Khangela xa iinguqu ziphuma
Nantsi isishwankathelo sendlela uMthetho utshintsha ngayo irhafu yentlawulo, ukuncitshiswa kwenkathalo yomntwana kunye nomdala, kunye neerhafu zeshishini.
Imali yentlawulo
UMthetho ugcina iibhakethi zerhafu zerhafu kodwa zihlawule iirhafu zerhafu . Abasebenzi baza kubona utshintsho lubonakaliswe ekuthinteleni kwabo kwiimali zokuhlawula zabo ngoFebhuwari 2018. Ezi ntlawulo zibuyela kwii-2017 zamaxabiso ngo-2026.
UMthetho udala ishati elandelayo. Amanqanaba engeniso aya kunyuka ngonyaka kunyuka kwamaxabiso. Kodwa baya kuvuka kancinci kunexesha elidlulileyo kuba uMthetho usebenzisa ixabiso lentengo yabathengi. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, oko kuya kushukumisela abantu abaninzi ukuba bangene kwiibhanki eziphezulu.
| Ireyithi yentlawulo yeNgeniso | Amanqanaba eNgeniso kulabo abafakela njenge: | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2018-2025 | Ongatshatanga | Umtshato-odibeneyo |
| 10% | 10% | $ 0- $ 9,525 | $ 0- $ 19,050 |
| 15% | 12% | $ 9,525- $ 38,700 | $ 19,050- $ 77,400 |
| 25% | 22% | $ 38,700- $ 82,500 | $ 77,400- $ 165,000 |
| 28% | 24% | $ 82,500- $ 157,500 | $ 165,000- $ 315,000 |
| 33% | 32% | $ 157,500- $ 200,000 | $ 315,000- $ 400,000 |
| 33% -35% | 35% | $ 200,000- $ 500,000 | $ 400,000- $ 600,000 |
| 39.6% | 37% | $ 500,000 | $ 600,000 |
Isicwangciso serhafu seTrump siphindaphinda ukutsalwa okuqhelekileyo . Ukuncitshiswa kwefayile enye kukunyuka ukusuka kuma-6,350 ukuya kwi-12,000.
Ukuncitshiswa kwamaFilati abatshatileyo kunye nabadibaniseneyo baphuma ukusuka kwi-12,700 ukuya kwii-24,000 zamawaka . Ibuyela kwakhona kwinqanaba langoku ngo-2026. Kulinganiselwa ukuba ama-94 ekhulwini abakhokhi berhafu baya kuthatha inqununu. UMbutho weSizwe wabakhi beZindlu kunye noMbutho weSizwe we-Realtors uchasene nale. Njengoko abahlawuli berhafu abongezelelweyo bathatha ukuncitshiswa okuqhelekileyo, bambalwa abaza kuxhamla ngenzuzo yokutsalwa kwemali.
Oku kunokunciphisa izindleko zezindlu. Kodwa oku kungaba yinto enhle yokwenza oko. Abantu abaninzi banenkxalabo yokuba imarike yendawo yokuhlala iyindawo ebangela ukuba enye iwele .
Iphelisa ukukhululwa komntu . Ngaphambi koMthetho, abahlawuli berhafu baphupha iRandi 4,150 ukusuka kwingeniso kumntu ngamnye. Ngenxa yoko, ezinye iintsapho ezinabantwana abaninzi ziya kuhlawula irhafu ephezulu nangona uMthetho owenyuka ukunyuswa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.
UMthetho uqeda amaninzi athatywayo . Oku kuquka nezindleko zokuhamba, ngaphandle kwamalungu omkhosi. Abo bahlawula i-alimony abanakuyifumana, ngelixa abo bayayifumana. Olu tshintsho luqala ngo-2019 ukwenzela ukuba umtshato usayinwe ngo-2018.
Igcina ukuncitshiswa kweminikelo yokunceda, ukugcina umhlalaphantsi kunye nomdla wemali mboleko.
