Impendulo elula kukuba ikharari yamatyala ekhredithi ngumthwalo wemboleko-kungekhona nawuphi na umntu-ngakumbi xa eboleka ngabanye. Kodwa iimeko zangempela-zobomi ziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngaphezu koko, ababolekisi bangabangela ukudideka nokwesaba xa bethetha abahlobo kunye nosapho ukuba basebenzise imali yabo ukuhlawula amatyala omnye umntu.
Impahla Yakho Ilizwe Iintlawulo
Ifa lakho linakho konke onakho xa usweleka, njengemali kwi-akhawunti yebhanki, kwi-real estate kunye nezinye izinto. Emva kokufa, ifa lakho liza kulungiswa, oku kuthetha ukuba umntu onetyala unelungelo lokuhlawulwa kwifa lakho, kwaye ke nayiphi na impahla esele iya kudluliselwa kwiindlalifa zakho.
Ababoleki banomlinganiselo omncinane wexesha lokuqokelela ngamatyala. Ummeli wakho (okanye umqhubi) makaxelele ababolekisi bokudlula kwakho. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngezaziso ezipapashiweyo kunye nokunxibelelana okuthunyelwe ngqo kubalimi. Emva koko, amatyala ahlaziywe de kube zonke iitalato ziyanelisekile okanye ifa lakho liphuma ngemali.
Azikho izinto ezikhoyo? Ukuba i-estate yakho ayinayo i-ashizi eyaneleyo yokufihla zonke iimali zakho, ababolekisi baphuma kwintlanka. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unayo i-$ 10,000 kwisikwere kwaye i-asethi yakho kuphela i $ 2,000 ebhankini, ababolekisi bakho baya kubhala nayiphi na ibhalansi engabhawulwa kwaye bathathe ilahleko.
Ipropati ingathengiswa: Ifa lakho liquka izinto ezifana nekhaya lakho, izithuthi, ubucwebe kunye nokunye. Naliphi na impahla eya kwindawo yakho ifumaneka ukuwanelisa ababolekisi bakho. Ngaphambi kokuba usasaze ifa kwiindlalifa (nokuba ulandela imiyalelo ngokuthanda okanye emva komthetho welizwe), ummeli wakho ufanele uqinisekise ukuba zonke iibango zamatyala ziye zaphathwa.
Ukuba akukho mali eyaneleyo ekhoyo yokuhlawula iindleko, ifa lingadinga ukuthengisa into ethile yokwenza imali.
Ingaba umdlalo ofanelekileyo wendlu? Kungenzeka ukuba i-estate iya kufuneka ithengise ikhaya ukuba lihlawule iibhidi zamatyala kunye netyala. Nangona kunjalo, umthetho welizwe unquma ukuba zeziphi izenzo ezitholakalayo kubathengi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iinkundla zendawo zithatha isigqibo sokuba ukuba ifa lifuna ukuthengisa ikhaya okanye ukuba izibheno zibekwe ekhaya.
Ngaba izindlalifa zihlawula? Ifa lihlawula ityala phambi kokuba ipropati idluliselwe kwiindlalifa. Oku kungadideka ukuba umntu ukulindele ukuba azuze i-asethi ethile-i-asethi ayizange ishintshe izandla, kwaye ingenakufika kummkeli oyifunayo ukuba kufuneka adayiswe. Ngelishwa, iindlalifa, zivakalelwa ngathi zihlawula ityala, kodwa ngokoqobo ifa lihlawula.
Ipropati engeyiyo
Ipropati kuphela kwifa iyafumaneka ukuhlawula ityala. Iimpahla ziyakwazi, kwaye zisoloko ziyenzayo, zidluliselwe kwiindlalifa ngaphandle kokungena okanye ziba yingxenye yefa.
Akwafumaneki kubabolekisi: Xa iifayili zithengisa i-probate, ayifuni ukuba zisetyenziswe ukuhlawula amatyala. Ababolekisi ngokubanzi abakwazi ukuhamba emva kweempahla eziya ngqo kwiindlalifa, nangona kukho ukungabikho.
