Iinyaniso Ezintle Ngamaxabiso Okunakekelwa Kwempilo eMelika
Uninzi lwabantu bahlawula iibhili njengoko banako, emva kwexesha. Kodwa iipesenti ezingama-16.5 zithatha ixesha elide ngaphezu konyaka ukuba zihlawule.
Omnye u-8.9 wamaphesenti akakwazanga ukuhlawula konke.
Iziphumo zeendleko zezempilo eziphakamileyo
Kulabo babenenkathazo yokuhlawula iibhilikhwe zabo zonyango, iipesenti ezingama-73 zikhutshwe kwizinto zokutya, iimpahla okanye irente. Amashumi ama-60 ekhulwini asetshenziselwa ukugcina imali. Amaphesenti angaphezu kwama-40 athatha umsebenzi owongezelelweyo ukuhlawula iibhili.
Phantse enye kwisine ekunciphiseni emva kokuthatha imishanguzo yabo yonyango. Ngokomzekelo, umntu omnye akakwazanga ukuhlawula i-$ 1,200 ngenyanga ngenyanga yakhe ye-insulin. Wanciphise umthamo, kwaye isifo sikashukela sakhe sagqithisa. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-30 zahlehliswa ukufumana unonophelo lokulandela. Oku kuqhuba iingxaki zempilo ezantsi kwendlela.
Ukunyuka kweendleko zezempilo kunyanzelekile iipesenti ezingama-34 ukukhawuleza ityala lekhredithi yemali ephezulu. Ipesenti ezilishumi elinesibhozo zathatha ezinye iimali-mboleko, ngelixa iipesenti ezingama-13 zibolekwe kwi-daydayer payday.
Ezi ntsapho azizange zihlwempuzeke, eziqhelekileyo zigqitywe nguMxicaid. Esikhundleni saloo nto, i-sibini kwisithathu kwaba ngabaphathi bezindlu kwaye abathathu-bahlanu babephumelele kwiikholeji.
Babengama - American -middle-classers ababethe ngeentlawulo ezinkulu, ezingalindelekanga, ezingaphandle kwezokhuseleko. Abo bafumana i-inshurensi yabucala babekho i-17,749 yintsapho nganye. Abo balahlekelwa yinshurensi ngexesha le nkqubo babhekana ne-$ 22,658 kwiibhili. Abo bangena-inshurensi ngokuqinisekileyo babethwa kakhulu, kwi-$ 26,971 nganye intsapho.
Inombolo 1 yeBhanki?
Ngo-2015, i-Kaiser Family Foundation yabona ukuba kukho abantu abadala abayi-1 abavakalisa ukuchithwa kwezokwelapha . Uphando lwe-Nerdwallet ka-2013 lufumene ukuba iipesenti ezingama-30 zaxhaswa ngamakhadi abo okuthenga ngetyala, ngelixa iipesenti eziyi-8 zanyanzeliswa ukuba zihlawulwe ngenxa yokugula kwabo.
Okuphazamisa ngakumbi kukuba i-78 ekhulwini yabo yayine- inshorensi yempilo eyahluleka ukufihla zonke iindleko zabo. Iipesenti ezingamashumi ayisithupha zaye zahlulwa yi-inshurensi yabucala, kungekhona i-Medicare okanye iMedicaid. Izigidi ezilishumi zazo ziya kufumana iindleko zonyango abazikwazi ukuhlawula ngamnye unyaka, ngenxa yezicwangciso ezidityanisiweyo.
Ababenayo i-inshurensi baphumelela njani ngeemali ezininzi? Ngaphambi kokuba i-ACA, abaninzi banqunywe yimingcele yonyaka kunye nobomi . Abanye babanjwe xa iinkampani zomshuwalense ziphikisana namabango okanye zacima nje umgaqo-nkqubo xa zigula.
Kodwa nangona emva kwe-Obamacare, abaninzi babengakulungele ukuxhunywa okuphezulu kunye neentlawulo ze-inshurensi. Ngo-2017, iipesenti ezingama-31 ze-insured zifumene nzima ukufumana ii-copays. Oku kunyuka kuma-24 ekhulwini ngo-2015, ngokutsho kovavanyo lwe-Kaiser Family Foundation. Ngokufanayo, ama-43 eepesenti afumana amaxabiso athatywayo kakhulu, xa kuthelekiswa nama-34 ekhulwini ngo-2015.
Nkunkuma
Ipesenti ezingamashumi amathathu zemali yokunakekelwa kwempilo iya kuchitha inkunkuma. Iinkonzo ezingadingekile, ezifana nokugqithisa i-antibiotiki, zichitha i-210 210 billion ngonyaka. Iindleko zolawulo lweempapasho zongeza i-$ 190 billion. Abasebenzi bokuhlawula kufuneka baqhube amabango ahlukeneyo ngamnye kumakhulu amabhunga ahlukeneyo yinshuwalense.
Ezinye zee ntlawulo ezingalunganga zivela kwi-Medicare, Medicaid, kunye neNkqubo ye-Intshuwalense yeMpilo yabantwana. Nangona ixabiso elikhulu, ziingcipheko ezincinci zeebhajethi zeenkqubo.
| Inkqubo | Isixa (2014) | Ipesenti yeBhajethi |
|---|---|---|
| LweMida | $ 60.0 billion | 9.9% |
| Uxilongo | $ 17.5 billion | 6.7% |
| CHIP | $ 600 yezigidi | 6.5% |
Iindleko zobuqhetseba malunga ne-$ 200 billion ngonyaka. Oku kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwee-painkillers. Isiko sase-US soLawulo lweZifo sigqiba ukuba abantu abayizigidi ezili-12 basebenzisa izidakamizwa zemithi yezizathu ezingekho mthethweni ngo-2010.
