Ngaba Ngaba Unayo Ulawulo Olukhulu?
UkuPhakamisa ukuKhuselwa kweNtlalontle yintetho ekhutshisiweyo kangangokuba iWashington iyakwazi ukuphepha ukuthetha. Nangona inkqubo yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi yesizwe ibonakala ifuna ukuguqulwa, ingxaki ikwahlukana kakhulu neWashington ngokubanzi ukuba iqhubeke.
Kodwa ngaba iya kusebenza? Ngaba ukufihla Ubume beKhuseleko loLuntu kuba yintoni elondolozela inkqubo kwaye yenza ukuba kube yimoto engcono yomhlalaphantsi? Icala ngalinye linemibono yabo.
Ukubuyiswa okuphantsi
Okokuqala kukho umbandela weentlawulo eziphantsi. I-Social Security Trust ithembisa imali ekhethekileyo. Inokutshala imali kwii-securities zentengiso, kodwa ngo-2018, ayikho. Ngamanye amagama, i-trust ithengisa yona-yonke inkokheli ekhutshwe ngu rhu lumente.
Ngenxa yoko, ukubuya kudla ngokubaluleka kakhulu kumakethi. Ngonyaka we-2016, izinga lokubuyisela kuwo wonke utyalo-mali lwama-3.154 ekhulwini-aphantsi kakhulu kunama- 11,9 ekhulwini abuya abukwa ngu-S & P 500 ngaloo nyaka. Abachasene bayakuxela ukuba izibophelelo zingabonakali kakhulu kwiminyaka emininzi kodwa ngeminye iminyaka, i-gap isincinci. Ngethuba leminyaka yokubuyiswa kweemakethe zentengiso embi, iibhondi zinika ukhuseleko lomnatha.
Akukho mntu ukholelwa ukuba ukuthembela kufuneka kuthathe umngcipheko wokuba kuzo zonke iisitokthi kodwa ukuba inxalenye yesalathisi yoLuntu lweNtlalo ifumaneke kwi-investment yomntu, umnini-akhawunti angakhetha ukuthatha umngcipheko omncinci ngakumbi, ngokungqinelana nabo cwangciso.
Abaxhasi bakholelwa ukuba ukuba i-401 (k) iingxelo ziyimfuneko kubo bonke abemi, ukuguquguquka kwindlela imali etyalomalileyo eyenza ngayo izinga eliphezulu lokubuyela. Nangona iipesenti ezimbalwa eziphakamileyo ziphezulu kakhulu inani lemali engenayo ngaphezu kweminyaka okanye emashumi.
Kanye njengamaninzi angama-401 (k), abemi babe noluhlu lweemali okanye ii-ETF zokukhetha.
Ngoncedo lweengcali zezezimali, abemi bangakhetha ukuxuba imali ehambelana neprofayili yabo yengozi.
Ukutshala imali kwiNkqubo engehlukileyo
Abachasene nokubambisa i-Social Security baxela ukuba ilizwe sele lineenkqubo zokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ezizimeleyo ezilawulwa ngabemi-yi-401 (k), i-IRA kunye nezinye i-akhawunti ezilungisiweyo zerhafu kodwa kunye nabaseMerika ngoku ngokukrakra emva kokulondoloza umhlalaphantsi, imbono yokubanika ukulawula ngaphezulu imali yabo yomhlala-phantsi kunokukwenza okuncinci kakhulu kunoko kodwa baqhube phambili emva kokubi kakhulu.
Nangona ixabiso lokutsalwa kwe-401 (k) liqhubeka liphakama, inani lexabiso le-akhawunti yomntu oneminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphaya li-$ 60,000. Ukuba bahlala eminye iminyaka engama-20, loo nto i-$ 3,000 ngonyaka ngaphambi kwentlawulo. Hlanganisa inzuzo ekhoyo yokhuseleko loluntu malunga ne-$ 1,360 ngomntu ngamnye, ophuma kuma-20,000 ngonyaka ngonyaka phambi kweerhafu. Akunakusondeza yonke imali yonyaka.
Ngubani ohlawulayo?
Abachasene nabo bavakalisa ukuba akulula nje ukuphambukisa imali kwenye indawo. Ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalo lunamatyala ekufuneka akhokhe inkqubo yangoku. Imali engenayo evela kubanamhlanje inceda ukuhlawula loo matyala. Ukubeka nayiphi na isahlulo se-trust kwi-akhawunti yangasese kuya kuphantse kuqinisekiswe inkqubo.
Abacebisi bathi iingcambu zentengiso ayithethi ukuba uXhumo lweNtlalo luya kulahla ukulawulwa kweemali-mali kuphela ukuba abanini be-akhawunti baya kuthi bathetha njani ukuba loo mali ityalomali.
Okulandelayo, ngenxa yokuba iThuseleko loLuntu lweNtlalo lifaka imali kurhulumente wephondo, iindleko zolawulo ze-mali ziphantsi kakhulu. Abafumanayo abahlawulanga imali ephezulu edla ngezinye iindawo ezizimeleyo, ezityala-mali-based. Ukudala ukhetho oluyimfihlo lithetha iindleko ezongezelelweyo kunye neendleko ngenye yemithombo emikhulu yokusebenza okulahlekileyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ekugqibeleni, i-AARP yenza ingxabano yokuba uLuntu loKhuseleko loLuntu aluyinkqubo yotyalo-mali kwaye akufanele iphathwe njengolu hlobo. Njengenkqubo yomshuwalense, inendima kukuvelisa ukubuyela ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuzinzileyo kubomi bomntu kunye neentsapho zabo. Inendima ayiyiyo ukudala uzuzo lwentengiso lwangaphandle.
Siyicinga Njani?
Abantu baseMerika, ngokubanzi, baxutywa kwi-Privatehood ye-Social Security. I-Gallup ifumene ukuba ama-53 ekhulwini abantu baxhasa inkxaso-mali xa i-44 ekhulwini ichasene. Nangona uluntu luvakalelwa kakhulu kwixesha elide, iinkcukacha kunye neengxaki zinikezelwa kunye nombuzo-kuba akukho mntu owaziyo iinkcukacha.
Yintoni ecacileyo kukuba nangona i-Social Security njengamanje ingumthombo oyintloko wemvuzo ngenani elikhulayo labemi baseMelika, umba awubalulekanga kumaMerika njengabanye.