Oko Kuyiyo, Indlela Esebenza ngayo, Ukuthelekiswa koBuchule kunye noLuntu
UKarl Marx wavelisa imbono ye-communism. Yathi, "Kusukela nganye ngokwemandla akhe, ngamnye kuye ngokwemfuno yakhe." Kwakungasayi kuphinda ihlawulelwe yonke into inzuzo. Endaweni yoko, imali iya kuhamba kubo bonke abasebenzi.
"Kusukela nganye ngokuya kwamandla akhe" kuthetha ukuba abantu baya kusebenza kwinto ababeyithandayo kwaye bekulungele. Baya kuvuyela ukufaka isandla kwezo zakhono ukuxhasa uluntu. Uqoqosho luya kuphumelela kuba luya kusebenza kanzima kunokuba lugxininkulu.
"Ngamnye ngokwemfuno yakhe" kuthetha ukuba uluntu luya kubakhathalela abo bangenakusebenza. Kuza kubela iimpahla kunye neenkonzo kuwo wonke umntu njengoko befuna. Abo babekwazi ukusebenzela babeza kukhuthazwa ngumdla wokuzibonela.
Iinkalo ezilishumi zobuKomanisi kwiNkcazelo
KwiManfesto yamaKhomanisi, uMarx uchaze la maphupha alandelayo:
- Ukupheliswa komhlaba kwipropati kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo zonke iindleko zomhlaba kwiinjongo zikawonkewonke.
- Umvuzo ophezulu oqhubela phambili okanye ogqwesileyo.
- Ukupheliswa kwelungelo lelifa.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwepropati yabo bonke abafuduki kunye nabavukeli.
- Uxanduva olulinganayo lwabo bonke abasebenzi. Ukusekwa kwemikhosi yemveliso ikakhulukazi kwezolimo.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwezolimo kunye namashishini okuvelisa. Ukugqitywa ngokukhawuleza kokuhlukana phakathi kwedolophu nelizwe. Oku kuza kufezwa ngokusasazwa ngokulinganayo kwabantu kulo lonke ilizwe.
- Imfundo yamahhala kubo bonke abantwana kwizikolo zikarhulumente. Ukupheliswa komsebenzi wefowuni. Ukudibanisa imfundo kunye nemveliso yezoshishino.
- I-centralization ye-credit kwizandla zombuso. Kuza kuba nebhanki kazwelonke kunye nenkunzi yelizwe kunye nokuzikhethela kuphela.
- Urhulumente uya kulawula ukunxibelelana kunye nokuthutha.
- Amashishini karhulumente kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa. Kuya kuhlakulela ii-asetelands kwaye kuphuculwe umhlaba. Oku kuya kulandela isicwangciso esifanayo.
I-manifesto ichaza ubunikazi bombuso kwiindawo zayo zokugqibela ezintathu. Oku kwenza ukuba le mbono ecocekileyo ye-communism ifuthe njenge-socialism. Kodwa uMarx waxela ukuba ubunikazi bombuso sisisigxina esifanelekileyo kwishintsho kwi-communism.
Ukwahlukana Phakathi kobuKomanisi, iNzentlupheko, ubuNkokeli, kunye neFascism
UbuKomanisi bubonakala bufana nentlalo . Kubini bobabini, abantu banemibandela yokuvelisa. Umehluko omkhulu kukuba imveliso isasazwa ngokweemfuno kwi-communism, kwaye ngokwemisebenzi phantsi kobuhlanga. UbuKomanisi buhluke kakhulu kwi- capitalism , apho abantu ngabanini bengabanikazi. Kufana ne- fascism kulezo zombini zisebenzisa izicwangciso eziphambili. Kodwa ama-fascists avumela abantu ukuba bagcine izinto zokuvelisa. Amazwe amaninzi aphendukela kwi-fascism yokunqanda u-communism.
