Ngaba ubuzwe bubuyela emuva kwiVogue?
Ubuzwe buyinkqubo eyenziwe ngabantu abakholelwa ukuba isizwe sabo siphakeme kunabo bonke abanye. Ngokuqhelekileyo isekelwe kubuhlanga obufanayo. Inokuthi isekelwe kwiilwimi ezabelwana ngazo, inkolo, inkcubeko, okanye isethi yentlalo yoluntu. Olu hlanga ligxininisa iimpawu ezabelwana ngazo, i-folklore kunye neembali. Umculo owabelwana ngawo, uncwadi, kunye nemidlalo kuqinisa ngakumbi ubuzwe.
Iingcali zifuna ukuba zizimeleleke kwamanye amazwe.
Ukuba abantu bayingxenye yelizwe, bafuna inkululeko kunye nelizwe labo. Ukuba sele sele benesizwe sawo, abafuni ukujoyina imibutho yehlabathi okanye ukusebenzisana namanye amazwe kwimigudu ehlangeneyo.
Ngenxa yokuba bakholelwa ukuba imfanelo yabo ekwabelwanayo iphakamileyo, iinjongo zentlanga zinokuthi zenzeke ngokucacileyo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobuhlanga, zonqulo okanye iinkcubeko. Ubandlululo obangela ukugcina uhlanga lwabo luhlangene. Ubandlululo lunokubangela umnqweno wokurhoxisa uhlanga lwabo babonwa "njengenye." Ngendlela egqithiseleyo, kunokukhokelela ekuhlanjululeni nasekuhlaleni.
Iingqungquthela zisebenza kwilizwe elilawulayo. Urhulumente wabo ulawula imiba yoqoqosho ukwenzela ukukhuthaza ukuzinzisa kwesizwe. Ibeka imigaqo-nkqubo eyomeleza amaziko asekhaya ayenayo imveliso yokuvelisa . Iimpawu ezine zorhwebo, iimpahla eziyinkunzi , ubutyebi bemvelo kunye nabasebenzi . Iingcali azikhathaleli ukuba urhulumente okanye amashishini abucala ayenayo iimeko, ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba zomelele isizwe.
Bakholelwa ukuba iimfuno zabo ezabelwana ngazo ziphakamisa yonke into eyenziwa ngabanye okanye kwiqela. Aphikisana nehlabathi kunye nobukhosi. Kwakhona zichasene naluphi na ifilosofi, njengenkolo, ephakamisa ukunyaniseka kwelizwe. Akunjalo impi kodwa zikhawuleza zibe njalo xa zisongelwa.
Ukuvakalelwa kobuzwe obuphakamileyo bobuhlanga bubonisa ukwahlukana kobuzwe ekuthandweni kobuzwe.
Okukugqibela kukuziqhenya kweli lizwe kunye nokuzimisela ukukhusela. Ubuzwe bobuhlanga buya kuthi ukuzikhukhumeza nokukhuseleka komkhosi. Iingqungquthela zikholelwa ukuba zinelungelo lokwandisa amandla phezu kolunye uhlanga kuba ziphezulu. Bavakalelwa kukuba bayayithandayo.
Imbali
Ubuzwe bobuhlanga abuzange buvuke de kube ngekhulu leshumi elinesixhenxe. Ngaphambi koko, abantu bajolise kwiidolophu zabo, ubukumkani, okanye inkolo. Umbuso wesizwe waqala ngo-1658 kunye neSivumelwano saseWestphalia. Kwagqitywa iMfazwe Yeminyaka Engama-30 phakathi koBukumkani Oyingcwele bamaRoma kunye namaqela ahlukahlukeneyo aseJamani.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezentengiselwano kunye nokuxhaswa kweengxowa-mali kubomeleza isizwe solawulo oluzimeleyo ukukhusela amalungelo omashishini. Abarhwebi babambisana noorhulumente besizwe ukuba bancede bahlasele abaphangaleleyo. Urhulumente uxhaswe lo myalelo wokuba abantu abathengisi bahlawule ngegolide. Inkcazelo yokunyathelisa i-steam inika amandla iintlanga ukukhuthaza ubumbano ngaphakathi kunye nokubandlulula ngaphandle.
Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, iinguqulelo zaseMelika naseFransi zenza iintlanga ezinkulu zikhululekile zombuso. Ba lawula ngedemokhrasi kunye neengxowa-mali. Ngowe-1871, u-Otto von Bismarck wadala isizwe saseJamani ukusuka kwizizwe ezingafaniyo. Ngekhulu lama-20, amazwe onke aseMerika naseYurophu ayelawulwa zizizwe ezilawulayo.
