Ingqungquthela okanye u-Obama ubhetele ngakumbi kwi-Economy?
Khuselo
Bobabini abaongameli basebenzise ngakumbi ukukhusela kunanoma yimuphi ulawulo ukususela kwiWWII. Bambalwa abantu bayazi ukuba u-Obama uchithe ngaphezu kweBush ekukhuseleni, ama-dollar ayi-700 yeebhiliyoni ngonyaka xa kuthelekiswa ne-$ 500 yezigidigidi nguBsha.
Isabelo- mali sesibini sesibini kwi-Social Security njengenxalenye enkulu kwi-budget kaRhulumente wase-US.
UBush uqalise iimfazwe zase- Iraq ne- Afghanistan ekuphenduleni ukuhlaselwa kwabangqukuva 9/11 . Imfazwe ebusongweni ibiza imali engaphezu kwama-1.5 trillion kwixesha lokuphila kwayo.
U-Obama wabuyisela iimbini zombini. Wathembela esikhundleni sengcali yezobugcisa kunye nobuchwepheshe ukuze athole u-Osama bin Laden. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba izicwangciso ezisetyenzisiweyo, ukubandakanyeka kwe-US eMbindi Mpuma akunakuphela. Uninzi lweengxaki eMbindi Mpuma ziqhubeka ngenxa yeSunni-Shia yokwahlukana .
Ukubuyisana-Ukulwa
UBush no-Obama basebenzise umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali owandisayo ukulwa nemigqaliselo ngokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho .
UBush walwa ne- 2001 ngokwemali yokunciphisa irhafu . Wenze isaphulelo sokuqala sentela, ukukhula koqoqosho kunye noMthetho wokuXhumululwa koRhumo lweRhafu , ukuqala ukusetyenziswa kwemali yabasebenzisi. Ulawulo luthumele i-EGTRRA ukuhlola kwizindlu ngo-Agasti 2001. Ngelo xesha, uqoqosho lwaluqalisile ukuphucula.
Ngo-2004, waqalisa uMsebenzi kunye noKhuseleko lokuThuthukiswa kweRhafu yokuXholwa koRhafu . Baye banceda amashishini aphinda ahlawule ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwe-9/11. Kodwa ukutyumba kweerhafu akuyona indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokudala imisebenzi . Kukho izisombululo zokungasebenzi ezingcono.
Ngonyaka ka-2005, u-Bush waphelelwa ithuba lokusabela ngokukhawuleza kwiNkupho yeKatrina .
Olunye uqikelelo luthi impembelelo yezoqoqosho zesaqhwithi yayingama- $ 200 billion. Ngenxa yoko, umkhiqizo owenziweyo wekhaya wawuwela kuma-1.5 ekhulwini kwi-Q4 2005. UBush wongeza i-$ 33 yezigidigidi kwi-budget ye-mali ka-2006 ukuze uncedise ukucocwa. Kodwa wayenokukwenza ngaphambili. Oku kungase kukhulise ukukhula ngo-2005.
UBush ushiye kwi-Federal Reserve ukujongana nobunzima bebhanki ka - 2007 ngemigaqo-mali . Emva koLehman Abazalwana behla ngo-2008, wavuma uNobhala weSebe lezeNondyebo u- Hank Paulson we- TARP .
U-Obama wadlulisela i-$ 787 yezigidigidi ze- Economic Stimulus Act . Esi senzo senze imisebenzi kwimfundo nakwiziseko, ekupheliseni umnotho kwikota yesithathu 2009 . U-Obama wasebenzisa iimali ze-TARP ukuncedisa abanini bezindlu abanamatheleji angaphantsi.
Ukhathalelo lwempilo
Bobabini abaongameli bathatha inyathelo lokujongana neendleko zonyango lwezempilo . Iindleko ze-Medicare neMedicaid zatshitshisa ukuba zidle uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluphilayo. Inombolo 1 ye-bankruptcy yindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo , kwanabo abane-inshurensi. Kungenxa yokuba imigaqo emininzi yelo xesha yayinomlinganiselo wonyaka kunye nobomi obunokugqithiswa lula ngokugula okungapheliyo.
UBush wenza i-Medicare Part D yesicatshulwa kwinkqubo yeziyobisi. Yanceda abantu abadala ukuba babe neendleko zonyango ukuya kwinqanaba, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "hole hole". UBush akazange adale ukunyuka kweerhafu ukuxhasa le nkqubo.
Ngenxa yoko, yongezelela i-$ 550 yeebhiliyoni kwi-matyala.
Ngo-2010, u-Obama waphakamisa uMthetho woNonophelo ongenakunciphisa . Injongo yalo kukunciphisa iindleko zonyango . Izibonelelo ezibonelelayo zazaliswa emva ko-2014 . U-Obamacare wavala umgodi we- Medicare . Okubaluleke ngakumbi, inika i-inshorensi yempilo kuwo wonke umntu. Ukunciphisa izindleko zempilo ngokuvumela abantu abaninzi ukuba banakekele unyango lwezempilo . Bangaphatha izifo zabo ngaphambi kokuba babe yingozi. Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abambalwa bancike ekunakekeleni ukunakekelwa kwegumbi eliphuthumayo. Iindleko ze-Obamacare zahlawulwa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zerhafu .
