Iiprogram ze-Federal ezidla iBhajethi ephilileyo
I-Congress yakha iinkqubo ezigunyazisiweyo phantsi kwemithetho ebizwa ngokuba yigunya. Le mithetho yaqinisekisa ukuba iCongress kufuneka ivumeleke nayiphi na imali efunekayo ukuze kugcinwe iinkqubo.
Isabelo esisigxina sebhajethi yase - US siqikelela ukuba kuya kuba neendleko ezinjani ukuzalisekisa le mithetho yokugunyazwa. Ezi qi kelelo zenziwe yi-Ofisi yoLawulo kunye neBhajethi.
I-Congress inganciphisa kuphela inkxaso yeeprogram ngokuguqula umthetho wokugunyazwa ngokwawo. Oku kufuna ukuba uninzi lwamavoti angama-60 kwi-Senate. Umzekelo, iCongress ilungise uMthetho woKhuseleko loLuntu ukudala iMedare. Ngenxa yoko, iiprogram ezinyanzelisayo zingaphandle kwenkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulawula ukusetyenziswa kwemali . Ekubeni kunzima ukutshintsha imali enyanzelisayo, ayiyiyo inxalenye yomgaqo-nkqubo wezemali .
Ukhuseleko lasekuhlaleni
Ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalo yinto enye ebalulekileyo yebhajethi yesigqeba. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-FY 2019 luya kubiza i-1.046 trillion.
UMthetho woKhuseleko loLuntu we-1935 uqinisekiswe ukuba abasebenzi baya kufumana izibonelelo emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi. Kwakuxhaswa ngemali yerhafu yee-payroll eya kwingxowa-mali yokubambisa eyayisetyenziselwa ukuhlawula izibonelelo.
Ekuqaleni, kwakukho abasebenzi abanempilo eninzi abahlawula kwingxowa-mali kunokuthatha umhlala-phantsi. Oku kwavumela ukuKhuseleko loLuntu ukubonelela ngokuqeqesha kunye nemali kwiimfama kunye nabakhubazekile kwinkqubo yoKhuseleko loNgezelelweyo.
Ukhuseleko lweNtlalo luxhaswa ngemali yerhafu yokuhlawula. Kuze kube ngo-2011, ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalo luqokelele ngaphezulu kwiimali zerhafu kunokuba zihlawulwe kwiintlawulo.
Kungenxa yokuba bonke abaxhamliweyo bahoxiswa kwi-fund, bekukho abasebenzi abatsha abangama-3.3 abahlawula kuyo. Kule minyaka, oku kudala intsalela kwiNgxowa-mali yoThuseleko loLuntu .
Ngo-2008, i-78 yezigidi ze-baby boomers zajika zaba ngu-62 kwaye zaza zilungele ukunciphisa izibonelelo. Kule minyaka engama-30 ezayo, kuya kuba nabasebenzi abancinci nabancinci ngokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ukuxhasa uxolo lweNtlalo ngeentlawulo zerhafu. Ngo-2035, i-surplus iza kupheliswa. Intela yentlawulo yeNtlalo yoKhuseleko iya kukwazi ukuhlawula ipesenti ezingama-75 zeenzuzo ezicetywayo. Abanye beza kufuneka baphume kwi-fund jikelele. I-shortfall epheleleyo ingabhekiswa ngokulula nge-2.22 yeepesenti ezongezelelweyo kwiirhafu zerhafu.
LweMida
I-Medicare iya kubiza i-$ 625 yezigidigidi kwi-FY 2019. Incedisa unyango lwempilo kulabo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65. I-Medicare inamacandelo amabini:
I-Medicare Part A Inkqubo ye-inshurensi yezibhedlele, eqokelela irhafu yentlawulo efanelekileyo ukuhlawula iintlawulo zangoku.
I-Medicare Part B, Inkqubo yoNyango ye-Medical Supplementary kunye neCandelo D, inzuzo entsha yeziyobisi. Iintlawulo zerhafu kunye neeprayimari zihlanganisa kuphela iipesenti ezingama-57 zeenzuzo. Ipesenti ezingama-43 ezisele zixhaswa ngemali evela kwingeniso yerhafu ngokubanzi.
Oko kuthetha ukuba i-Medicare inomdla kwi- budget . Ukunyuka kweendleko zonyango kuthetha ukuba imali epheleleyo iya kufuneka ihlawule i-62 ekhulwini yeendleko ze-Medicare ngo-2030.
Njengoko kuKhuseleko loLuntu, isiseko seerhafu asinakho ukuhlawula oku.