Kule mihla, kwakukho abantu abadala abangama-170 000 "ogqirha," ukufumana izidakamizwa ubuncinane kwiingcali ezi-5.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagumbi aphuculweyo
Ngo-2001, oogqirha begumbi loxinzelelo bachithe isiqingatha sexesha labo kwizigulane ngaphandle kwinshuwalense Ezi zi gulane zagqitywa nguMedicaid, ngenxa ye-EMTALA. Kodwa iMedicaid ibeka iintlawulo zayo. Ngenxa yoko, izibhedlele zanikezela i-46.4 billion zeentlawulo kwiinkathalo eza kufuneka zibhaliswe njengetyala elibi.
I ziphoso zonyango
Iziko lezeMpilo lafumanisa ukuba izigulane ezingama-210 000 kunye ne-440,000 zifa rhoqo ngonyaka ngenxa yeziphene zonyango kwizibhedlele. Okulingana ne-10 jumbo jets iyaphazamisa ngonyaka.
Uninzi lweZifo eziNinzi
Izifo ezibiza kakhulu ziyi-diabetes, i-$ 26,971 nganye kwintsapho, kunye neengxaki ze-neurological ezifana ne-sclerosis ezininzi, ezibiza ama-34,167.
Iindleko ezinkulu kunazo zonke izibhedlele, ezibangele isiqingatha se-bankruptcies. (Umthombo: "I-US Health Care Spending: Ngubani omelayo?" I-California Care Care Foundation, ngoJulayi 2014.)
Amaphesenti ambalwa ebemi laBantu abanikezela ezininzi Iindleko
Ipesenti enye yabemi ibangela iipesenti ezingamashumi amabini ezindleko zempilo. Ngo-2009, malunga nabantu abayizigidi ezi-3 basebenzisa imali engaphezu kwama-90,000 nganye. Abantu abadala bachitha loo mali ngonyaka emva konyaka. Oku kuthelekiswa nama-50 ekhulwini labantu abachitha imali engama-236 engama-30 ngomntu ngamnye.
Iibini zantathu zala bathathi abaphezulu bancinane ubuneminyaka engama-55 ubudala. Phantse ama-25 ekhulwini aneminyaka engama-75 okanye ngaphezulu. Abaninzi baye balahlekelwa amandla okuzinyamekela.
Amaphesenti angaphezu kwama-90 abadli abaphakamileyo abanezifo ezingapheliyo Izifo eziqhelekileyo zixinzelelo lwegazi eliphezulu, isifo sikashukela kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu. Ukwanda kwezi zifo kuyanda. Esi esinye sezizathu ezine ezenza ukuba unyango lwezempilo lufanele luguqulwe .
Iindleko zeDrug
Kubo bonke abadlali kwicandelo leenkonzo zonyango, abavelisi beziyobisi bemithi bayayinzuzo. Udokotela kunye neenzuzo ezibhedlele zezibhedlele zi-3.7 ekhulwini kuphela. Izicwangciso zezeMpilo ipokothwa ngaphantsi, kwi-3.2 ekhulwini. Oku kungenxa yokuba kufuneka ukuba benze iinkampani ezahlukeneyo kwilizwe ngalinye. Abanalo ukufumana amandla okwaneleyo okubambisana nezixhobo zelizwe kunye neenkampani zonyango.
Ngenxa yoko, abavelisi bezixhobo zonyango bagcina i-9,5 ekhulwini yengeniso yabo. Isixhobo sonyango kunye nenzuzo yenkampani yokubonelela i-12.5 ekhulwini. Iinkampani zeziyobisi zenza ama-20.8 ekhulwini. Bathi yinto yokuba kufuneka benze uphando oluninzi kwiminyaka ukuphuhlisa imveliso yezobisi.
Isikhundla seMpilo yaseMzantsi Afrika
I-World Health Organization ithi iUnited States ine-37 yononophelo yezempilo ehlabathini lonke. Unomdla wexesha lobomi obuphezulu kakhulu kwi-34. Kodwa ukufa kwabantwana base-US kubangama-47. I-Medicaid ihlawula isiqingatha sazo zonke izibeleko.
Indlela ekuchaphazela ngayo
Kunceda ukuba ube ne-inshorensi eyaneleyo. Ngonyaka ka-2001, phambi kokuba i-Obamacare ingatshintshiselwano, ii-21.3 ekhulwini zezindlu zabika ukuba zinengxaki zokuhlawula iindleko zonyango . Ngonyaka we-2016, loo nto iwele kwiipesenti ezingama-16.2. Ezi zigidi ezili-13 zimbalwa zaseMerika.
Olu pho nonongo lubonisa ukuba kubalulekile ukuba ukhangele i-inshurensi yempilo njengawo nawuphi na uhlobo lomshuwalense. Kukho ukukhusela iimpahla zakho zezimali. Ngoko ke, jonga ngokukhawuleza kwii- deductibles , iintlawulo zentsebenziswano kunye ne-out-of-pocket costs ngaphezu kweentlawulo zakho zenyanga zenyanga. Thelekisa isicwangciso sakho esele sikhona, ukuba unayo, ukuba ungayifumana njani enye ingxaki kwimicimbi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukuba awunayo i-inshurensi, qiniseka ukuba wenze okufanayo xa uthengela i-inshorensi entsha.
Ukuba unokukwazi ukufumana imali engama-5,000 okanye i-$ 10,000 echithwayo, oko kuyacaca ukuba uhambe ngenkokhelo ephantsi. Ukuba loo nqanaba ephezulu echithwayo iya kukusula, ke ukuhlawula ngaphezu kwenyanga nganye kuyafaneleka - nangona kuthatha i-bite enkulu kakhulu ekuphumeni kwakho kwemali.