Ukudakumba okukhulu kwakha imeko yezoqoqosho kangangokuba amazwe amaninzi ayamkela ubuzwe njengokhuselo. Iinkokeli zamaFascist ezifana no-Adolf Hitler eJamani kunye noBenito Mussolini e-Italiya basebenzisa ubuzwe ukuba banqabise umdla ngamnye. Bawuthobela intlalontle yoluntu jikelele ukufezekisa iinjongo zentlalo. Ubuzwe besizwe ngaphantsi kwe-fascism isebenza kwizakhiwo zentlalo esele zikhona, kunokuba zibhubhise. Ijolise "ekucoceni kwangaphakathi kunye nokwandiswa kwangaphandle," ngoProfesa uRobert Paxton kwi-"Anatomy of Fascism." Oku kulungelelanisa ubundlobongela njengendlela yokurhoxisa abantu abancinane kunye nabachasi.
IMfazwe Yehlabathi II yaqinisekisa ukuba iintlanga zeAllied zixhasa ukubambisana kwehlabathi. I- Bhanki yehlabathi , iZizwe eziManyeneyo , kunye ne- World Trade Organisation yayingamaqela amathathu kuphela kumazwe ngamazwe. Ngama-1990, iintlanga zaseYurophu zakha i- European Union .
Ubuzwe buba yingozi, kwaye ihlabathi lalingumsindisi.
Ngekhulu lama-21, ubuzwe bubuyiselwa emva kokubuya kweNkundla enkulu . Ngomnyaka we-2014, i- Indiya yonyula uhlanga lwesizwe samaHindu u-Nahrendra Modi. Ngo-2015, uVladimir Putin waxhaswa amaRashiya ukuba ahlasele i- Ukraine ukuba "asindise" amaRussia asebuhlanga. Ngo-2016, iUnited Kingdom yavota ku- Brexit , ukuphuma eBrithani kwi-EU.
Ngonyaka we-2016, iUnited States yonyulwa i-populist uDonald Trump ukuya kumongameli. Inqubomgomo yeTrump ilandele uhlobo "lwesizwe esisikiweyo, sinobuhlanga," ngokutsho kweSenethi uJohn McCain , uR-AZ. I-Trump kunye nomcebisi wakhe wangaphambili uSteve Bannon ukhuthaza ubuzwe bobuzwe.
Uhlanga lwezoQoqosho
Ubuzwe bobuzwe luhlobo lobuzwe olujolise ngokukhethekileyo kumashishini asekhaya. Ifuna ukuzikhusela kwiinkampani ezizizwe ngezizwe ezizuza kwi-globalism. Ikhuthaza ukukhuselwa kunye nezinye iinkqubo zorhwebo ezikhusela amashishini asekhaya. UMongameli uTrump waxhaswa ubuzwe bobuzwe xa evakalisa iintlawulo kwiintsimbi kunye naseTshayina.
Uhlanga lwezoqoqosho lukhetha kwakhona izivumelwano zorhwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabini. Kuthetha ukuba izivumelwano ezininzi zixhamle iinkampani ngokuxhamla kwiintlanga ngamnye. Kwakhona kuya kufikelela kwizivumelwano ezingahambisani nendawo apho isizwe esinamandla sigqugquzela isizwe esibuthakathaka ukuba sithathe imigaqo-yorhwebo eyenza isizwe esinamandla.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yaboniswa ukungaphumeleli ngexesha lokuPhukisa okukhulu . Emva kokuhlaselwa kwemakethe ye-stock market ka-1929, amazwe aqala ukufumana amanyathelo okukhusela ngokuzama ukugcina imisebenzi. Esikhundleni salokho, ihlabathi liye lathumela phantsi kwehla elingama-65 ekhulwini. Ngenxa yoko, kuqhubeka ixesha lokudakumba .
Ukuhlawulela intengiso encinci, ukukhuliswa kobuzwe bezoqoqosho kukhulise imigaqo-mali yokunceda ama shishini. Iquka ukunyuka kweendleko zikaRhulumente kwizibonelelo. Kwakhona kubandakanya ukutywa kweerhafu kwamashishini.
Ubuzwe bobuzwe buchasene nokufuduka ngenxa yokuba kuthatha imisebenzi ngaphandle kwabasebenzi basekhaya. Imigaqo ye-Trump yokufudukela kwamanye amazwe yayilandela ubuzwe xa ethembisa ukwakha udonga emngceleni waseMexico .