Umxhamli otyunjweyo: Ezinye iintlobo zeefa zinomxhamli otyunjweyo okanye imiyalelo ethile malunga nendlela yokusingatha iimpahla emva kokufa komnini-akhawunti.
Umxhamli ngumntu okanye iqumrhu elikhethwe ngumnini ukuba lifumane ifa xa usweleka. Ngokomzekelo, i-akhawunti yomhlala-phantsi (njenge-IRA okanye i-401k) kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ye-inshorensi yobomi inika ithuba lokusebenzisa abaxhamli. Ngohlobo olufanelekileyo lwabaxhamli, i-asethi inokudlula ngqo kumxhamli ngaphandle kokungqinelana. Ukuqeshwa kwabaxhamli ngaphezu kweminye imiyalelo ekuthandeni (ukuthanda akuthandi ukuba oko kuya kusebenza kuphela kwiimpahla eziyingxenye yelifa, kwaye izikhundla ezixhamliweyo zivumela ukuba ugqithe ifa ngokupheleleyo).
Ukuqeshana okuhlangeneyo: Enye yezona ndlela eziqhelekileyo ukuba iimpahla zithi ziphephe ukungqinelana, zihlala kunye kunye namalungelo okuhlala . Ngokomzekelo, isibini sinokuba ne-akhawunti njengabaqeshi abadibeneyo. Xa omnye wabo efa, umnini osaphila ngokukhawuleza uba ngumnini omtsha weepesenti ezingama-100.
Kukho inzuzo kunye neqhinga kule ndlela, ngoko uvavanye zonke iinketho ngegqwetha-musa ukwenza oko ukuphepha ukuhlawula amatyala.
Okunye okukhethwa kukho: Kukho ezinye iindlela ezininzi zokugcina iimpahla ezivela kwiinkqubo (kubandakanywa amathenda kunye namanye amalungiselelo). Thetha nommeli wecebo lomhlaba ukuba ufumane malunga neenketho zakho.
Umtshato kunye neMpahla yoLuntu
Kwezinye iimeko, iqabane eliseleyo limele lihlawule amatyala afunyanwa ngumlingane oshonile-nokuba loo mlingane ohlala esazange asayine isivumelwano somboleko okanye nokuba wazi ukuba ityala likhona. Kwi- propati yepropati , iimali zomtshato ezidibeneyo zidibeneyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ingxaki. Ipropati yoluntu ichaza i-Arizona, iCalifornia, i-Idaho, eLouisana, i-Nevada, iNew Mexico, iTexas, i-Washington ne-Wisconsin. Abemi baseAlaska banokukhetha unyango lwamaziko oluntu ngokunjalo.
Hlola kunye nommeli wengingqi ukuba ujongene nokuhlawula iibhilidi zomntu oshonile. Kwaye kwipropati yomhlaba, kukho amathuba okuba amanye amatyala apheliswe.
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Kwezinye iimeko, izalamane kunye nabahlobo kufuneka bahlawule amatyala kumntu obolekayo owafa. Oku kudla ngokuba kunjalo xa ababoleki abaninzi be-akhawunti.
Iingxelo ezihlangene zi-akhawunti ezivulwe ngumboleki omnye. Oku kuqhelekileyo kwizibini ezitshatileyo, kodwa kunokwenzeka nakuphi na ubambiswano (kubandakanye ubudlelwane obuhlobene nezoshishino). Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntu ngamnye obolekayo yi-100 ekhulwini elijongene netyala kwikhadi lekhredithi. Akunandaba nokuba awuzange usebenzise leli khadi okanye ukuba wabelana ngeendleko 50/50.
Ukwahlula ngumsebenzi onobubele kuba uyingozi . Umququzeleli usebenza ngetyala kunye nomnye umntu, kwaye umlinganiselo wekhredithi omhle we-cosigner kunye nengeniso eqinile inceda umbolekayo ukuba avunywe. Nangona kunjalo, abanobhala abayi kuboleka-konke abakwenzayo kuqinisekisa ukuba mboleko iya kuhlawulwa. Ukuba ubhawula kunye nomboleki uyafa, kufuneka uhlawule imali. Kukho okunye okungafaniyo (umzekelo, ukufa komntu obolekisa ngemboleko-mboleko kungabangela ukukhutshwa kwemali-okanye ezinye iingxaki), kodwa abaqeshi kufuneka bahlale bekulungele ukukwazi ukuhlawula imali mboleko.
