Uninzi Kangakanani Ukuphila?
Injongo yomvuzo ophilayo kukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo banemali eyaneleyo yokuhlala ngaphaya kwezinga lohlwempu .
Umvuzo ophilayo awubandakanyi izixhobo eziphambili ezifunekayo ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi okanye ukukhusela ngokukhawuleza.
Umzekelo, awuboneleli ngeniso eyaneleyo yokutya kwiindawo zokudlela, ugcine ixesha lokuvula, okanye uhlawule ngemali-mboleko yemfundo. Akubandakanyi unyango, imoto, okanye abaqashi / nabanini-bhorensi yabanini. Ngamanye amazwi, kunele ukugcina uphume kwindawo yokukhusela yokuhlala, kodwa usenokuhlala uhlala ehlawula ukuhlawula. Ukuba awukwazi ukuthenga i-inshorensi, kwaye ugule, usenokungena ndawo.
Living Wage Calculator
Umbala wokubala umvuzo ubonisa ireyithi yehora efunekayo ukuhlawula iindleko eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezikhoyo. Ezi ndleko zidla ngokutya, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukurenta, ukuthutha, ukunakekelwa kwabantwana kunye nentlawulo. Uqikelelo lweendleko ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa kwiinkqubo zikaRhulumente kunye neengeniso zendleko kwiindleko.
I-MIT inikeza i-Live Wage Calculator eyaziwayo. ISikhungo sathuthukise ngo-2004 kwaye siyihlaziya ngoJuni 2012. I-calculator ibonisa iindleko kummandla ngamnye wama-50 kunye nomvuzo ophilayo ofunekayo ukuhlawula ezo ndleko eziphambili.
Ithelekisa oku kumvuzo omncinci, kunye nomvuzo weendlala. Kwakhona kubonisa ukuba yiyiphi imisebenzi kule ndawo ihlawula ngaphantsi komvuzo ophilayo.
I-Economic Policy Institute yenze i-Living Wage Calculator ijoliswe kwintsapho kunye nabantwana. Kwakhona kwasebenzisa idatha ye-federal kwiindawo eziphambili zedolophu.
Ukususela ekugqibeleni ukuhlaziywa ngo-2008, iindleko zokuhlalutya ubomi ziphantsi.
Phulo loMvuzo
Injongo yomkhankaso wempesholo yokuphila ukuqinisekisa ukuba umvuzo omncinci ulingana neendleko zokuphila. Eli phulo lidla ngokubhekiselele kumanqanaba karhulumente nakwasekhaya, kunye nakwizinga likazwelonke. Ezinye iiprojekthi zijolise ekuhlawuleleni umvuzo ophezulu kunabininzi kulabo abafumana izivumelwano zorhulumente wengingqi. Abanye bazama ukujongana nokuphakamisa umvuzo omncinci kubo bonke abasebenzi baseburhulumenteni.
Iphulo lokuhlawula umvuzo yinto ebangelwa ngabantu abavoti. Kungenxa yokuba ama-60 ekhulwini aseMerika ayenayo, ngexesha elinye ebomini babo, ehlawulwe umvuzo omncinci, kwaye uyazi ukuba uvakalelwa njani. Inkxaso iye yanda njengoko ukungalingani kwengeniso e-United States kuye kwanda. Nangona uninzi lwabantu luchasene nezibonelelo (njengenzuzo yokungabikho kwemisebenzi) kwabo bangasebenzi, bathanda ukubona abasebenzi abasebenza nzima.
Kukho iiprogram ezininzi zokuphila.
- Ukuphakamisa Umvuzo Omncinci - Usebenza neProjekthi Yomsebenzi kaZwelonke wokuSebenza ukuze kulungelelaniswe iimkhankaso zemivuzo ephilileyo kulo lonke ilizwe.
- I-ACORN - Eli qela elincinci ngoku liphakamisa ngokuphumelelayo umvuzo omncinci kwizixeko ezininzi ezweni lonke ekupheleni kwee-1990. Ekuphakameni kwayo, kwakukho iintsapho ezingama-400 000 ezizahlulo ze-1,200 ezikuloo mizi engama-75 yase-US.
- Umkhankaso we-Universal Living Wage Campaign - Eli qela lifuna ukubopha ukwanda kwimivuzo encinci kwiindleko zezindlu. Injongo yalo ayifunayo ukuba ahlawule ngaphezulu kwe-30 ekhulwini yengeniso yezindlu. Ipesenti ezingamashumi amathathu ngumlinganiselo ocetyiswayo wonxweme.
Umvuzo ophilileyo kunye nomvuzo omncinci
Umvuzo ophilileyo uhlala udidekile kunye nomvuzo omncinci . Enyanisweni, le miqathango isetyenziswa rhoqo. Kungenxa yokuba injongo yomvuzo omncinci ukubonelela ngomvuzo wokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, umvuzo osisiseko ngumlinganiselo obekwe ngumthetho, kanti umvuzo ophilayo uzimisele ngeendleko. Imali efunekayo ukubonelela ngomvuzo ophilayo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezibandakanyiweyo ekubaleni. Inani elibekwe ngabenzi bomthetho kumvuzo omncinane kufuneka liqwalasele iimfuno zoshishino kunye nabasebenzi. Kufuneka baqwalasele kwakhona impembelelo jikelele kwizoqoqosho.