| Isixhobo | BuKomanisi | ZoLuntu | UbuNkokheli | Fascism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Izinto zokuvelisa ziphantsi | Wonke umntu | Wonke umntu | Ngabanye | Ngabanye |
| Izinto zokuvelisa zixabiso | Ukusetyenziswa kubantu | Ukusetyenziswa kubantu | Ngeniso | Ukwakha isizwe |
| Ulwabiwo lwagqitywa ngu | Isicwangciso esiPhakathi | Isicwangciso esiPhakathi | Umthetho weemfuno kunye nokunikezelwa | Isicwangciso esiPhakathi |
| Ukususela nganye ngokwemigaqo yakhe | Amandla | Amandla | Iimarike zenza isigqibo | Ixabiso kuhlanga |
| Ngamnye ngokwemigaqo yakhe | Ku funeka | Igalelo | Ingeniso, ubutyebi kunye nobuchule bokuboleka |
Inzuzo
Uqoqosho olucwangcisiweyo lwentlalo lunokubambisa ubutyebi bezoqoqosho kwizinga elikhulu. Oku vumela ukuba kwenziwe iiprojekthi ezinkulu kunye nokudala amandla oshishino. Ukwenza oku ngokugqithiseleyo. Ixhomekeke kwinhlalakahle yoluntu jikelele ukufezekisa iinjongo zentlalo ebalulekileyo.
Ulawulo lwezoqoqosho lukulungele ekuhlaleni ngokupheleleyo ukuba zihambelane nombono womcwangcisi. Imizekelo ibandakanya iRashiya yaseStalin, iMaoist China kunye neCubaro yaseCuba. Uqoqosho lwaseRashiya loqoqosho lwakha umkhosi wempi ukuze unqobe amaNazi. Ngokukhawuleza wakha kabusha umnotho emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II.
Iingxaki
Ingxaki ebalulekileyo kukuba kunzima ukuba iqela lokucwangcisa lifumane ulwazi olusisiseko malunga neemfuno zabathengi. URhulumente ubeka umvuzo kunye namaxabiso. Oko kuthetha ukuba abacwangcisi balahlekelwa yimpendulo ebalulekileyo ezi zikhokelo zinikeza malunga nokubonelelwa kunye neemfuno.
Ngenxa yoko, kudla ngokugqithiswa kwezinto kunye nokuntuleka kwabanye.
Ukuhlawulela, abemi bakha imakethi emnyama ukuthengisa izinto izinto ezingaboneleli ngezoqoqosho. Oku kutshabalalisa ukuthembela kwabacwangcisi. Kufuneka ukuba utshintsho oluvela kwi-communism yoluntu ukuya kwi-Communism ecocekileyo.
U mzekelo
AmaKomanisi aseCuba, eNyakatho Korea, eChina, eLaos naseVietnam. Ayikho i-Communism ecocekileyo kodwa isuka kwi-socialism. Yilapho igosa lombuso likhoyo kwiinkalo zonikezelo . NgokukaMarx, leyo yindlela ephakathi kwe-capitalism kunye noqoqosho olufanelekileyo lwama-communist. Kwi-capitalism, abantu abazimeleyo abanomzibo- mali , abasebenzi kunye nemithombo yendalo .
Kwimeko yoqoqosho olusulungekileyo lwama-communist, uluntu lwenza izigqibo. Kwimihlaba yamajenjethi yanamhlanje, urhulumente wenza ezo zigqibo egameni lawo. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba nguqoqosho lolawulo . Iinkokeli zenza isicwangciso esichaza izigqibo zabo. Iyenziwa ngemithetho, imimiselo kunye nemiyalelo.
Injongo yesicwangciso kukunika "ngamnye ngokwemfuno yakhe." Amazwe wobuKomanisi akhulule uncedo lwezempilo, imfundo kunye nezinye iinkonzo. Esi cwangciso sinokunyusa ukwanda koqoqosho kwezoqoqosho . Iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesizwe kwaye igcina izibonelelo.
Urhulumente unamashishini egameni labasebenzi. Enyanisweni, urhulumente unesigxina . Urhulumente uvuza abaphathi beenkampani ukuba bahlangabezane neethagethi ezicacileyo kwisicwangciso.
Kwi-communism, abacwangcisi abaphambili bathatha indawo yokukhuphisana kunye nemithetho yokubonelela kunye neemfuno ezisebenza kwezoqoqosho lwemarike . Baphinde bathathe indawo yamasiko axhobisa ubutyebi bendabuko . Uninzi lweentlanga zamaKomanisi lithembele kwezoqoqosho . (Umthombo: Uqoqosho: i-Concepts and Principals , uBon Kristoffer G. Gabnay, uRoberto M. Remotin, Jr., u-Edgar Allan M. Uy, abahleli, i-Rex Book Store: iManila, 2007.)