Umthetho unciphisa ukuncitshiswa kwintengo yemboleko yemali kwi-$ 750,000 yokuqala yemboleko. Inzala kwimigangatho yokulingana kwemali yekhredithi ayinakutsalwa. Abanini-mboleko abanamhlanje abachaphazelekayo.
Abathengi banokungena kwi-R10 000 kwiirhafu zaseburhulumenteni nakwiindawo . Kumele bakhethe phakathi kweerhafu zepropati kunye neerhafu okanye irhafu yokuthengisa. Oku kuya kubangalisa abahlawuli berhafu kwiindawo eziphezulu zentela njengeNew York neCalifornia.
UMthetho ukwandisa ukwehliswa kweendleko zonyango ngo-2017 no-2018.
Ivumela abahlawuli berhafu ukuba bathathe iindleko zonyango ezingama-7.5 ekhulwini okanye ngaphezulu kwengeniso. Ngaphambi koyilo-mthetho, i-cutoff yayingama-10 ekhulwini kulabo bazalwa emva ko-1952. Abadala basebeneminyaka engama-7.5 ekhulwini. Ubuncinane abantu abayizigidi eziyi-8,8 basebenzisa ukuncitshiswa ngo-2015.
Lo Mthetho uphahla irhafu ye-Obamacare kwabangenayo i- inshorensi yempilo ngo-2019. Ngaphandle kwegunya, i-Ofisi ye-Budget ye-Congressional iqikelela ukuba abantu abayizigidi ezili-13 baya kuhlahlela izicwangciso zabo. Urhulumente uza kusindisa i-$ 338 yezigidigidi ngokungabikho ukuhlawula inkxaso. Kodwa iindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo ziya kuphakama kuba abantu abambalwa baya kufumana unyango olukhuselekileyo olufunekayo ukukhusela iindleko zeendleko ezidityanisiweyo. I-Senator uSus Collins, uR-Maine, avumile i-bill kodwa nje ngokuba uTrump wathembisa ukubuyisela inkxaso kwi-insurers njengoko kuchazwe kwi -Bill Murray-Alexander .
Iibhiliyoni ezi-7 ezixhaswa ngemali-mboleko zihlawulela ukunciphisa iindleko zabemi baseMerika abanomvuzo. Kodwa i- CBO yathi ayiyi kuthoba amaxabiso enkonzo ephakamileyo aphethwe ngumyalelo wokutshitshiswa.
UMthetho uphinde uxolelwe umrhumo werhafu e- state ukuya kwi-11.2 yezigidi ezigidi kunye nezigidi ezingama-22,4 zezibini. Oku kunceda ipesenti ephezulu yabemi abayihlawulayo. Ezi ntlawulo zerhafu ezingaphezulu kwe-4,918 zenza iirhafu eziyi-17 zezigidi zerhafu. Ukukhululwa kubuyela kumanqanaba angaphambi koMthetho ngo-2026.
Igcina iNqanaba elincinci leRhafu . Ukwandisa ukukhululwa kwi $ 54,300 ukuya kwii-70,300 zamaRandi ukuya kwii-angles kunye ne-$ 84,500 ukuya kwi-109,400 zama-akhawunti. Isigaba sokukhululwa kwi-$ 500,000 yee-singles kunye ne-$ 1 yezigidi ukudibanisa. Ukukhululwa kubuyela kumanqanaba angaphambi koMthetho ngo-2026.
Inkathalo yabantwana kunye nabadala
UMthetho ukwandisa iNtlawulo yeNtlawulo yabantwana ukusuka kwi-1 000 ukuya kwi-2,000. Ngaphandle kwabazali abangafumani ngokwaneleyo ukuhlawula irhafu banokubango i-credit ukuya kuma-1,400. Ukwandisa izinga lokufumana imali ukusuka kwi-$ 110,000 ukuya kwii-400,000 zama-taxers abatshafayo.
Ivumela abazali ukuba basebenzise izicwangciso zokulondoloza ama-529 kwizifundo ezizimeleyo nakwii-K-12 zonqulo. Basenokusebenzisa imali ngeendleko zabafundi basekhaya abafundele ekhaya.
