Kutheni iziphumo ezingabuyiswanga kwiCreat Recession
I-Census ibhalela iindidi ezimbini zeerhafu. Iintsikelelo zithatha yonke imivuzo kwaye izahlula ngenani labantu ababikayo. Ingeniso yemali yindawo apho isigamu sabantu senza ngaphezulu nesiqingatha senze ngaphantsi. Ingeniso yengeniso isoloko iphakamileyo.
Kungenxa yokuba abantu abambalwa abenza imali eninzi kakhulu bayayiphakamisa imiphumo ephezulu. Ngokwentsingiselo, baninzi ngaphezu kwabo baninzi abenza imali ephantsi. Oko kunika ukuqikelelwa okungachanekanga kuba kuthintela ukungalingani kwemali e-United States. Ngoko ke, ezininzi iingxelo zisebenzisa iholo lemali.
Iingxelo zemivuzo yabangeniso kwimigangatho emithathu eyahlukileyo.
- Ingeniso ngomntu ngumvuzo ngamnye kumntu ngamnye oneminyaka eli-15 okanye ngaphezulu. Kuyaziwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengengeniso nganye .
- Ingeniso yentsapho imyinge yentsapho yabantu ababini okanye abaninzi abahlala kwindlu. Ziyakwazi ukudibana nokuzalwa, umtshato, okanye ukutholwa.
- Umvuzo wemali ngumvuzo ophakathi kwabo bonke abantu abahlala kwiyunithi yezindlu. Akunandaba ukuba bahlala bodwa, okanye nentsapho, okanye iqela labantu abangabandakanyekanga.
Ingeniso yangempela isusa imiphumo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ukuthelekisa amanqanaba engeniso malunga nexesha, kufuneka usebenzise ingeniso yangempela. Imali yengeniso ingayinaki iindleko zokuphila.
Kwakhona ukwahlukana phakathi kwe- GDP eyiyo .
Xa ukhangela umvuzo osemyingeni, kufuneka uqaphele oko kulinganiswayo ngokuthe ngqo. Njalo ubeke isigqibo sokuba ingaba ithetha okanye ithetha. Fumana ukuba ngaba yi-capita, intsapho okanye ikhaya. Ekugqibeleni kodwa kuncinci, qiniseka ukuba uyazi ukuba uyinyani okanye utyunjwa.
Ubalo lwabafundi bachitha imyingeniso yemali kumaqela amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka ubudala, ubudlelwane nomzi, ubuhlanga, imfundo, kunye nohlobo lwezindlu. Ibika iingeniso zengeniso kwi-increment $ 2,500. Ubalo luya kukhupha ingxelo elandelayo, ngo-2017 umyinge wemali, ngenyanga kaSeptemba 2018.
Imali ekhoyo yangoku
Ingeniso ye-2016 yomyinge womntu ngamnye yi-$ 31,099. Ingeniso yengeniso nganye yayizi-46,550 yezigidi. I-Census Bureau ibika ingxelo kwi-Survey Population Survey, iTable PINC-01.
Imali engenayo yangaphakathi yemakhaya ingeniso ye-$ 59,039 ngo-2016. Leyo yowokuqala ingeniso iphumelele kwinqanaba le-2007 le-58,149. Kananjalo iphinda iphezulu kunenzuzo ye-$ 57,230 yama-2015. Ukunyuka kokuqala ukususela kwi- Great Recession kwaba ngo-2015. Zonke zichazwe ngee-dollar ezingama-2016. Inkcazo yengxelo yengeniso yekhaya kwiTable A-1.
Urhulumente wephondo usetyenzisela umvuzo wekhaya ophakathi ukubeka amahlwempu. Oko kuqikelela ukufaneleka koxhaswa kwe- Obamacare neenkqubo zezenhlalakahle .
Imali engenayo yentsapho ye-median yayiyi-$ 72,707 ngo-2016. Leyo iphakamileyo kune-2007 u-71,024 wama-dollar (njengoko kulinganiswa ngeedola ezingama-2016). Kukho ngaphezu kwezinga le-2015 lama-71,590. Urhulumente usebenzisa inzuzo yentsapho malunga neenjongo zobalo, njengokuba kuxela ubuhlwempu .
Ubalo lwengxelo lubhala iingeniso zentsapho kwiTable F-6.
Umvuzo weMelika Umyinge usuphelile
Itheyibhile engezantsi ithelekisa utshintsho kwimali engenayo ngo-2001 no-2008. Iziphumo azizange ziqalise ukuphucula ukufika ngo-2006, njengokuba imbewu yeengxaki zemali ka-2008 yayitsalwa. Yilapho i-Fed iphakanyisiweyo inzala. Njengoko iimali zokuthenga imali zabiza kakhulu, izindlu zawa. Ukuguqulwa kwemali kuqale ukuphakama. Kodwa le nkathazo ayizange isasaze kwi-uwonke-jikelele kuze kube ngo-2008. I-Dow ibetha phezulu ngoNovemba 2007.
