Yintoni iBhajethi yeSithili?

Ingaba isebenza kanjani?

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwama-federal luqikelelo lukaRhulumente lwemali kunye neengeniso kunyaka ngamnye wezezimali . Ingeniso kubarhulumente abaninzi bavela kwiirhafu . Ezi zibandakanya irhafu kwiimali zentsapho, inzuzo yoshishino, kunye nokungeniswa kwempahla (imisebenzi yesithethe kunye neerhafu ). Kwakhona kubandakanya iirhafu kwimisebenzi karhulumente ufuna ukuphazamisa, njengokubhema ugwayi kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala. Emva koko kukho iirhafu kwimisebenzi, njenge-petroli, ukuhlawula imisebenzi ehambelana nayo, ezo ndlela zakhiwo.

Amanye amazwe anamashishini, afana neenkampani zeoli. Imali evela kwiinkampani zikarhulumente inika ingeniso kulaba rhu lumente.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Federal kwizinto ezizuzisa uluntu. Phantse bonke oorhulumente basebenzisa ukhuseleko loluntu kunye nokukhusela, ukuthutha kunye nerhwebo. Uninzi lukwabonelela ngeentlawulo zentlalontle, nokuba ingahlawulwanga umhlala-phantsi, umhlalaphantsi kunye nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Imali esetyenzisiweyo ibonisa iimpawu nezinto eziphambili kuluntu.

Xa urhulumente echitha ixesha elingaphezulu kunokuba lithatha, liyaziwa njengengeniso yokuchitha imali . Yenza ilahleko lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali . Ukunciphisa ingeniso kunye nokwehliswa kwentela kudala ukungonakali. Ulwaphulo lonyaka ngamnye lufakwe kwi- ityala elilawulayo . Bobabini zixhobo zolawulo lwezemali olwandisiweyo . Bandisa ubutyebi ngokupompa imali engaphezulu.

Imali iyaboleka kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba kwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, umgaqo-nkqubo wokwandisa uza kukhulisa uqoqosho ngokwaneleyo ukuhlawula ngokukhawuleza ityala xa kuza.

Ukuba zenziwe kakubi, ziza kuhlawulela izizukulwana ezizayo kunye nomthwalo ongenakunceda.

Unokufumanisa ukuba ilizwe linomthwalo onomthwalo ozinzileyo ngokujonga i- debt-to-GDP ratio . I-GDP ibhekiselele kwimveliso engaphantsi kwemveliso yomhlaba , kwaye inokulinganisa umlinganiselo wonyaka wezoqoqosho. Inkokhelo enempilo kumlinganiselo we-GDP kufuneka ibe ngama-77 ekhulwini okanye ngaphantsi, ngokweBhanki yehlabathi.

(Umthombo: "Ukufumana iNdawo yokuThoma," iBhanki yehlabathi)

Ukuchitha imali engaphantsi kweengeniso kubangela intsalela yebhajethi. Ukunyuka kweRhafu kunokudala intsalela ezimbini zombini zisetyenziselwa umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali olwaphulo-mthetho ukunciphisa ukukhula koqoqosho. Okususa imali kwi-economic current ngokubuyisela ukuhlawula ityala elizayo. I-surplus yebhajethi inqumla ibhola eliyingozi xa uqoqosho lukwimeko yesigxina somjikelezo wezoshishino . Kwakhona kuyadingeka xa ubukhulu besikweletu-kuya-GDP bungaphezulu kwama-100 ekhulwini. Esinye isigqibo somgaqo-nkqubo wokuchasana niselo yamanyathelo .

Ibhajethi ye-Federal Federal

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwamazwe ase-US lixabiso lemali kunye neengeniso zonyaka ozayo wonyaka wezimali kaRhulumente wase-US. Iqhutywa ngo-Oktobha 1 ukuya kuSeptemba 30.