Ivumela inkokhelo ye-$ 500 kumntu ngamnye ongekho umntwana oxhomekeke kuyo. Ikhredithi inceda iintsapho ezinakekela abazali abakhulileyo.
Intlawulo yezoshishino
UMthetho unciphisa isantya esiphezulu serhafu ye-shishini ukusuka kuma-35 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-21 eepesenti, i-lowest since 1939. I-United States inomlinganiselo wezinga eliphezulu kwihlabathi. Kodwa ezininzi iinkampani azihlawuli ixabiso eliphezulu. Ngokomyinge, izinga eliphumelelayo li-18 ekhulwini. Amashishini amakhulu anommeli werhafu owanceda baphephe ukuhlawula ngaphezulu.
Iphakamisa ukuchithwa okuqhelekileyo ukuya kuma-20 eepesenti ekudlulileyo kumashishini. Le ntsalelo iphela emva kowe-2025. Amashishini adlulayo aquka i-proprietorship, yodwa intsebenziswano, iinkampani ezithintekayo, kunye neenkampani ze-S. Kwakhona ziquka iinkampani zendawo yokuhlala, i- hedge funds , kunye ne- equity funds . Isigaba sokunciphisa abaqeqeshi beenkonzo xa imali yabo engenayo ifinyelela kwi-157,500 yee-singles kunye ne-315,000 zama-dollar.
Umthetho unciphisa amandla ombutho ukuba athathe iindleko zenzalo ukuya kwi-30 ekhulwini yengeniso . Iminyaka emine yokuqala, ingeniso isekelwe kwi- EBITDA . Ukuqala ngomnyaka wesihlanu, kusekelwe kwimali engenayo phambi kwentlawulo kunye nentlawulo. Oku kwenza kube kubi kakhulu kwiifom zezimali ukuboleka. Iinkampani ziya kuba nzima ukukhupha izibophelelo kwaye zithenge i-stock yazo. Ixabiso lentengo lingawela. Kodwa umda uvelisa ingeniso yokuhlawula ezinye ikhefu zerhafu.
Ivumela amashishini ukuba athathe iindleko zeempahla ezihlaziyiweyo kunyaka owodwa endaweni yokuzilungisela kwiminyaka emininzi. Akusebenzi kwizakhiwo. Ukuze ufaneleke, izixhobo kufuneka zithengwe emva kweSeptemba 27, 2017, nangaphambi koJanuwari 1, 2023.
UMthetho unyanzelisa iimfuno kwiintlawulo zenzuzo . Inzala ethathelwe intela ihlawuliswe kuma-23.8 epesenti endaweni ye-39.6 yepesenti yokufumana ingeniso. Iifenisi kufuneka zineempahla zonyaka ukwenzela ukuba zifikelele kwizinga eliphantsi. UMthetho udlulisela loo mfuno kwiminyaka emithathu. Oko kungabangela ubuhlungu kwi-hedge funds edla ukuthengisa rhoqo. Ayinakuchaphazela imali eyimfihlo yabucala ebambelele kwi-asethi malunga neminyaka emihlanu. Utshintsho luya kuphakamisa i-$ 1.2 billion kwiingeniso.
Lo Mthetho uqeda i-AMT. I-AMT yenkampani ine-20 yepesenti yentlawulo ehlawulwayo ukuba iikhredithi zerhafu zinyusa ireyithi yerhafu ngokufanelekileyo engaphantsi kwama-20 ekhulwini. Ngaphantsi kwe-AMT, iinkampani azikwazanga ukuchitha uphando kunye nophuhliso lwentlalo okanye utyalo-mali kummandla ophantsi-ngeniso. Ukupheliswa kwe-AMT yenkampani idibanisa i-$ 40 billion kwiingxaki.
