Ufutshane kaRhulumente uVimba phantsi koFebruwari 9
Ukuvalwa koRhulumente ka-US 2018 kuchazwe
Phakathi kobusuku ngoJanuwari 19, ngo-2018, urhulumente wombuso uvale malunga neentsuku ezintathu. I-Senate yahluleka ukudlula isisombululo sokuqhubeka kwenkcitho kude kube ngoFebruwari 16, 2018. AmaRiphabhlikhi ayengenakufumana i- Democrats eyaneleyo kumavoti angama-60 ayifunayo. Isisombululo esiqhubekayo sisilinganisi sokumisela ukuthenga ixesha lokudlulela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lonyaka-mali ka-2018 .
Iidemokhrasi zafuna i-mthetho-mthetho ukuba ikhusele abavela kwamanye amazwe afanelekileyo kwiCandelo eliMiselweyo lokuFunyanwa kwabantwana. Ukuba iCongress ayiyi kulungiswa ngokusisigxina, icebo lika-Trump lokufuduka liya kuphelisa inkqubo ngoFebruwari. Abanye abaRiphabliki bavotela eli bhali. Bafuna ukugxila ekudluliseni isabelomali esigxina kunokuba esinye isisombululo esiqhubekayo.
NgoJanuwari 22, iCongress iphelile ukuvalwa. Yaphumelela isisombululo esipheleleyo esaphelweni phakathi kobusuku ngoFebruwari 8, 2018. Iiphabliki zathembisa ukusebenza kunye namaDemokhrasi kwimithetho ye-DACA.
NgoFebruwari 9, urhulumente uvale kwakhona, ngeli xesha kwiiyure ezintlanu neyure. I-Senator Rand Rand waphikisana ne-bipartisan ye-billing bill. Yongeze ngaphezu kwe-$ 300 yezigidi kwi-matyala.
Umthetho osayilwayo ugqithise imali yokuchitha imali esetyenziswe ngokulandelwa. AmaRiphablikhi akhulisa imali yokukhusela i-$ 80 billion ngonyaka ukuya kwiiRandi ezingama-629 zeebhiliyoni.
Ukulandelwa kweemali kuye kwafikelela kuma-549 billion. Iidemokhrasi zongeze iibhiliyoni ezingama-60 ngonyaka ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwemali ye-nondefense. Oku kungentla komda wokulinganisa i $ 516 billion. Lo mthetho-mali uquka iiligidi eziyi-80 zeebhiliyoni kwiinkcenkcesho kunye ne-6 billion yezigidi ukuphatha umlutha we-opioid. Kwakhona kufaka iibhiliyoni ezi-7 zeebhilidi ukuxhaswa kumaziko empilo oluntu kwiminyaka emibini. Imirhumo yeRhafu yongeze i-R17 billion.
Okwangoku, uMthetho woNgeniso lweRhafu kunye neMisebenzi wawubangele umgaqo -mali we-Pay-Go . Umgaqo we-Pay-Go udinga ukusika ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-Medicare xa ukonakala kweerhafu kukwandisa intsalela. Iiphablikhi zaseRephabliki zinokuba nexesha elinzima ukukholisa amaDemokhrasi, aphikisana nomthetho werhafu, ukukhupha umthetho. Ngaphandle kokuxoshwa, isenzo somrhoxiso siza kunyanzela iCongress ukunciphisa i-Medicare nge-$ 25 yezigidigidi ngo-2018. Iya kunciphisa iinkqubo ezigunyazisiweyo nge-$ 150 yezigidigidi kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo.
Yintoni eyenzekayo xa uRhulumente evala
Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olucacileyo lwemali yamasebe aseburhulumenteni. Kodwa abo ababonelela ngeenkonzo ezibalulekileyo abavaliwe. Iinkonzo eziyimfuneko zizo zibandakanya ukukhusela , ukhuseleko lwesizwe kunye nokhuseleko. Uninzi lwale arhente lusekwe ukwenzela ukuba lusebenze ngeeveki ngaphandle kwemali-mali. ISebe loKhusela lixwayisa ukuba aliyi kuhlawula abasebenzi bezempi ngexesha lokuvalwa.
