Ukutshabalaliswa kweBhajethi ye-US

by Kimberly Amadeo

Iimpawu zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nefuthe kwi-Economics yase-US

Kunyaka- mali ka- 2019, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwama - federal budget ngu-4.407 trillion. Urhulumente wase-United States uqikelela ukuba uya kufumana i-3.422 trillion kwi-revenue. Oku kudala u-$ 985 weebhiliyoni ngo-Oktobha 1, 2018, ngo-Septemba 30, 2019.

Ukuchitha imali kwintlobo ezintathu: Iimfuneko (i-$ 2.739 trillion), i-Discretionary ($ 1.305 trillion) kunye neNzala kwiTyala likaZwelonke ($ 363 billion). Eli nqaku linika ukuphazamiseka ngokubanzi kwento nganye. Unokufumana iinqununu kwiibhajethi ezidlulileyo ekupheleni.

01 Ingeniso

Urhulumente waseburhulumenteni uza kufumana i-$ 3.422 trillion kwingeniso. Uninzi lweerhafu luhlawulwa nguwe, mhlawumbi ngenkokhelo okanye irhafu yentela:

Iirhafu zerhafu zifaka imali eyi-1.622 trillion, okanye i-49 ekhulwini yeerithi.
Ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalontle, i-Medicare, kunye nezinye iintlawulo zerhafu zongeza i-1.238 trillion, okanye iipesenti ezingama-36.
Iirhafu zorhwebo zinika i-$ 225 billion, okanye iipesenti ezi-7.
Iirhafu zerhafu kunye neerhafu zifaka i-$ 152 billion, okanye iipesenti ezi-4.
Iintlawulo ezivela kwi-Federal Reserve zibambe i-$ 55 billion okanye i-2 ekhulwini. Lezo ziintlawulo zenzalo kwi-Arhente ye-Nondyebo yase-US i-Fed etholakale ngokuthotywa kwemilinganiselo .
Iintlawulo zezindlu kunye nezinye iintlawulo ezifumanekayo zibonelela ngeepesenti ezi-2 ezisele.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba umhlawuli-ntlawulo ngamnye usebenza kude kube ngu-Apreli ngamnye ngonyaka ukuhlawula yonke imali efunyenwe yintlangano. Loo Usuku lweNkululeko yoRhumo . Ngaba unokucinga malunga nayiphi na enye into oyithengayo oyisebenzisayo nzima kwaye ide?

02 Ukuchitha

Urhulumente uya kuchitha i-$ 4.407 yezigidigidi. Uninzi lwale (iipesenti ezingama-62) luhlawula iintlawulo ezigunyazisiweyo, ezifana noKhuselo loLuntu, iMirari, kunye neMedicaid.

Inzala kwisikwere sikazwelonke i $ 363 billion. I-Nondyebo yase-US kufuneka ihlawule ukuba iphephe i-debt ye-US. I-United States inenhlanhla kuba iirhafu zenzalo ziphantsi. Inqwelo-moya ehlabathini lonke ekukhuselekeni kweemfuno zamanqaku eNondyebo, amaxabiso aphantsi. Ngoku ukuba uqoqosho loqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe luqinisa, ukuveliswa kwe-Nondyebo kukhula. Kuya kuba njalo inzala yentlawulo. Inzala kwi-$ 20 trillion ityala sele sele likhula ngokukhawuleza.

Iipesenti ezingama-38 zesabelomali zihlawulela zonke izinto. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-discretionary expenditure. Inkomfa ishintsha loo mali ngonyaka. Isebenzisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukaMongameli njengesiseko sokuqala.

03 Ukunyanzeliswa kweMvume

Inkcitho efunekayo yi-$ 2.739 yezigidigidi. Ukhuselo lwezeNtlalo luyindleko enkulu kakhulu, kwi-1.046 yezigidigidi zamaRandi. I-Medicare ilandelayo, kwi-$ 625 yezigidigidi ezilandelwayo, zilandelwa nguMedicaid kwi-$ 412 yezigidigidi.

Iindleko zoKhuseleko loLuntu okwangoku zifunyenwe ipesenti ezili-100 ngeerhafu zomvuzo kunye nomdla kwiirhafu zokuhlawula ezithe zadlulileyo. Kuze kube ngowama-2010, kwakukho ukungena kwiNgxowa-mali yeNkcazo yeNtlalo kunokuba ihlawulwe. Ngombulelo kwimali kutyalo-mali, i- Trust Fund isasebenzisa intsalela. Kodwa, iBhodi yeTrust Fund iqikelela ukuba le ntsalela iya kugqitywa ngo-2036. Ingeniso yeNtlalo yeNkcazo, evela kwiirhafu zerhafu kunye nemali efunyenweyo, iya kubandakanya kuphela iipesenti ezingama-77 zeenzuzo ezithembiselwa abahlala phantsi.