Isicwangciso serhafu seTrump sitshintshela utshintsho kwi-system "yangoku" yerhafu "kwinkalo" yenkqubo. Ngaphantsi kwenkqubo yehlabathi, iindidi zentlanganisela zihlawuliswa kwingeniso yangaphandle. Abahlawuli irhafu baze bazise iiprojekthi ekhaya. Ngenxa yoko, ezininzi iinkampani zishiye zimile ngaphesheya kwezilwandle. Ngaphantsi kwenkqubo yendawo, abahlawulwanga kwintlawulo yangaphandle. Baya kuba baninzi ukuyibuyisela eUnited States. Oku kuya kunceda iinkampani zonyango kunye nezobugcisa eziphezulu.
Lo Mthetho uvumela iinkampani ukuba zibuyiselwe ii-2.6 trillion zama-dollar zithatha imali yokungena kwemali yangaphandle. Bahlawula ireyithi yerhafu yerhafu ye-15.5 ekhulwini ngemali kunye neepesenti eziyi-8 kwisixhobo. I-Congressional Research Service ifumene ukuba iholide efana neye-2004 ayizange iyenze kakhulu ekukhuliseni uqoqosho. Iinkampani zisasaza imali ekubuyiselwe imali kubanikazi abanini-mali, kungekhona abasebenzi. Ukususela ngo-Matshi 2018, ukuhlawula irhafu kuye kwakhupha inani lokurekhoda.
I-Apple yavuma ukuhlawula i-$ 38 yezigidigidi ukubuyisela ekhaya i-$ 252.6 yezigidi kwiimali ezingaphandle kwemali. Kuya kutyalwa imali engama-dollar ayi-30 kwiindleko ezinkulu, ukudala imisebenzi engama-20,000. Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kungaphakamisa intengiso ye-Treasury. Amaqumrhu abamba ininzi yemali kwiminqaku engama-10 yeNondyebo . Xa bathengisa, ukuthengiswa okweqile kuza kuthumela izivuno eziphezulu.
Ivumela ukubola kweoli kwi-Arctic National Wildlife Res refuge . Kuqikelelwa ukufaka i-$ 1.1 yezigidigidi kwimali engaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10. Kodwa ukubetha kwindawo yokukhusela ayiyi kuba yinzuzo kwaze kwaba yilapho amaxabiso oli-oli angenani i-R70 70.
Igcina iimali zerhafu kwiimoto zombane kunye neefama zomoya.
Iyancitshiswa ukutsalwa kophando lwezonyango kwi-50% ukuya kuma-25 ekhulwini. Iziyobisi zengcwaba zijolise kwizifo ezingaqhelekanga.
UMthetho unciphisa irhafu yesono kwi-bhiya, iwayini kunye notywala . I-Brookings Institute iqikelela ukuba iya kubangela ukuba kufutshane nokufa kwezi-alcohol ezi-1,550 ngonyaka. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba amaxabiso atywala aphantsi ahambelana ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokuthengwa okuphezulu.
Indlela ekuchaphazela ngayo
Isicwangciso serhafu sinceda amashishini angaphezu kwabantu. Ukutyunjwa kwentlawulo yoshishino kusisigxina, ngelixa ukucutshulwa komntu ngamnye kuphele ngo-2025. Kodwa umqeshi omkhulu wobucala ngasese, i-Walmart, uthe iya kuphakamisa umvuzo. Kuya kusebenzisa imali egcinwe yerhafu yokwenza irhafu ukunika iibhonasi zeedola ezili-1000 kunye nokwandisa inzuzo.
Phakathi kwabantu, kuya kunceda intsapho ephezulu engenayo. ISibonelelo soRhafu sathi abo bangama-95-99 ekhulwini kwiiklasi baza kufumana ukwanda kwepesenti ye-2.2 kwimali engenayo yentela emva kwerhafu. Abo bahlala kwi-20-80 yeepesenti yokufumana ingeniso baya kufumana ukunyuswa kwepesenti ye-1.7.
Isiko soMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu sifumene ukusidiliza. Abo bafumana inqanaba lesibini elincinci labahlali baya kubona ukunyuka kwengeniso yabo ngo-0.4 ekhulwini. Abo bahlala kwisihlanu esilandelayo baya kufumana i-1.2% yokukhulisa. Ezi zimbini ze-quintiles ezilandelayo ziza kubona ukunyuka kwawo kwenyuka kwi-1.6 yeepesenti kunye ne-1,9 ekhulwini, ngokulandelanayo. Kodwa ukwanda okukhulu, i-2.9 ekhulwini, kuya kubabakho kwi-top-earning fifth.