Ukhuselo lweMida kunye nokufuduka, ukulawulwa kweendlela zomoya, kunye noLawulo loKhuseleko loThutho kuhlala luvulekile. Isebe loBulungisa lihlala livulekile, kodwa iimvume zeempu aziyi kukhutshwa ngexesha lokuvalwa. I-Postal Service ineemvelaphi ezahlukileyo zemali, ngoko ke i-imeyile iyaqhubeka ihanjiswa.
Nazi awona masebe amakhulu avaliweyo.
- Amashishini, ngaphandle kolawulo lwe-Oceanic kunye ne-Atmospheric Administration.
- LeMfundo.
- Amandla. Imisebenzi ejongene nokhuseleko lwesixhobo samandla enyukliya, amamitha kunye nemigca yokudlulisa ihlala evulekile.
- Arhente yo Khuselo.
- Ukutya kunye noLawulo lweeMithi.
- LezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu.
- LweZindlu kunye noPhuhliso loMmandla.
- Ingaphakathi, kubandakanywa neePaki zeSizwe. ISebe leZangaphakathi livakaliswe ngoJanuwari 19, 2018, loo mapaki aya kuhlala evulekile nangona ukuvalwa.
- INkonzo yeNgeniso yangaphakathi, ngaphandle kwale ntlawulo yokuhlawula irhafu.
- IzaBasebenzi, kubandakanywa neBhunga loLwazi lweeNkonzo.
- NASA .
- Isizwe seZiko lezeMpilo.
- Smithsonian. I-asethi isebenzise imali ngaphambi kokuba ihlale ivuliwe ngoJanuwari 22, 2018.
Isiphumo esiphumeleleyo kubasebenzi baseburhulumenteni abasebenzisanayo nabemi baseMelika abancike kwiinkonzo ezinqunyanyisiweyo. Njengoko ukuvalwa kugcinwa, i-arhente zisebenzisa imali egciniweyo, kunye nezinye iinkonzo ziqala ukuvala.
Ukuba ukuvalwa kuqhubeka kungaphaya kweeveki ezimbini, kuya kuthintela ukukhula koqoqosho. Kungenxa yokuba iindleko zorhulumente, ngokwawo, icandelo lomkhiqizo osekhaya . Igalelo le-18 ekhulwini lezoqoqosho.
Kuthiwani ngoKhuseleko loLuntu, iiMediare, kunye neentlawulo zeMedicaid? Ziyinxalenye yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Oluhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luquka i- TARP kunye noMthetho woNonophelo ojongene noNcedo . Ezi nkqubo azizange zivalwe ngenxa yokuba imali yazo ihamba ngokuzenzekelayo. Zadalwa ngeZenzo zeCongress ezahlukileyo. Inye kuphela indlela iNkcazo inokunquma ngayo imali yabo kunye nomnye uMthetho.
Uxinzelelo lukaRhulumente 2013
2013. Ukuvalwa kombuso kwaqala ngo-Oktobha 1, 2013. INdlu elawulwa yiRiphabhliki ifake isisombululo esiqhubekayo ngaphandle kwemali yolawulo ye- Obamacare . I-Senate yalahla i-bill kwaye yathumela enye eyayiquka i-Obamacare. INdlu ayizange iyayihoxiswa loo bhili. Yathumela omnye emva kokulibazisa igunya lokuba wonke umntu athenge i-inshorensi yempilo. Kwakhona kwasusa inkxaso yeCongress kunye nabasebenzi bayo. I-Senate yayihoxisa loo bhili, kwaye urhulumente uvale.
Okumangalisa kukuba, ukuvala ukuvala akuzange kumise ukugqitywa kwe-Obamacare . Kungenxa yokuba i-85 ekhulwini yemali yayo yinxalenye yoluhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olufunekayo, njenge-Social Security and Medicare. Kwakuye kugunyazisiwe nguMthetho woNonophelo ojongene noNyaka ka-2010 . ISebe lezeMpilo kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu sele liye lathumela imali efunekayo ukuze kuqaliswe i- inshurensi yezempilo .