Abasebenzisi abagunyazisiweyo? Abanini bamakhadi abongezelelweyo abangekho mfuneko yokuhlawula ityala lekhadi lekhredithi xa umntu obolekayo oyintloko efa. Laba bantu bavunyelwe ukuba basebenzise ikhadi, kodwa abanalo isivumelwano esisemthethweni kunye nomniki wekhadi lesikweletu. Ngenxa yoko, umniki wekhadi lokuthenga ngekhredithi ngokuqhelekileyo akakwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo omthetho kumsebenzisi ogunyazisiweyo okanye ukulimaza ityala lomsebenzisi. Oko kwathiwa, ukuba ungumsebenzisi ogunyazisiweyo kwaye ufuna ukuthatha ikhadi (okanye inombolo yekhadi) emva kokuba umboleki oyintloko efa, unokukwenza njalo. Uya kufuneka ufake isicelo kunye nomniki wekhadi uze uvumeleke ngokusekelwe kwizikolo zakho zemali kunye nenzuzo.
Ukukrexeza ababolekisi yinto ekhethekileyo kuyo yonke into engentla. Umzekelo, ukuba kuyacaca ukuba ukufa kusondele kwaye umntu ofileyo akayi kuba nayiphi na impahla yokubuyisela iibhilidi, kunokusilingela ukuba uye kwi-spree (okanye wenze imali yokurhoxisa imali) njengomsebenzisi ogunyazisiweyo. Ukuba iinkundla zenza isigqibo sokuba le nto yayingekho mthethweni, umsebenzisi ogunyazisiweyo unokuhlawula ityala.
Xa abatyala abaTyala beeNxeba
Ukusingatha amatyala emva kokufa kunokudideka. Ukongezelela kokuxinzezeleka kwengqondo kunye nemisebenzi engapheliyo edinga ukunakwa, unesiseko sokudideka kwemithetho yokuqokelela amatyala ukuze ubambisane nayo.
Abaqokeleli banokuthi baqhagamshelane nosapho kunye nabahlobo bomboleki oshonile, kodwa imithetho iyahluka ukusuka kummandla ukuya kutsho. Ababoleki akufanele baphambukise nabani na ongenakufuneka ukuba abuyisele ityala. Umthetho uvumela kuphela olu hlobo loqhagamshelwano ukunika ababolekisi ithuba lokuthintana nomntu ophethe indawo yomntu oshonile (ummeli wakhe okanye umqhubi).
Musa ukuxhamla kwimigudu yokuqokelela. Cela ukuba zonke iinkcukacha zisebenzise ukubhala, kwaye ugweme ukubonelela nayiphi na inkcazelo yakho (ngakumbi iNombolo yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo) kubaqokeleli beetyala. Ukuba abaqokeleli beza endlwini yakho, ungabacela ukuba bayeke .
Ngamanye amaxesha abaqokeleli balahlekisa abo bathandekayo, benze ukuba bacinge ukuba kufuneka bahlawule ityala. Uninzi lwabaqokeleli beetyala luyinyaniso, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kukho iipulale ezimbi ngaphandle apho. Ukuba ungekho uxanduva lwetyala, thumela abathengisi kunye nabaqokeleli beetyala kummeli ophethe loo ndawo. Ngabantu abaqokelelwayo abaqhubekayo, ukubhala-kubhaliweyo-ukuba bayeke ukunxibelelana nawe.
Ukuba iifayili zidlula kuwe , ezo zimpahla mhlawumbi ayinakudlala umdlalo wabathengi. Ukucinga ukuba amaziko abameli kunye namaziko asebenzayo asebenza kakuhle ngokufanelekileyo, ifa lakho elizuze ilifa kufuneka libe ngaphaya kwamandla abo. Nangona kunjalo, jonga ummeli xa ungathandabuzeki.