Lo Mthetho wenza irhafu yengeniso eqhubela phambili yase-US ingakumbi. Iirhafu zerhafu ziyancitshiswa kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa zinciphisa uninzi lwabahlawuli berhafu abafumana phezulu.
Ukwanda kwexabiso elichanekileyo liya kunceda abahlawuli berhafu abali-6. Ngama-47.5 ekhulwini kubo bonke abafakela iirhafu, ngokwe-Evercore ISI. Kodwa kwiibhanki ezininzi ezingeniso, ezingeke zihlawule ixabiso lokulahlekelwa.
UMthetho ukwandisa ukulahlekelwa yi-$ 1 trillion kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo ngokubhekiselele kwiKomidi edibeneyo yokuRhafu. Uthi lo Mthetho uya kunyusa ukukhula ngo-0.7 ekhulwini ngonyaka, ukunciphisa ilahleko yengeniso ukusuka kwi $ 1.5 trillion kwizicucu zerhafu.
ISibonelelo soRhafu senze uqikelelo oluncinane. Kuthi lo Mthetho uza kwandisa i-$ 448 yezigidi zebhilidi kwixesha eliyiminyaka elishumi elizayo. Ukuhlawula irhafu kuya kubiza i-$ 1.47 yezigidigidi. Kodwa oko kuhlaziywa yi-$ 700 billion kwi-growth kunye nokulondolozwa ekupheliseni umyalelo we-ACA. Isicwangciso siza kukhulisa i-GDP nge-1.7 ekhulwini ngonyaka. Kuza kudala imisebenzi engama-339,000 kwaye wongeze iipesenti ezi-1.5 kumvuzo.
I-Treasury yaseUnited States ibike ukuba ibhilikhwe iya kuzisa i-$ 1.8 trillion kwimali entsha. Kwacetyiswa ukukhula koqoqosho kwee-2.9 ekhulwini ngonyaka ngonyaka. Umbiko weNondyebo unethemba elinjalo kuba uthatha zonke izicwangciso zeTrump ziya kuphunyezwa. Ezi ziquka ukusetyenziswa kweziseko zengqalasizinda, ukurhoxiswa kunye nokulungiswa kwezenhlalakahle
Ukunyuka kwetyala kuthetha ukuba amaRiphabhulikhi ayaziwayo-bhajethi enze i-face-face. Iqela lalwela nzima ukugqithisa ukulandelelana . Ngo-2011, amanye amalungu asongela ukuba angagqibekanga kwi-tyala kunokuba afake kuwo. Ngoku bathi ukutyunjwa kwentlawulo kuya kukhulisa uqoqosho kangangokuba imali eyongezelelweyo iyakukhupha isaphulelo serhafu. Abazihoxisi izizathu zokuba iReaganomics ayiyi kusebenza namhlanje .
Igalelo kwi-$ 20 trillion yesizwe ityala liya kugqitywa liphezulu. Ikomfa yekamva mhlawumbi iya kwandisa ukunyuka kweerhafu okuphelelwa ngowama-2025.
Ukwandiswa kwetyala elibukhali linciphisa ukukhula koqoqosho ngexesha elide . Abatyalomali bayibona njengenyuka yerhafu kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Oku kunjalo ngokwenene ukuba umyinge wetyala kumkhiqizo osemveliso wasemaphandleni ungama-77 ekhulwini. Le yongqinisiso, ngokutsho kwesifundo seBhanki yehlabathi. Kufumene ukuba nganye ipesenti yebhanti ngaphezulu kweli nqanaba libiza ilizwe eli-1.7 ekhulwini ekukhuleni. Umyinge we-US-to-GDP isilinganiso sama-104 ekhulwini ngaphambi kokunciphisa irhafu.