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwamazwe ase-US lunamacandelo amabini enkcitho engavamile. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olufunekayo luhlawulela izibonelelo ezibekwe phambi kweZenzo zeCongress. Ezi ziquka ukuKhuseleko loLuntu, iMediare, iMedicaid kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezinjalo. Oluhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luqikelela iindleko zokulawula izibonelelo. Ayikwazi ukutshintshwa ngaphandle komnye uMthetho weCongress. Khangela iNkonzo eQinisekayo yangoku .

Inzala kumatyala kazwelonke kufuneka ihlawulwe kwakhona, nangona ayinxalenye yebhajethi efunekayo. Ukuba intsingiselo ayihlawulwa, i-United States iye yahlawula ityala layo .

Olunye udidi luyinkcitho yokuqonda . Uninzi lwale luya kubhajethi yempi, isabelomali esikhulu sesibini emva koKhuseleko loLuntu. Ulawulo lwezinye iimali zezinye iarhente karhulumente. Ezi ziquka iMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu, Isebe lezoBulungisa, kunye ne-Treasury yase-US. Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, khangela iNdlu yokuSetyenziswa kweMali e-US yangoku.

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwamazwe ase-US luqhuba ngokusilela. Kungenxa yokuba uMongameli kunye neCongress bahlanganyela kwinkqubo yokwandisa. Fumana i- Current Budget Deficient . Ukubona ukuba le nto ihluke njani kwiminyaka eyandulelayo , jonga ukulahlekelwa nguMongameli kunye noThathaka ngoNyaka .

Ukubona indlela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwangoku luhlangene ngayo, jonga ukutshabalaliswa kweBhajethi ye-Federal Federal Current.

Ngubani owenza iBhajethi yeSithili?

UMgaqo-siseko unikela i- US Congress amandla phezu kwebhajethi yesigqeba.

Isiqendu 1, iSahluko 9, sithi, "Akukho mali iya kubanjwa kwiNondyebo, kodwa kwiMiphumo yoLwabiwo olwenziwa nguMthetho."

Inxaxheba yomongameli kukungenisa isingeniso sebhajethi kwisiphakamiso. Ucela zonke i-arhente ze-federal ukuba zingenise izicelo zabo zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. I-Ofisi yoLawulo kunye neBhajethi ibandakanya ezi zicelo. UMongameli angenise le bhajethi kwiCongress. Ngokuqhelekileyo kulandela olu bhajethi njengesikhokelo sokwenza isisombululo sesabelomali. Oku kusetyenziselwa ukudala ibhilidi yemali. Ezi zindleko zinika imali kwiindidi ezahlukileyo zearhente karhulumente.

Inkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali ihlala iinyanga ezili-18. Nantsi isimiso sohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-FY 2018, owokuqala ukuba ungeniswe nguMongameli iTrump.

2016

• Ukuwa kwexesha lokuqala: Ii-arhente zaseburhulumenteni zihambisa izicelo zebhajethi kwi-OMB
• NgoNovemba: I-OMB ithumela izimvo zayo kwi-arhente.
• Disemba: Ii-Arhente zihambisa isicelo sokugqibela sebhajethi ku-OMB.

2017

• NgoJanuwari: I-OMB ihambisa ibhajethi kumongameli.
• NgoFebruwari: UMongameli uhambisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-FY 2018 kwiCongress.
• Ngo-Apreli 15: INgqungquthela ilungiselela iSigqibo seBhajethi.
• NgoJuni 10: Inkomfa idala iBhili yoLwabiwo-mali.
• NgoJuni 30: Indlu iyavuma yonke iindleko kwaye ibathumela kuMongameli.
• NgoSeptemba 30: Zonke iibill kufuneka zisayinwe kumthetho.

Leyo inkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali isetyenziswe ngumthetho ngo-1974 uMthetho woLawulo lweBhajethi. Nangona kunjalo, le shedyuli ayisoloko ilandelwa. Xa kungenjalo, iCongress inika isisombululo esiqhubekayo sokugcina urhulumente usebenze de uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luvunyiwe. Xa oko kungenzeki, urhulumente uyavala .