Nantsi eyenzekayo ngosuku ngalunye lokuvalwa.
Oktobha 1. Iindaba zeTV zibonisa ukuba abadlali bezilwanyana abakwazi ukutyelela iSikhumbuzo seWWII kunye nezigulane zomhlaza angeke zisebenzise izilingo zonyango kwiSizwe seZiko lezeMpilo.
Oktobha 2. AmaRiphabhlikhi abavakalelwa kukuba abamele abaninzi baseMerika. Bathumela umrhumo webhilidi olibazisa u-Obamacare unyaka kwaye umele uqine.
Oktobha 3. Obama ubiza iNdlu ukuba ivote kwisigqibo esilandelayo seSénate.
Oktobha 4. UBohhner ubheka ukuxoxisana nesiphakamiso sesabelo-mali esiza kuxhaswa urhulumente nokuphakamisa ityala. Ngexesha elifanayo, ubiza umnxeba we-Senate ukuthetha nge-Obamacare.
Ngo-Oktobha 5. UNobhala wezoKhuseleko ubiza abasebenzi abasebenzisa abantu abanobuhlanga.
Oktobha 6. INdlu idlulisela ibhaso-mboleko yokubuyisela abasebenzi abasemagunyeni, nakuba bengasebenzi. Kodwa akukho mntu uhlawulwa kude kubekho isisombululo sezimali esaphunyezwayo.
Oktobha 7. UBohhner akayi kuxhaswa urhulumente okanye aphakamise ityala ngaphandle kokuba iiDemokhrasi zivumelane nokunquma i-Medicare, Medicaid kunye ne-Obamacare. Ezi nkqubo ezinyanzelweyo aziyiyo inxalenye yebhajethi yokuqonda evalwe.
Oktobha 8. Indlu yeRiphablikhi inika i-"komiti ephezulu" ukuthetha ngokubhekiselele kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olwamkelekileyo kumabini amaqela. Kodwa iNdemokhrasi yeNdlu ifuna ukuvalwa kuphele kwaye ityala eliphakanyisiweyo liphakanyiswe ngaphambi kokumisela ikomiti leyo. Ukongezelela, i-Senate iDemokrasi inokuthi iphakamise ibhaso-mali yodwa ekuphakanyiseni ityala leetyala.
Oktobha 9. Indlu yamaDemokhrasi idibana noBoehner ngaphambi kokuhlangana noB Obama.
Oktobha 10 uBoehner kunye neqela leeNdlu zeRephabliki bahlangana noB Obama. Baye bacetyiswa ukuphakamisa ityala leetyala ezintandathu kwiiveki ukuvumela ithuba lokuthetha.
Oktobha 11. Emva komhlangano ophumeleleyo, iiRephabliki zeNdlu zibeka ndawonye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngokutshintshela ukunyusa ityala leetyala ezintandathu kwiiveki nokuvula kwakhona urhulumente.
Oktobha 12. Ukuthetha phakathi kukaBoehner no-Obama bawaphula. I-Senate idala isicwangciso sokufumana uxhasano phakathi kwamazwe kunye nokunyanzela iNdlu ukuba ibe nesivumelwano, njengoko yenzayo ngexesha le- crisis leiling crisis 2011 kunye ne- 2012 yeengcipheko zentlupheko .
Ngo-Oktobha 13. Iingxoxo zentsebenziswano ziqhubeka. AmaRiphabhulikhi afuna ukwandisa iimboli zeelyala kwiinyanga ezintathu, ukuxhaswa urhulumente kumanqanaba amanje kwiinyanga ezintandathu, ukuseka ikomiti yeCongress Congress ukuba ivumelane ngokuchitha imali kwiMediare, ukulibazisa irhafu ye-Obamacare kwiinkqubo zonyango iminyaka emibili, kwaye unike ii-arhente ithuba elibanzi ukuphumeza ukulandelelana.