Uninzi lwemisebenzi eyadalwa ngaphambi kokunciphisa imali kwiinkonzo zezezimali kunye nokwakhiwa. Le mi sebenzi ayizange ibuye ngo-2009. Kunoko, imisebenzi yayisezindaweni ezihlawulekayo ezinjengeentengiso kunye neenkonzo zokutya. Abaqashi abaninzi baqeshe abasebenzi bexeshana okanye abazimeleyo kunokuba banike izikhundla ezizeleyo.
Ukwenza izinto zibe zibi nakakhulu, urhulumente akazange enze imisebenzi. Ulawulo lwe- Bush luthembele ekutyaleni kweerhafu kunye nemali yokusebenzisa imali ukuze kuphuculwe uqoqosho. Akunjalo nabadali bomsebenzi abahle. UMongameli Obama unengcamango efanelekileyo ekuchithweni okungakumbi kwimfundo nakwimisebenzi yoluntu. Ezi zintlobo zeeprogram zizosombululo zengqesho ezingcono.
Emva koonyulo luka-2010 lwangaphakathi, i- Republican ininzi kwiCongress igxile ekunciphiseni ityala kunokudala amathuba emisebenzi. Izinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi lawa, njengoko abantu behlile ngaphandle kwabasebenzi, kodwa imali engenayo ayizange ivuke.
Ngo-2013, i-Fed yenza into enokuyenza ngokugcina amanani entengo ephantsi. Kodwa loo mazinga aphantsi adala ibhola ye-aseset kwimarike yemasheya, eyabetha phezulu. Ngelo xesha, amazinga emvuzo ngenqanaba eliphakamileyo aphakama ngokukhawuleza.
Ngo-2014, iteknoloji entsha kwi-shale oil drilling yandisa imali eMount, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska. IWashington DC kunye namazwe azungezile (eNtshona Virginia, eVirginia naseMaryland) iphinde iphuculwe. Kodwa imali yawela kunye namaxabiso eoli.
Ngo-2015, amanqanaba okufumana ingeniso aphakama njengoko ukungaqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Le meko iphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo ngo-2016, xa ingeniso igqithise umyinge wokugqibela.
Imali Yemali Yemali Yemveli Yomlando, Ukukhula koqoqosho, kunye nokungasebenzi
| Unyaka | Ingeniso | Tshintsha | Ukukhula kweGDP | Imilinganiselo engasebenzi | I zi ganeko |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | $ 55,218 | 2.1% | 4.5% | 4.7% | Inkathazo yaseAsia . |
| 1998 | $ 57,248 | 3.7% | 4.5% | 4.4% | I-LTCM . |
| 1999 | $ 58,665 | 2.5% | 4.7% | 4.0% | Y2K uloyiko. |
| 2000 | $ 58,544 | -0.2% | 4.1% | 3.9% | I-NASDAQ ibhobho. |
| 2001 | $ 57,246 | -2.2% | 1.0% | 5.7% | EGTRRA . 9/11 ukuhlaselwa . |
| 2002 | $ 56,599 | -1.1% | 1.8% | 6.0% | Imfazwe kwiSibetho . |
| 2003 | $ 56,528 | -0.1% | 2.8% | 5.7% | JGTRRA . |
| 2004 | $ 56,332 | -0.3% | 3.8% | 5.4% | Ukukhula kwamashishini. |
| 2005 | $ 56,935 | 1.1% | 3.3% | 4.9% | Iziphumo ziphucula. |
| 2006 | $ 57,379 | 0.8% | 2.7% | 4.4% | Amaxabiso aphakanyisiweyo. |
| 2007 | $ 58,149 | 1.3% | 1.8% | 5.0% | Inkathazo ye-Subprime. |
| 2008 | $ 56,076 | -3.6% | -0.3% | 7.3% | Inkathazo yezemali . |
| 2009 | $ 55,683 | -0.7% | -2.8% | 9.9% | ARRA . |
| 2010 | $ 54,245 | -2.6% | 2.5% | 9.3% | Ukwaphulwa kwentlawulo ka-Obama . |
| 2011 | $ 53,401 | -1.6% | 1.6% | 8.5% | Amanyathelo okulungisa . |
| 2012 | $ 53,331 | -0.1% | 2.2% | 7.8% | Bona i- US 2012 . |
| 2013 | $ 55,214 | 3.5% | 1.7% | 6.7% | LFPR ihla. |
| 2014 | $ 54,398 | -1.5% | 2.6% | 5.6% | I dollar eqinile . |
| 2015 | $ 57,230 | 5.2% | 2.9% | 5.0% | Izinga lokungasebenzi emsebenzini . |
| 2016 | $ 59,039 | 3.2% | 1.5% | 4.7% | Uhlanga lomongameli . |
| 2017 | Ayifumaneki | 2.3% | 4.1% | ||
(Imithombo yetheyibhile: "Uphando lwamaLuntu waseMerika," Itafile F.6., Ubalo lwabantu base-US, ngoSeptemba 2017. " Ukukhula kweGDP ngonyaka ," " Umyinge weNgqesho ngonyaka .")
