Ibhanki Yehlabathi, Injongo Yalo, Imbali, kunye Nezibalo

Ibhanki eLawula ngokufihlakeleyo ihlabathi?

I-Bhanki yehlabathi yintlangano yamazwe ngamazwe anceda amazwe athengisa amazwe athengisa ubuhlwempu. Akuyiyo ibhanki ngokwegama eliqhelekileyo leli gama. Kunoko, iqukethe amaziko amabini ophuhliso. Enye yeBhanki yeSizwe yoKwakha kunye noPhuhliso. Okwesibini nguMbutho woPhuhliso lweZwelonke. Amazwe angama-189 aseBhanki abelana ubunikazi.

Ibhanki isebenza ngokubambisana neminye imibutho emithathu:

1. I-International Finance Corporation
2. I-Agent Multilateral Guarantee Agency
3. Iziko leZiko loMhlaba loLungiso lweZingxabano zotyalo-mali.

Yonke imibutho emihlanu yenza iQela leBhanki yehlabathi.

Injongo kunye neMisebenzi

I-Bhanki yehlabathi inikezela ngemali-mali yemali ephantsi, inkokhelo engenazinzala kunye nezibonelelo. Ijolise ekuphuculeni imfundo, impilo kunye nezibonelelo. Kwakhona isebenzisa iimali zokuphucula i- sector yezezimali, icandelo lezolimo, kunye nokulawulwa kwemithombo yendalo .

Injongo ebhaliweyo yeBhanki kukuba "ukugqithisa ulwahlulo lwezoqoqosho phakathi kwamazwe ahluphekileyo nezityebi." Yenza oku ngokuguqula "izixhobo eziphathekayo zelizwe kwiindawo ezihluphekileyo zelizwe." Inombono wexesha elide "ukuphumeza ukunciphisa ubuhlwempu."

Ukufezekisa le njongo, iBhanki igxile kwiimimandla ezintandathu:

1. Ukunciphisa intlupheko ngokunyusa ukukhula, ngakumbi e-Afrika.
2. Nceda ukuvuselela amazwe avela kwimfazwe, eyona nto ibangela ubumpofu obukhulu.
3. Ukubonelela isisombululo esifanelekileyo ukunceda amazwe angeniso eliphakathi ahlale ehlwempu.

1. Urhulumente okhuselekileyo ukukhusela ukutshintsha kwemozulu. Inceda ekulawuleni izifo ezithintekayo, ngakumbi i-HIV / AIDS kunye ne-malaria. Ikwalawula kwakhona iingxaki zemali zehlabathi kunye nokukhuthaza urhwebo lwamahhala .
2. Sebenza ne-Arab League ngeenjongo ezintathu. Baya kuphucula imfundo, ukwakha izibonelelo, nokubonelela ngemali-mboleko emancinci kumashishini amancinci .

1. Yabelana ngobuchule balo ngamazwe asakhulayo. Ukupapasha ulwazi lwayo ngeengxelo kunye nolwazi olusebenzayo lwe-intanethi.

INtloko yeBhanki yehlabathi

UJim Yong Kim, MD, Ph.D. , ngumongameli weBhanki yehlabathi. Ngaphambi kokuba aqeshwe ngo-2012, uDkt Kim wayengumongameli weKholeji yaseDartmouth. Ukhuthazelele iinkonzo zempilo eziphuculweyo. Uluphephe amasebe eHarvard Medical School kunye noBrigham kunye neSibhedlele sabasetyhini eBoston. Wabambisana nabasebenzi abangenzi nzuzo kwiMpilo. Inika iinkonzo zempilo kumahlwempu kumazwekazi amane.

UDkt Kim ubika kwiBhodi yabaLawuli abaLawulayo. Amazwe amanqaku atshabalayo yiFransi, iJamani , iJapan , iUnited Kingdom kunye ne-United States.

UMongameli we-United States ukhethe uMongameli weBhanki yehlabathi ukususela ekusekeni kwawo. Kungenxa yokuba unamaphesenti angama-16 ezabelo zebhanki, okwenza ibe ngumnini-nxaxheba omkhulu. Esi sivumelwano esingavumelekanga kunye namanye amalungu ebhodi eYurophu sakha ukuphikiswa. Amalungu amaninzi akhalazela ukuba iBhanki ibonisa iimfuno zehlabathi eliphuhlisiweyo, kwaye akusiyo amazwe ahluphekileyo ancedayo.