Uxilongo
Iindleko zeMedicaid ziya kuba yi-$ 412 yezigidigidi kwi-FY 2019. I-Medicaid inikezela ngononophelo lwempilo kulabo abanemivuzo ephantsi. Ixhaswa ngemali ngeniso jikelele kubarhulumente bamazwe kunye noorhulumente. Ilawulwa yilizwe.
Ezinye iinkqubo ezinyanzelisayo
Zonke ezinye iinkqubo ezinyanzelisayo ziya kubiza i-$ 656 billion. Ininzi yale nkqubo yenkxaso yenkxaso-mali inikezela uncedo lwasemthethweni kulabo abangenako ukuzibonelela. Elinye iqela lisiza ukugcina iintsapho eziphantsi kwemali ekufumaneni indlala. Ezi ziquka izitampu zokutya, iiKredithi zeNtlawulo zeNtwana kunye neenkqubo zokuNondla kwabantwana. Ezi zintathu zenkqubo zentlalontle ezibandakanya i-TANF, i-EITC, kunye noNcediso lweZindlu. Phantse zonke zihlala zisesigxina, kodwa zikhona. Umzekelo, iProgram yeSondamp yokutya idinga ukuvuselelwa ngokukhawuleza.
Kukho iingeniso zokungabikho kwemisebenzi kulabo abakhishwe. Imali-mboleko yabafundi inceda ukudala abasebenzi abanezakhono. Ezinye iinkqubo zokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kunye nokukhubazeka zikwabo babesakuba ngabaqeshwa baseburhulumenteni. Ezi zibandakanya abakhonzi baseburhulumenteni, uMgcini woLwandle kunye nomkhosi.
Ngomhla ka-2009, iCongress yadlulisela uMthetho woThutho loQoqosho . Oku kwongezwa kwisabelo-mali esisigunyazisiweyo ngo-FY 2010 njengenkqubo ye-TARP, kunye noncedo lwabaninimzi kwi-FY 2011.
Ngo-FY 2010, uMthetho woKhuseleko weMonde kunye noNonophelo loNonophelo olungabonakaliyo waba ngumthetho. Iqulunqwe kwiinkonzo ezintsha zonyango kunye neendleko zonyaka. Kwaye kwandiswa ingqalelo kulabo abaneemeko zangaphambili ezikhoyo, abantwana kunye nalabo ababekwe bucala. Yanika inkxaso kumashishini amancinci kunye nabadala abaphethe iindleko eziphezulu zeziyobisi. Kwakhona kwanika inkxaso-mali yokunciphisa ukunqongophala koogqirha kunye nabongikazi. Iindleko ezigunyazisiweyo ze-ACA ezikhutshwe ngerhafu ephezulu yokuhlawula iirhafu, iirhafu kwiinkampani zonyango zonyango kunye neentlawulo eziphantsi kwizibhedlele.
Ukusetyenziswa kweMvume okuMthethweni kukuchaphazela njani uqoqosho lwe-US
Xa kuninzi uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luya kuzalisekisa iinkqubo ezinyanzelisayo, urhulumente unako ukuchitha imali encinane kwiinkqubo zokuqonda. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinga eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa kwemali lithetha umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali onzima kwaye ungaphenduli. Le yidala elide lokukhula kwezoqoqosho.
Kutheni Kuqhubeka Ukukhula
ICongress inexesha elinzima lokunciphisa inzuzo enelungelo phantsi kwiprogram enikwe igunya. Uninzi lubona ukuzibulala ngenxa yezopolitiko ngenxa yokuba ukuchithwa okunjalo kuqinisekisa ukuchaswa ngabavoti ngeliqela elifumana iinzuzo ezimbalwa. Esi sizathu esinye sezizathu ezifunekayo zokusetyenziswa kwemali ziyaqhubeka zikhula.
Esinye isizathu kukuba ukuguga kweMelika. Njengoko abantu abaninzi bafuna uxolo lwezeNtlalo kunye ne-Medicare, iindleko kule nkqubo zimbini ziza kuphinda ziphindwe kabini kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo.
Oku kuncedisa kwiinkcitho zempilo eziphezulu . Ukongezelela, ukuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe kuvumela izifo ezininzi ukuba ziphathwe. Oku kuza kwiindleko eziphezulu. Esi sisinye isizathu sokuba uMongameli Obama acele ukulungiswa kwezempilo .