Intlupheko
Ngenxa yokunyuka kwemali engenayo, ama-43.1 yezigidi zaseMerika zihlala ngaphantsi kwe -poverty poverty limit . Ngo-2016, loo nto yayingama-23,339 engama-4. Oku kungaphezulu nje "kwezibhenkethi eziqhelekileyo," njengabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe abangekho mthethweni, abahlali abangenasemzini kunye nabahlali beentlalo. Nguwo wonke umntu wesithathu odibana naye namhlanje. Oku kwenzeka ntoni?
Ngo-2008, umvuzo wangempela wancipha u-0.8 ekhulwini. Umvuzo wangempela ulinganisa amandla okuthenga yentsapho yengeniso. Nangona umvuzo wenyuka ngama-3,7 ekhulwini ngo-2008, amaxabiso akhula nangakumbi.
Amanqanaba omvuzo wase-US anyanzelekile ukukhuphisana namazinga okuhlawula kumazwe angaphandle njengaseTshayina naseNdiya . Zineendleko eziphantsi kakhulu zokuphila. Ngelo xesha, imfundo kunye nekhono lobuchule bemisebenzi yabo landa. Ukongezelela, iteknoloji kunye nokusabalala kweNgesi kwenza kube lula ukuqesha abasebenzi bangaphandle. Ukuchithwa kwemali kuye kwawa kunzima kumaziko okufowuni kunye neprogram yekhompyutheni. Ubuncwane bufuna iinkampani zase-US ukuba ziqeshe abaqeshwa abangezantsi, abanezakhono. Ngaphandle koko, baya kulahlekelwa isabelo semarike kumaqhinga angamazwe ngamazwe.
Ingaba umvuzo omncinci ungagcina uphumelele? Ewe. Enyanisweni, ukuba ufumana umvuzo omncinci we-US wama-7.25 ngeyure, kwaye nguwe kuphela onondliwa yintsapho yezine, uya kuba phantsi komgca-ntlupheko. Umvuzo omncinci uhlawula umqeshwa wesikhathi esigcwele i-$ 15,080 ngonyaka. Oku kungaphantsi kwe-$ 23,050 efunekayo ukugcina intsapho ingabikho kwintlupheko (ilingana ne $ 10.60 ngeyure).
I-Congress iye yagcina umvuzo omncinci ngokufanayo ukususela ngo-2009. Ukuba umvuzo omncinci wawulungisiwe kwiindleko zokuphila kwiminyaka engama-40 edlulileyo, ngoku kuya kuba ngu-10.10 ngeyure. Ukuba yayigcinwe ngokunyuka kwamazinga okuhlawula umvuzo, kuya kuba yi-$ 23 / iyure. Emva koko umvuzo omncinci wawuba ngumvuzo ophilayo .
Ngelo xesha, amaxabiso okutya kunye neoli ayenyuka, xa idola liye lancipha phakathi ko-2000 no-2006. UMthetho wamanzi oCocekileyo wenyusa amanani ngokuchithwa kwezityalo kwi-ethanol. Okuye kwaphakamisa intengo yengqolowa, isondlo sokuqala sokutya kwenkomo, kunye nokukhokelela kwixabiso eliphezulu lokutya .
Imali Yenqanaba eliphakathi
Inkathazo yezoqoqosho yase-United States yasasaza intlungu evezwe ngamahlwempu aseMelika kunye nabasebenzi abasweleyo kumgangatho ophakathi . Ngoxa iindleko zokutya kunye nepetrolli zenyuka, imivuzo yahlala enye. Isiphumo esicacisa kumgangatho ophakathi kukhokelela kumanqanaba angenakwenzeka ngaphambili. Iintsapho zithatha ityala lekhadi lesikweletu ukuba lihlawule ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. (Imithombo: "Itheyibhile 1. Imali kunye neZiphumo zoShwankathelo iMilinganiselo yezinto ezikhethiweyo: ngo-2014 no-2015," Ubalo lwabantu base-US. "
Namhlanje, udidi oluphakathi luhamba ngokukhululeka koqoqosho lwabani baseMelika. Bayakwenza ukuba baye kwiiklasi eziphezulu. Indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu isemfundo. Kodwa uphando lubonisa ukuba kunzima ukuba amahlwempu abe nobutyebi. I-rags-to-wealth in the promise of American Dream iye yaphela.
Ngokubanzi : Imbali yexabiso le-Oil | Izinga lokungasebenzi kwabasebenzi ngonyaka Umatyala kaZwelonke ngonyaka Ixabiso leminyaka ngonyaka IGDP ngonyaka IiRhafu zoPhuhliso lweGDP ngonyaka Amanani eGolide ngonyaka