I-Medicare isele ihlawulwe ngemali. Iirhafu zonyango azihlawuli zonke iintlawulo, ngoko ke le nkqubo incike kwiirhafu zerhafu jikelele ukuhlawula inxalenye yayo. I-Medicaid i-100 yeepesenti exhaswa ngemali yi-fund jikelele.

04 Ukuchithwa kwengqondo

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luyi-$ 1.203 yezigidigidi. Ingaphezulu kwesiqingatha iya kwiindleko zemikhosi, kuquka neSebe leMagxala kunye namanye amasebe anxulumene nokukhusela. Bonke abanye kufuneka bahlawule zonke ezinye iinkqubo zasekhaya. Eyona mikhulu kakhulu yeeNkonzo zeMpilo kunye noLuntu, iMfundo, kunye neZindlu kunye noPhuhliso loMmandla.

Kukho ingxowa-mali engxamisekileyo ye-111.4 yezigidigidi zeebhiliyoni ezingabandakanywa kwinkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Uninzi lwalo (i-$ 88.9 yezigidigidi) luya kwiiNkqubo zokuPhathwa kweeNgqungquthela zoLuntu kwi-Overseas Ukuhlawula iimfazwe.

05 Ulwabiwo lwezempi

Ukusetyenziswa kwemali kuhlahlowe kwi $ 886 billion. Iindleko ezinkulu kakhulu kwiSebe loKhuseleko lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali , kwiibhiliyoni ezingama-597.1 zeebhiliyoni. Ukusebenza kweeNtshonalanga kweeNkcitho kuya kubiza i-88.9 billion.

Ukusetyenziswa kwemikhosi kubandakanya i-181.3 yezigidigidi zamasebe ezinxulumene nokukhusela. Ezi ziquka ukuKhuseleko lwaseKhaya, kwiSebe leSizwe , kunye neMicimbi yezoLutsha. La masebe afumana inkxaso-mali engxamisekileyo ye-$ 18.7 yezigidigidi. Ukufumana okungakumbi ngemali yomkhosi, yibona iMfazwe kwiindleko zoKhuselo , iMfazwe e-Iraq Iindleko kunye nomphumo wezoqoqosho ngo-9/11 .

06 Ukusilela

Ibhajethi yebhajethi iya kuba yi-$ 985 yezigidigidi. Ngulo phaya phakathi kwe $ 3.422 trillion kwingeniso kunye ne $ 4.407 trillion kwiindleko. Ukufumana okungakumbi, jonga Ukulahlekelwa nguMongameli kunye noThathaka ngoNyaka .

07 Indlela ukulahleka kweeNkcitho kubandakanya ngayo kwiTyala likaZwelonke

Unyaka ngamnye, ukulahlekelwa kwetyala kudibanisa amatyala e-US , sele sele iphantse i-$ 20 trillion. Emva kwexesha elide, irhafu kubantwana bethu nabazukulu. Oku kulindeleke ukuba irhafu ithinte ukukhula koqoqosho , njengokushayela imoto ngamabhuleki. Esi sisinye sezizathu zokuba ukukhula kwe-US akuzange kuphuluke ngamandla kwihlabathi.

Emva kwexesha elide, ityala elikhulu liyanciphisa idola. Abatyalomali bayanqikaza ukuthenga i-Treasurys, besaba ukuba abayi kubuyiselwa. I dollar ebuthakathaka inegunya lokuthenga elincinci kunye nokuthengiswa kwezinto ezizweni, okwenza kubize ngakumbi. Oku kubangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso .

Njengoko uqoqosho luyifumana, ukungaphumeleli kwenkcitho kufuneka kuphetshwe ukunciphisa umthwalo wetyala kazwelonke. Ewe, abapolitiki abacebisa iinkqubo ezidumileyo bahlala beqhelile, ngokwabo, kukhetho olulandelayo.

08 Inkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali

I- Ofisi eLawulayo yoLawulo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lilungiselela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Umongameli uyithumela kwiCongress okanye ngaphambi koMvulo wokuqala ngoFebruwari. I-Congress iyaphendula ngokusetyenziswa kwemithetho-mali eyayiya kumongameli ngo-Juni 30. UMongameli unemihla elishumi ukuphendula.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, umhla wokugqibela wokuvunyelwa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngoSeptemba 30. Ukuba ingagunyaziwe, urhulumente angawunqanda, njengoko wenza ngoJanuwari 2018 nangama-2013 . Ukuze ugweme oko, iCongress idlula isisombululo esiqhubekayo. Ugcina urhulumente asebenza kwiimali zokuchitha ibhajethi yokugqibela.