Nangona umvuzo osisiseko wawusetyenziselwe ukuvumela abasebenzi ukuba banelungelo lokungabikho kwintlupheko, kaninzi abazange bahambisane neendleko zokuphila. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi balabo abenza umvuzo omncinci bahlala phantsi kwe-poverty line line. Abanye bangaphezulu koko, kodwa abanako ukwenza ngokwaneleyo ukuze bafumane imfundo ukuze bafumane umsebenzi ohlawulekayo. Abanye bahlala ehlawula ukuhlawula.
Esinye isizathu sokuba umvuzo omncinci uphantsi komvuzo wokuphila kukuba awugcinanga neendleko zokuphila. Ukuba yayingeniswe kwi- index index yabathengi kwiminyaka engama-40 edluleyo, umvuzo osisiseko uza kuba yi-$ 10.41. Ukuba yayigcine ijubane kunye nokunyuka kwenqanaba lokuhlawula, kuya kuba yi-$ 23 / iyure. Yingakho abaninzi abantu bafuna ukuphakamisa umvuzo omncinci.
Umvuzo wokuphila kunye neNqanaba lentlupheko
Inqanaba lentlupheko elisemthethweni liyi $ 23,050 kwintsapho yezine. Oku kufana ne $ 10.60 ngeyure yomsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele. Umqeshwa owenza umvuzo omncinci we-$ 7.20 ngeyure uza kuba phantsi kwezinga lehlwempu. Yingakho bobabini abazali kufuneka basebenze imisebenzi engaphantsi kwemvuzo ukuze bahlale ngaphezu kwelihlwempu.
Ukwenza izinto zibe lula, umntu ongenamntu kufuneka afumane i-$ 11,170, okanye i-$ 5.21 yeyure ukuba ibe ngaphezu kwentlupheko. Kuloo mntu, umvuzo omncinci uya kuba wanele.
Umvuzo ophilayo ngokumalunga noMgangatho oNcinane weNqanaba loMvuzo kunye neNtlupheko
Kwaye abo benza umvuzo omncinci kunye nokuphila ngaphezu kwenqanaba lehlwempu abakwenza umvuzo wokuphila. Ngokomzekelo, isixeko esincinci kunazo zonke kwilizwe iWinston-Salem, eNorth Carolina. I-MIT yokubala i-calculator salary ithi umntu oyedwa kufuneka afumane i-$ 8.11 / iyure ukuze ahlale apho. Ejongene nezindleko zezindlu, ezonyango, zokutya nezokuthutha.
Ezinye iidolophu zinomvuzo omncinci ophezulu kunezinga likazwelonke, ukuxazulula le ngxaki. Umzekelo, wesibini isixeko esincinci seSpanish, e-Illinois. Apha, umvuzo ophilayo u-$ 7.89. Ekubeni umvuzo omncinci wesizwe awunelanga, umzi wakhulisa umvuzo omncinci ukuya kuma-8.00 / iyure. Oku kwanele umntu omnye, kodwa unganqongophala kwintsapho yezine, efuna i-$ 17.78 ukugubungela iindleko eziphambili. Nangona bobabini abazali basebenza ixesha elizeleyo, benza i-$ 16.00 / iyure, akwanele.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku ubona ukuba kutheni umvuzo wokuphila okhohlakeleyo unzima ukuphumeza. Ihlukahluka ukusuka kwisixeko ukuya kwisixeko, kunye nommandla ukuya kummandla. Amadolophu amaninzi kunye namazwe ahlawulele umvuzo wabo omncinci kwimali yokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ehlawulela nayiphi na ukunyuka kweendleko zokuphila. Ukuba urhulumente kufuneka azame ukubeka umvuzo wokuphila kuwo wonke umntu, kuya kufuna ukucwangciswa nokucwangcisa. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ihluke ngommandla, kunye nobukhulu bentsapho. Xa urhulumente efumana loo nkcukacha, ufumana uqoqosho lolawulo. Oku kuvimbela iinguqu zendalo zorhwebo, kwaye zikhokelela kwiziphumo ezimbi ezingalindelekanga.
Kuza kubakho ingxaki efanayo ekumiseni imali engenayo yendalo yonke . Kuqinisekisiweyo karhulumente ukuba wonke umntu ufumana ingeniso encinci. Ingcamango izuze ukuthandwa njengendlela yokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwemisebenzi ebangelwa yi-teknoloji.
Urhulumente unendima esemthethweni ekumiseni umvuzo omncinci. Kumele uqalise ukukhuselwa kwabasebenzi kunye nokukhusela uhlobo olubi kakhulu lokuhlawula. Kodwa akuyona inxaxheba karhulumente ukukhusela abasebenzi ngexabiso loqoqosho olusempilweni.