Oktobha 14. I-Senate yamaDemokhrasi ifuna ukwandisa ukuchitha imali eyi-70 yezigidigidi kwiingcingo zokutsalwa kwee-sequestration ezithatyathwe ngoJanuwari, kwaye zifuna ukuhlawulwa kwetyala elikhutshwe ngonyaka. AmaRiphabhulikhi afuna ukucutha kwi-Medicare kunye ne-Obamacare kunye nokongezwa kweenyanga ezi-3-6 zeetyala.
Oktobha 15. INdlu ihambisa isicwangciso sayo, esiye safaka isikhalazo kwiingxoxo zeSenate. Akukho cala leCongress liya kwamkela esinye isiluleko.
Ngo-Oktobha 16. Isicwangciso seNdlu asizange sithole inkxaso yeTe Party Party Republican, ngoko yachithwa. USomlomo uBohhner wabeka i-Senate isicwangciso sokuvota, apho sidlula kwiDemokhrasi kunye nevoti yamaRiphabliki. UMongameli watyikitya ngoLwesithathu ebusuku.
Ngo-Oktobha 17. Umthetho osayilwayo waphakamisa i- debt toiling until February 7, 2014, wavula kwakhona urhulumente waseRussia kude kube nguJanuwari 15, 2014. Wakha ikomidi yenkomfa yesabelomali, ekhokelwa yiSihlalo sohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-Senate uPatty Murray, iD-Wash, kunye neKomiti yeBhajethi yeNdlu. Usihlalo uPaul Ryan, uR-Wisc, ukuba angenise uhlahlo lwabiwo mali kumongameli ngoDisemba 15, 2013.
Ulawulo luka-Obama lubhengeze ukuba ukuvalwa kokunciphisa ukukhula koqoqosho kwimizuzu engama -2 ukuya kwi-0.6 ekhulwini. Kwakhona ixabisa imisebenzi engama-120,000. Urhulumente akakwazanga ukukhupha izatifikethi zeenqanawa ezithwele amazwe angaphandle, kwaye iimvume zokubumba i-200 zalibaziseka. Abasebenzi abayi-850,000 baseburhulumenteni babesele bahlanjululwe ngalunye suku.
Ezinye izibonelo zokuxhoma zikaRhulumente wase-US
Nayi imimiselo xa urhulumente wesigqeba evala okanye aphephe omnye.
U-2017 . Urhulumente wagweme ukuvalwa kwe-Apreli 28, 2017. Yilapho isisombululo esiqhubekayo, esadluliselwa ngoSeptemba 30, 2016, siphelelwa yisikhathi. I-Congress ayifumananga imali kwi- FY ye-2017 yebhajethi , eyayibhalwe ngo-Oktobha 1, 2016, ukuya kuSeptemba 30, 2017. Isisombululo esiqhubekayo sixhaswe ngurhulumente ngexesha lokhetho lonyulo luka-2016 nolwenguqulelo. I-Senate neNdlu ivume i-bill ye-billing ye-Meyi 1, ngo-2017.
Ngo-Matshi 2017, ulawulo lweTrump luthumele isicelo sokongeza ii-14.6 billion zama-billion kwi-budget ye-FY 2017. Kwakudinga ukwandisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwama-24.9 billion, i-Homeland Security ngeebhiliyoni ezi-3 zezigidi, kunye nohlahlo-mali oluphuculweyo ngo-$ 5.1 billion. UTump ucele iCongress ukunciphisa iibhiliyoni ezigidi ezili-10 kuwo onke amanye amasebe. Ukubandakanywa kulo bhajethi kwakuyi-1.6 billion yezigidi ezidongeni lomda waseMexico. Ngomhla ka-Agasti 23, 2017, uTumpom wathembisa ukuba ulawulo lwakhe luya kuvalwa urhulumente ukuba iNkongolo ingabandakanyi imali yodonga.
Amaphabliki amaninzi aphikisana nodonga lomda. Abo bavela eCalifornia, eArizona, eNew Mexico naseTexas babhekana nemiphumo emibi. Bathi udonga aluyi kusebenza, ngokukodwa ngaphandle kwemikhosi yokhuselo. Abanye bacinezeleka malunga nefuthe kwimeko yelizwe labo.
