I-Medicare Part D |
| 2004 | $ 7.4 | 5.4% | $ 94.0 | JGTTRA |
| 2005 | $ 7.9 | 4.9% | $ 107.6 | UMthetho woKhuselo weBhanki |
| 2006 | $ 8.5 | 4.4% | $ 120.4 | Isiqhwithi uKatrina. Umkhuhlane we-swine |
| 2007 | $ 9.0 | 5.0% | $ 173.6 | UDow uhlahlela i- 14 164.43 ngo-Oktobha 9 . |
| 2008 | $ 10.0 | 7.3% | $ 197.6 | U qoqosho . Lehman iyawa. |
| 2009 | $ 11.9 | 9.9% | $ 79.0 | TARP |
Ezinye iinkqubo zooMongameli zoQoqosho
- UDonald Trump (2017 - 2021)
- UBarack Obama (2009 - 2017)
- U-Obama noButy bafanisa njani?
- UBill Clinton (1993 - 2001)
- URonald Reagan (ngo-1981 ukuya ku-1989)
- URichard Nixon (1969 - 1974)
- ULyndon B Johnson (1963 - 1969)
- UJohn F. Kennedy (ngo-1961 - 1963)
- UFranklin D. Roosevelt (1933 - 1945)
- Utywala Ubuthatyathwa Njani Ngaphandle Kwezinye iiPresident Republic?