Fumana uncedo lomthetho xa umntu ecela ukuba uhlawule ityala lekhadi lesikweletu lomntu ofile. Abaqokeleli badla ngokudideka kwaye bafuna ukuqokelela. Ngamanye amaxesha banokungathembekanga. Ungacingi ukuba unecala nje ngokuba umntu uthi ungubani.
Iingcebiso kubaboleki
Ukuba unetyala lekhadi lesikwereti, kulungile ukucwangcisa phambili-unokwenza izinto zibe lula kuwo wonke umntu ngexesha lokufa kwakho.
Ukucwangciswa kwezindlu yinkqubo yokucwangcisa ukufa , kwaye yinto efanelekileyo kuyo yonke into (isisityebi okanye ihlwempu). Ngelo xesha, uya kubhala izihloko ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuthanda kwakho, izikhokelo zonyango, iimfuno zokugqibela kunye nokunye. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane ubunzima obunzima kwaye usebenzise amathenda okulawula iimpahla emva kokuba udlule.
Ubomshuwarensi bomi unokukunceda ukuhlawula ityala xa usweleka. Ngokukodwa ukuba omnye umntu uya kuba noxanduva lwakho ityala, inshorensi yobomi ikhusela abathandekayo bakho. Ingasetyenziselwa nayiphi na injongo, kuquka ukuhlawula ityala lekhadi lesikratshi okanye iimali-mboleko zasekhaya ( kubandakanye nemali-mboleko yezindlu ).
Yenza lula imali yakho ngaphambi kokuba ufe-izinto ziya kuba lula kakhulu kumphathi wakho. Ukuba unamaqela amaninzi angasebenzisiweyo, qwa lasela ukuvala (kodwa qaphela nayiphi na imiphumo yomvuzo wakho ). Iingxowa-mali ezazisasazeka ngeenxa zonke zinokuhlanganiswa kwindawo enye , kwaye ungasindisa imali kwimali.
Jonga abaxhamli bakho kunye nabanikazi beakhawunti. Xa ixabiso lidlulela kumxhamli otyunjweyo, banokuthi bafumane i-probate kwaye bangafumaneki kubabolekisi. Okufanayo inokubamba inyaniso kwi-akhawunti edibeneyo kunye namalungelo okusinda. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awunabo abaxhamlileyo, i-asethi ingashukunyiswa ukuya kwindawo yakho yokuhlala (khangela i-akhawunti yakho yomhlala-phantsi kunye nenkampani yomshuwalense womshuwalense ukuze ufumanise ukuba imigaqo yabo yintoni-iyahluka ukusuka kwinkampani kuya kwinkampani). Xa iimpahla zihlala kwindawo yakho, zimele zihambe ekuhlawuleleni ityala. Ukuphonononga ngokukhawuleza abaxhamli baxhamli kwixesha elizeleyo ukuze baqinisekise ukuba basengqiqweni.
Iingcebiso kubaphathi
Ukuba ungumqhubi welifa (okanye ummeli okanye umlawuli, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko), kubalulekile ukuphatha ngokufanelekileyo imboleko yomboleki.
Fumana izatifikethi zokufa ezingaphezulu. Uya kufuneka unike isaziso kwimibutho emininzi. Iimfuneko ze "ikopi" yesatifikethi sokufa ziyahluka, kodwa kukulungele ukuba namaxwebhu aseburhulumenteni avela kwiSebe lakho loLwazi lweeVital-fumana ngaphezulu kunokuba ucinga ukuba uya kuyidinga.
Yazisa ababolekisi ukuba umboleki uyadlulayo. Hlola nommeli wendawo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba unikezele isaziso esaneleyo (unokuba ungabazi bonke ababolekisi, ngoko uya kufuna indlela yokufumana ulwazi kubaboleki abangaziwa). Ukuzisa ababolekisi banqanda umntu ukuba ahlasele ityala kumntu ofileyo.
Yazisa ngoLawulo loKhuseleko loLuntu lokufa. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela ukwebiwa kwezinto kunye nezinye iingxaki, kwaye kunokuba luncedo kubabolekisi.