Urhwebo
Bobabini boMongameli bavakalisa izivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala . UBush wagqiba iSivumelwano saseHlabathi sase-Central America-Dominican Republic Trade Trade ngo-2005. Wasayina izivumelwano zombini kunye ne-Australia ngo-2005; Bahrain, 2006; EChile, 2004; Jordan, 2001; Morocco, 2004; Oman, 2006; naseSingapore, ngo-2004.
Ulawulo luka-Obama luthethathethwano ngokubambisana kweTranspacific . Akuzange kugqitywe i- Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership ngaphambi kokuphela kwekota. I-Congress yanikezela "ukukhawuleza" igunya lokunyusa urhwebo ngoJuni 2015. U-Obama waphumelela kwizivumelwano zomhlaba wonke eMzantsi Korea ngo-2012; EColombia, ngo-2011; EPanama, ngo-2011; kunye ne-Peru, ngo-2009. Izivumelwano zorhwebo zomhlaba zombini zanikezela isimo sokuthengisa phakathi kweUnited States nala mazwe.
U-Obama uxhasa ukuhamba kwezivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala njengenxalenye yoMthetho waseMelika waseMisebenzi. Kodwa akazange azalisekise isithembiso sakhe sokukhankanya ukuphonononga zonke izivumelwano zorhwebo ukuqinisekisa ukuba azizange zenze ilahleko lomsebenzi.
Mi miselo
UBush wadlulisa uMthetho we-Prevention Bankruptcy ka - 2005 . Lo Mthetho wenza kube nzima ukuba abantu baxelele i-bankruptcy. Ngenxa yoko, baxhomekeka kwiikhredithi zokulingana kwamakhaya endaweni yoko. Emva kokuba uMthetho udluliselwe, ukungahlawulwanga kwemali kwenzelwe ipesenti ezili-14 ngonyaka. Oku kwonakalisa i- subprime mortgage crisis .
U-Obama uchaze imigaqo-nkqubo yakhe yezoqoqosho kwinkqubo yokhetho lonyulo luka - 2008 . Emva kokunyulwa, wabiza igama lokuba nguSihlalo we-Federal Reserve uPaul Volcker , owakhuthaza imingcipheko engqongqo yezemali, ukuqhuba iNkundla yeNgcebiso yezoQoqosho. Umthetho we- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform wenza enye ingxaki yezemali ubunzima. Yayilawula iinkampani zezimali ezingebhanki, njengemali ye- hedge , kunye neziphumo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, njengemali ye- credit default swaps . Kwakhona kwalawula i-credit, debit kunye nekhadi lokubhadela . Kwagqitywa iimali-mboleko zokubhalwa kwenyanga kunye neBhunga loKhuseleko lwezeMali .
Ulwaphulo kunye namatyala
Bobabini abaongameli baphumelela kwiingxelo zeebhajethi zokubeka irekhodi. Ukulahleka kweBush kwaba ngu-3.3 trillion, ukwanda kwama-57 ekhulwini. Ukulahleka kuka-Obama kwakuyi-6.9 trillion ye-$.
Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe- Bush FY luka-2008 lwalusabelo-mali sokugqibela olungakhange lubekelwe ukulwa kwemali. Nangona kunjalo, kuqhutywe i-$ 459 yeebhiliyoni ezingenakubalwa ukuxhasa i-War kwi-Terror. Le mali yayimangalisa ngeli xesha. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukaMongameli u-Bush, ngo- FY 2009 , lwaqala nge-$ 407 billion. I-Congress ivumile i-$ 350 yezigidigidi ukuxhasa i- TARP , kodwa kuphela i-151 yezigidigidi zeegidigidi ezithe zachithwa ngo-FY 2009. Emva kokuba u-Obama ethathe isikhundla, iCongress yongezelela iSicwangciso soQoqosho seStimulus sokuphelisa umnotho. Oku kwongezwa ngamaRandi angama-253 yezigidi nge-FY 2009. Iingeniso zangena kuma-dollar ayi-600 yezigidi ngaphantsi kwezilindeleke. Ngenxa yoko, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-FY ka-2009 lwaluyi-$ 1.4 trillion. Lo kwakuyintluphelo enkulu yebhajethi kwimbali yase-US.
Ukulahleka kwebhajethi ka-2010 ye- FY 2010 kwakungu-1.294 trillion. Ulwabiwo-mali lwe- FY ka-2011 lubekwe kwi $ 1.3 trillion. Yayilibaziseka kwiNdlu yeRiphabhliki kwaze kwaba yi-$ 38 yezigidigidi eziye zahlonywa ngo-Matshi 2011. Njengoko uqoqosho luphuculwe, ukuphulukana komnyaka ngamnye kwakungaphantsi. Njengoko oomongameli banembopheleleko yokulahleka kwebhajethi, kunceda ukuthelekisa ukulahleka okwenziwe ngumongameli .
Ngenxa yento yonke, ityala le- US laphakama kakhulu ngexesha likaBush no-Obama. Kungenxa yokuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lonyaka longezelela ityala . Ukwandiswa kweNgxowa-mali yoThuseleko lweNtlalo akuyi kubalwa kwintsilelo. Le mali "engenayo ibhajethi " iyanciphisa ubuncipheko bonyaka kodwa ayikho ityala. Oko kuthetha ukuba inxaxheba yomongameli kwi- matyala iya kuphakama ngaphezu kwayo yonke into engeyiyo .
U-Obama wongeza i-$ 9.6 trillion kwi-matyala , ngoxa uB Bush wongeza i-$ 5.8 trillion. Fumana ukuba kutheni le nto ihluke kwi-Deficit kuMatyala nguMongameli .