Iidemokhrasi nazo zichasa udonga. Bakhetha ukonga ukusebenzisa imali yokugcina inkxaso ye-Obamacare kunye nezinye iinkqubo zenkcitho yasekhaya. Bafuna ukwandisa iinkqubo zokulutha kwe-opioid kunye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubavukuzi belahle.
Ukuze isisombululo esiqhubekayo sokudlula, ulawulo lweTrump lushiye isicelo sawo sodonga lwemida yedonga. Kwaye kwavuma ukuqhubeka nokubonelela nge-Obamacare inkxaso.
Ngo-Ephreli, iNdlu yaseRephabliki ekhokelwa nguMongameli uBrazil yavuma ukuya kuma-80billion ayizigidigidi ekutshitshiseni ukuchithwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali luka-2011 , ukuvala ukuvalwa. Uninzi lwezicucu zazinkqubo ezingenakuchitha imali kwaye zaziza kwenzeka. Enyanisweni, kuphela ii-38 zamawaka ezigidi ezigidiweyo.
AmaRiphabhliki anike isiphakamiso sangaphambili se-$ 61bhiliyoni kwizicucu kwiinkcitho ezingenakukhusela ukuchithwa kwemali, kubandakanywa izicucu zokuCwangciswa koMzali. Oku kwaye kwavumela u-Obamacare kunye noMthetho we- Dodd-Frank Bank Reform Act ukuba bahlale bengathinteki. Ukunyuka kwabo kwakuya kuba neendleko ze-800,000 imisebenzi. Iidemokhrasi zanikela kwi $ 1.7 yezigidi ngezicwangciso zokukhusela.
Inkomfa yayisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu emva kokuvuma isabelomali se-FY 2011. Kwaye kwaze kwaba ngoSeptemba 30 ukuba ivume uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwama-3.7 trillion kunyaka-mali ka-2012 . Esikhundleni saloo nto, ibeka ingozi kwi-debt ye-US ngokulibazisa ukuphakanyiswa kwetyala leSizwe ngo-Agasti.
1995. Urhulumente uvale kabini: Novemba 14-Novemba 19, 1995, kunye noDisemba 16, 1995 -Januwari 6, 1996. USomlomo waseRiphablikhi weNdlu iNewt Gingrich uzuze iNkontileka yamaRiphabliki ka-1994 kunye neMelika, eyathembisa ukuxhawula imali kunye nokuzisa ukulungiswa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kumgaqo-siseko.
Kodwa akukho zilungiso eziye zadlulelwa, ngoko uGingrich walandela u-Bill Clinton we- FY 1996 uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Wayefuna ukunyuka kwe-Medicare, iMedicaid kunye nezinye izinto ezingenakukhusela ukuchithwa kwemali ngokubuyisela ukunyuswa kwetyala. Ukuze kugcinwe i-US ukuba ingagqibekanga, ibhilidi yesisombululo eqhubekayo yadluliselwa kwaNovemba 13. Xa kungekho mali yokufikelela kwebhajethi. urhulumente uvale ade amacala omabini avume ukulungelelanisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwiminyaka esixhenxe.
Kodwa abazange bavumelane malunga nokuba yeyiphi ibhajethi eya kunqunyulwa ngelixa isigqibo esiphelile. Urhulumente uvale ngomhla kaDisemba 15. NgoJanuwari 1996, zombini macala axoxisana nesivumelwano sokunquma ukuchitha imali kunye nokuphakamisa iintlawulo, ukulinganisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwiminyaka esixhenxe ezayo. (Imithombo: "Iingcali zithi 50/50 uRhulumente uya kuCima ngeveki elandelayo," IWashington Post, ngo-Ephreli 21, 2017. "INdlu yeNdlu Ebonakalayo Inqwenela Ukuvala Uhulumeni," iNew Yorker, ngo-Ephreli 21, 2017. "Ukubulala iSigxina seMatyala," iYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley. "U-Obama uvimbela ukutyhulwa kwiNkqubo zoThando," i-Associated Press, ngo-Ephreli 11, 2011.)