Uqoqosho lwezondlo-mali luyiyo ngcamango echaza ukuba ukunyuswa kweerhafu kwanda ukukhula. ISebe leSebe lezeMali lase-US lihlalutye umphumo we- Bush tax cuts . Kufumanise ukuba babonelela ixesha elifutshane kwizoqoqosho ezazisele zibuthathaka. Kodwa uqoqosho ngo-2017 luqinile.
Kwakhona, uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwentsebenzo lusebenze ngexesha lolawulo lweReagan kuba izinga eliphezulu lentlawulo liyi-70 ekhulwini. Ngokwe- Laffer Curve , oku kuluhlu olungavumelekanga. Uluhlu luvela kumanqanaba entela aphakamileyo kangangokuthi ukunciphisa ukukhulisa ukukhula okwaneleyo ukucima nayiphi na ilahleko yentlawulo. Kodwa i -economics-down economy ayisekho ukusebenza ngenxa yokuba iirhafu ze-2017 ziqingatha oko babeneminyaka yama-1980.
Iinkampani ezininzi ezininzi ziqinisekisile ukuba aziyi kusebenzisa ukutyumba kweerhafu ukudala imisebenzi. Amaqumrhu ahleli kwi-rekhodi ye-2.3 trillion kwimali yokugcina imali, ephindwe kabini kwinqanaba ngo-2001. I-CEO yeCisco, iPfizer, kunye neCoca-Cola ingasetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa imali eyongezelelweyo ukuhlawula igalelo kubanini-mali. I-CEO ye-Amgen iya kusebenzisa imali yokubuyisela izabelo zesitokisi. Enyanisweni, ukunyuswa kwentlawulo yenkampani kuya kukhulisa amanani e-stock, kodwa ayiyi kudala imisebenzi.
Izicucu zerhafu ezibalulekileyo kufuneka ziye kwinqanaba eliphakathi apho banakho ukuchitha yonke idola abayifumanayo. Ubutyebi berhafu basebenzisa irhafu ukugcina okanye ukutyalomali. Inceda imarike yemasheya kodwa ayiyikuqhuba imfuno. Emva kokuba kufunwa imfuno, ngoko ishishini lidala imisebenzi ukuze lidibane nayo. Ukwehliswa kweerhafu eziphakathi kwamadala kwenza imisebenzi engaphezulu . Kodwa isisombululo esingcono kakhulu sokungabikho kwemisebenzi yintlawulo karhulumente yokwakha izibonelelo kunye nokudala imisebenzi .
UMthetho unokunceda abafuduki abakhuselwe yiNkqubo eSebenziweyo yokuBantwana. Enye yeenkqubo ze- Trump zokufudukela kwimiqathango yokuphela kwepropati ukuphelisa inkqubo ngo-Matshi 2018. I-Senator Jeff Flake, uR-Ariz., Bafumana iinkokheli zeSenethi ukuba zivumelane ukwenza inkqubo inqunywe ngokutshintshana ngokuvota.
Izithembiso zeTumpu azikho ixesha elide kwisiCwangciso
Isiphakamiso se-Trump sika-2016 savunyelwa ukuba sibe ne-$ 2,000 ukuba singeniswe kwi-Akhawunti Yokulondolozwa Kwemali Yokuxhomekeka. I-akhawunti iya kukhula i-tax-free ukuhlawula imfundo yomntwana. Abathengi banokufumana isaphulelo seNgeniso yeMali yeNgeniso yeNgeniso kwaye bayifake kwi-DCSA.
Ixilongo lathembisa ukuphelisa i-AMT kubantu ngabanye.
I-Trump ithembise ukunyusa iintlawulo kwiintlawulo zenzalo ezithathwayo, kungekhona nje iimfuno zokhuni. Kodwa i-lobbyists kwezo nkampani zenza iCongress ingayinaki isithembiso sikaTrump.
Ixilongo lathembisa ukuphelisa irhafu yeNgeniso engabonakaliyo kwingxowa-mali.
Ezinye iinkqubo zeTrump: Iinkonzo zeMpilo | Indalo Yobumba | Ukunciphisa amatyala ... NAFTA | Ixilongo kunye no-Obama