Abantu abaninzi abaqapheli ukuba inzuzo yangempela yoMthetho woNonophelo ongenakunciphisa ixabiso. Okokuqala, ihlawulela ukunakekelwa kokukhusela , unyango lwe-Medicare kunye nabaxhamli beMedicaid ngaphambi kokuba bafune unyango lwezonyango oluxabisekileyo. Okwesibini, luvuza oogqirha ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zonyango, ngokuchasene nokuzihlawulela ukuhlolwa kunye nenkqubo nganye. Okwesithathu, kuncedwa ukuhambisa iirekhodi zezokwelapha kwiziko lekhompyutha. Oko kuvumela izigulane ukuthatha ubuninzi bobunakekeli bempilo yabo. Kwakhona kunika oogqirha idatha yangoku kwiinkqubo ezinonophelo zonyango.
Kunzima kunoma yiphina igosa elikhethiweyo kwiCongress ukuvota ukunciphisa kwezi ntlawulo. Ngubani onokuvota ukunqumla umvuzo we-Grandma, imfama okanye umlindi? Ukongezelela, amaninzi kula maqela ngoku anama-lobbyists anamandla, njengengxelo ye-AARP, onokunyula ukhetho kunye nenkxaso. Kulula, kunye nezobupolitika, ukugunyaza iinkqubo ezintsha. Ukuzibulala kwezombusazwe ukuzinqumla.
Umzekelo omhle wolu luqulelo lwezempilo. Kwagqitywa ngo-2010 kodwa ngeendleko ezinkulu zezopolitiko. Uninzi lwabantu baseCongress abavotelayo balahlekelwa isihlalo sabo sithuba sexesha eliphakathi kwabaviwa abavela kwi- Party Party . Oku kunxamnye nesithembiso sawo ekunciphiseni uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olufunekayo ngokunciphisa iindleko zonyango, kunye nokuhlawula inkampani yonakekelo lwempilo ngakumbi kwi-Medicare neMedicaid. Ukufumana okungakumbi, khangela iMpilo kunye neBhajethi .
I-Budget Dilemma efunekayo
Iimbali zithetha ukuba, ngezinye iinkalo, iKongano kufuneka ilume le bullet kwaye iguqule imithetho edale le nkqubo. Ngo-2025, abo bangaphezu kwama-65 baya kuba ne-20 ekhulwini labantu. Njengoko ama-boomers ashiya abasebenzi kunye nokufaka izicelo, zenzeke izinto ezine:
- Ipesenti yabasebenzi abangaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala engama-55 ayinikezeli ngeniso eyaneleyo ngeentlawulo zerhafu ukuxhasa iingeniso zeNtlalo.
- Ukukhula koqoqosho kuyancipha njengoko iindleko zikaRhulumente ziya kuba zijolise kuphela ekuhlawuleleni iintlawulo zale nkqubo.
- Inkokhelo ye- US ifika kufuphi nomthwalo osisigxina weJapan we-200 pesenti ye- debt-to-GDP ratio .
- I dollar inobuthathaka njengabatyalomali kwiintlawulo zeeNondyebo zitshintshela kwii-currenti kumazwe anethemba elikhulayo lokukhula.
Iinqununu ze-FY 2019 kunye neNgaphezulu
Ngenxa yoko, iCongress izakukhetha phakathi kwezinto ezintathu ezimbi. Akukho namnye kubo okulungileyo kwezoqoqosho.
Okokuqala, vumela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ukuba luye kwiintlawulo zeNtlalo. Oku kuya kunyanzelisa ukutyunjwa kwindleko zokukhusela, into ebalulekileyo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Kwakhona kuya kunqanda amandla karhulumente ukuba avuselele uqoqosho ngokwemali .
Okwesibini, ukwandisa ubukhulu becala lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ukuxhaswa le nkcitho yonyuka, iirhafu ziza kuphakanyiswa okanye ityala linyuswe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuphuculwa kwezoqoqosho.
Okwesithathu, ukunciphisa inani lokuxhamla elihlawulwa kubaqeshi. Le yimeko enokwenzeka kakhulu. Oku kuya kubangela ukuba i-boomers ikwazi ukuqhubeka isebenza. Kuya kufuna uMthetho weCongress ukutshintsha umthetho okhoyo.
Inzala kwiTyala
Nangona kungenjalo ngokusemthethweni inxalenye yoluhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olufunekayo, umtsalane kumatyala kazwelonke nawo unyanzelekile. Nge-FY 2019, kucetywayo ukuba yi-363 yezigidigidi zeebhiliyoni. Esi siqhekeza esikhulu sebhajethi yee-$ 985 billion .