Ibhanki inebasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-10 000 abavela kumazwe angaphezu kwama-160. Umsebenzi wesibini kwi-Washington, DC.

Eminye iofisi kwii-100 zelizwe kwilizwe elikhulayo.

URobert Zoellick wayengumongameli ukususela ngo-2007 ukuya ku-2012. U-Zoellick waqalisa ukusebenza kuMongameli uRonald Reagan weNondyebo kaNondyebo , uJames Baker. I-Zoellick ibambe izikhundla eziphezulu kwi- Fannie Mae ukususela ngo-1993 ukuya ngo-1997 kunye ne-Ofisi ye-Representative yezoRhwebo ukusuka ngo-2001 ukuya ku-2005. Ukususela apho, waya kwiSebe likaRhulumente ngo-2005 kwaze kwaba ngo-2006 waza waya kwi-Goldman Sachs ukususela ngo-2006 ukuya ku-2007.

Izibalo kunye neeNgxelo

I-Bhanki yehlabathi inikezela ubuninzi beenkcukacha zokukhuphela kumazwe angaphezu kwama-200. Ngo-2010, iBhanki iqalise iwebhusayithi entsha ye-Open Data. Inika ukufikelela kwamahhala kumaziko amakhulu angama-298, kuquka:

• Utshintsho lwemozulu, indawo kunye namandla.
• Ezempilo, ezifana nokulindela ubomi.
• Uphuhliso lwasekuhlaleni kunye nezibonelelo.
• Imisebenzi, ingeniso kunye nemfundo.
• Urhulumente, umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho, kunye netyala elimele .

• Amanani abantu njengentlupheko, ubulili kunye nokusebenza ngempumelelo.
• Amashishini, ezolimo, kunye nemali.

Ibhanki ihlalutya imiba yophuhliso ngokubanzi, kubandakanywa neNgxelo yoPhuhliso lweSizwe. Iingxelo zayo zophando ziphonononga ukuhamba kwehlabathi jikelele kworhwebo, ukuhamba kwemali kunye namaxabiso entengo. Icacisa impembelelo yabo kumazwe asathuthukayo. Ibhanki iphinda ipapashe iZikhombisi zoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye neMali yoPhuhliso lweZwelonke. Inika iNcwadi Yenkcazelo Encinci, Incwadi Yenkcazelo Yomncinci Olutsha, kunye ne-Atlas Bank.

Imbali

I-1944 iNgqungquthela yaseBretton Woods yasungula iBhanki yehlabathi. Iingxowa-mboleko zayo zanceda amazwe aseYurophu akha kwakhona emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II Oku kwenza ukuba yi-bhanki yokuqala yokuphuhlisa ihlabathi.

Kwaxhaswa ngemali ngokuthengiswa kweeBond zehlabathi . Iingxowa- mali zokuqala zaza zafika eFransi nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu Ngama-1970, i-Chile, iMexico , ne- Indiya inika imali yokwakha izityalo kunye nezitimela. Ngowe-1975, iimali-mboleko zayo zazinceda ngemicimbi eyahlukeneyo. Babandakanya ukucwangcisa intsapho, ulawulo lokungcola, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.

Imali-mboleko yeBhanki yehlabathi yabe ingqubuzana. Amazwe amaninzi asebenzisa iimali-mboleko zawo ukukhusela i- debt default. Ityala labo lidla ngokubakho ngenxa yokugqithisa imali kunye nokuboleka ngokubanzi. Ngaphandle kwenkxaso yeBhanki yehlabathi, amazwe amaninzi ahlawula imali yazo. Oko kwabangela i- hyperinflation .

Ukulwa nale nto, iBhanki ifuna amanyathelo okulingana . Ilizwe kufuneka livumelane nokunciphisa ukuchitha kunye nokuxhasa imali yayo. Ngelishwa, oku kudla ngokubangela ukunyuka kwemali, okwenze kube nzima ukubuyisela imali mboleko yeBhanki.