Qaphela ukuba Kutheni i-Afghan Rugs ixabisa ngakumbi namhlanje kunomnyaka we-Ago
I- World Trade Organisation ichaza ukuchithwa kwamanye amazwe okungafaniyo. Kuyenzeka xa isizwe esinye senza umgaqo-nkqubo wezorhwebo ongahambisani nawo. Ngokomzekelo, kwenzeka xa ilizwe libeka umda wokurhweba, njengokufana nentlawulo , kuwo onke amazwe.
Ikwasebenza nakwilizwe eliphakamisa intlawulo kwiingeniso zeqabane layo ngaphandle kokuphindaphindiweyo. Ilizwe elikhulu lingazenza oko ukunceda encinci.
Isivumelwano esisodwa sinye sinye isivumelwano sokuthengisa samahhala . Olunye uhlobo lu vu melwano phakathi kwamazwe amabini. Yona yinto eqhelekileyo kuba kulula ukuthetha. Uhlobo lwesithathu luvumelwano semibandela . Yona inamandla kakhulu kodwa ithatha ixesha elide ukuthetha.
Abanye abasebenzisa i-conservatives bachaza imigaqo-nkqubo yokurhweba ngaphandle kokungabikho kwesivumelwano sokuthengisa. Kuloo nkcazo, iUnited States yayiza kuphakamisa zonke iintlawulo, imimiselo kunye nezinye izithintelo kwizorhwebo. Akuhambisani nanye kuba ayifuni ezinye iintlanga ukuba zenze okufanayo. Ingxabano kukuba urhulumente akafanelekanga ukuthintela amalungelo abemi bawo ukuba bathengise nantoni na kwihlabathi.
Kwimeko leyo, amanye amazwe aya kugcina iintlawulo zawo kwii-US ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.
Oku kwakuya kubanika inzuzo engeyiyo. Baya kuthunyelwa iimpahla ezincinci kwiUnited States, kodwa i-US yokuthumela impahla yayiza kuba nexabiso eliphezulu kumazwe abo.
Iintengiso zentengiso ezithuthukayo ziyesabayo naziphi na izivumelwano zorhwebo kunye neentlanga eziphuhlisiwe. Baxhalaba ukuba ukungalingani kwamandla kuya kudala inzuzo engasetyenziswayo kwilizwe eliphuhlisiwe.
Inzuzo kunye neNzuzo
Imigaqo-yorhwebo ye-Unilateral efana neentlawulo zisebenza ngokugqithiseleyo ngexesha elifutshane. Iirhafu ziphakamisa ixabiso lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yoko, ixabiso lemveliso eyenziwa kwendawo libonakala liphantsi xa kuthelekiswa. Oku kukhulisa ukukhula koqoqosho kwaye kudala imisebenzi.
Emva kwexesha, ezi nzuzo ziyabonakala. Yilapho amanye amazwe abuyisela kwaye adibanisa iintlawulo zabo. Ngoku iinkampani zasekhaya zithumela ngaphandle. Njengoko amashishini ahlupheka, alala nabasebenzi abasanda kuqashwa. Ukurhweba kwehlabathi lonke kuhla kwaye wonke umntu uhlupheka.
Oku kwenzeka ngexesha lokuPhukisa okukhulu . Amazwe akhuselweyo imisebenzi yasekhaya ngokunyusa amaxabiso angeniso ngamaxabiso. Olu khuselo lokurhweba ngokukhawuleza lwanciphisa urhwebo jikelele jikelele njengoko ilizwe emva kwelizwe lilandelekile. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhweba kwehlabathi lonke kuye kwancipha iipesenti ezingama-65. Ukufumanisa ezinye iziphumo zoLwaphulo olukhulu .
Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, iUnited States yaqalisa ukuxoxisana neentlawulo ezincinane ngamazwe angama-15. Bebe-Australia, iBelgium, iBrazil , eCanada, eChina , eCuba, eCzechoslovakia, eFransi, e- Indiya , eLuxembourg, eNetherlands, eNew Zealand, eMzantsi Afrika nase- United Kingdom .
Ngomhla kaJanuwari 1, 1948, isiVumelwano esiPhezulu malunga neRhafu kunye noRhwebi saqala ukusebenza ngamazwe angama-23. Ezi ziyi-15 zokuqala, kunye neMyanmar, iSri Lanka, iChile, iLebhanon, iNorway, iPakistan, iSouth Rhodesi, neSiriya.
Oku kwaphakamisa zonke izithintelo zorhwebo ezingaxhaswanga kunye noqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe lufumene.
U mzekelo
I-United States inemigaqo-nkqubo yezorhwebo engeyiyo ngaphantsi kweNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaBathandayo. Yilapho amazwe athuthukileyo anika iintlawulo ezikhethiweyo ezizweni ezikhulayo. Yaqalwa ngoJanuwari 1, 1976, nguMthetho woRhwebo we-1974.
I-GSP yase-US inikezela ngesimo esingenasimo sokuqhuba ama-5,000 angeniswa kumazwe angama-120. Oku kubandakanya ama-43 kumazwe aphuhliswayo aphuculweyo. Ezi ziquka i-Afghanistan, iBangladesh, iBhutan, iKambodia, iNepal, neYemen. Ikwabandakanya namazwe angama-38 ase-Afrika aphantsi koMthetho wokuKhula kunye neNdawo yamaAfrika.
Ngo-2015, ukuthengiswa kwamaxabiso angenanto ngaphandle kwe-GSP bekuyi $ 18.7 yezigidigidi.
I-GSP ineenjongo ezintathu. Eyokuqala kukunciphisa amaxabiso angeniso kumazwe aseMerika.
Esi sizathu esinye isizathu sokuthi ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuye kwancipha. Impumelelo yeWal-Mart kunye nezinye izithengisi eziphantsi kweendleko zixhomekeke kwimveliso engenakho ukuhlawulwa kwamaxabiso kula mazwe.
Injongo yesibini kukunceda amazwe abe yimarike ethe tye kumazwe angaphandle . Ekubeni amazwe amancinci, umthamo wale mveliso awunikeli ukhuphiswano olukhulu kwiinkampani zase-US. Kodwa banikezela abathengi abaninzi.
Injongo yesithathu kukuqhubela phambili iinjongo ze-US zangaphandle. Amazwe kufuneka ahlale ngamalungelo abasebenzi base-US kunye namalungelo epropati yolwazi. Oku kunceda ukukhusela iinkqubo zeenkampani zaseMerika, ilungelo lobunikazi kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa iimpahla. Amalungelo abasebenzi aphakamisa imigangatho yokuphila kulawo mazwe. Oku kwenza ukuba bancintisane nabasebenzi base-US kwaye ba khusela imisebenzi yaseMerika.