Fumana ingxelo yekredithi yomntu ofileyo. Sebenzisa oku ukuchonga ababolekisi abangadinga ukwaziswa ngokufa komboleki. Nangona umbolekeki enokulinganisela, xelela bonke ababolekisi-ungafuni ikhadi lekhredithi (okanye inombolo yekhadi lesitaliti) ngaphandle apho ikhona kumasela.
Sebenza kunye negqwetha ukuba unokungabaza. Ixabiso elihlawulayo linokukunceda ugweme iimpazamo ezibizayo kunye nexesha.
Fumana umboniso omkhulu wemifanekiso yazo zonke izikweletu zomntu ofileyo. Ukuba i-estate ayinayo imali eyaneleyo yokuhlawula ngamnye umboleki-mali, kufuneka ubeke phambili phambili amatyala-usebenzisa umthetho welizwe njengesikhokelo sokululela uluhlu. Lindela ude wazi malunga nawo onke amabango ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwenza iintlawulo. Amatyala ekhadi lokuthenga ngamatyala ngokuqhelekileyo ancinci uluhlu (ngelixa iirhafu, iindleko zokugqibela, kunye nenkxaso yabantwana ithatha phambili).
Musa ukwabiwa kweempahla kwiindlalifa uze ube neepesenti ezili-100 ezithile ukuba izibambiso ezisemthethweni zemali-mboleko zihlawulwe. Akukho mntu ufuna ukwenza izindlalifa zilindele, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba zonke iinkcukacha zichaneke. Njengomphathi, awunabo uxanduva lokuhlawulwa kwetyala lokufa kwiimali zakho, kodwa unokubanjelwa uqobo lwakho ukuba wenza iphutha kwaye uhluleka ukuhlawula ibango elivumelekileyo.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziTyala
Uluhlobo lwetyala enolwazi. Kwakhona, kukho into ephambili ekuhlawulwa ngayo amatyala (kwaye njani), kwaye ityala lekhadi lesikweletu liphantsi kweloluhlu.
Imboleko mboleko: Inkokhelo yamakhadi eitaliti yindlela yokubolekisa ngemali , kunye nezinye iimali-mboleko zemali zilawulwa ngokufanayo. Akukho nkonkcoko efunekayo ukukhusela umboleko , ukuze abanini-mboleko banelithemba lokuba ilifa liya kuba nepahla efanelekileyo yokubuyisela ityala.
Iimbolekiso zabafundi: Ityala leMfundi nalo likhuselekile kwiimeko ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, le ngxowa-mali ihlawulwa ngamanye amaxesha (okanye ixolelwe) ekufeni komboleki. Ngokukodwa kunye nemali-mboleko yezemfundo, ezithengwa ngabathengi ngaphezu kwemali-mboleko yabucala, kunethuba elihle lokuba ityala linokupheliswa. Ababolekisi ngabangasese bangafaka imigaqo yabo .
Imali-mboleko yasekhaya: Xa uthengisa ikhaya ngemali eboleweyo, loo mboleko ikhuselekile ngokuqhagamshelana nepropati . Lelo tyala limele lihlawulwe, okanye umboleki angathatha ipropati ngokusebenzisa ukuchithwa kwempahla , athengise, kwaye athathe into ebolekiweyo. Ukubolekwa kwemali yesibini kunye neengxowa-mali zokulingana ekhaya kukushiya kwindawo efanayo. Umthetho wase-Federal wenza kube lula kumalungu athile osapho kunye neziindlalifa zokuthatha imali mboleko ekhaya kwaye ugcine indlu yentsapho, ngoko ungalindeli ukuba umboleki-mboleko angaphinde ahlawule ngokukhawuleza.
Iimali mboleko ezizimele : Iimali mboleko zemizi-mboleko yemali nazo ziqinisekisiwe iimali-mboleko apho isithuthi sithatha. Ukuba iintlawulo zimisa, umnini - mboleko unokubuyisela imoto . Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi ababolekayo bafuna ukuhlawulwa, kwaye abayi kubuyiselwa xa umntu ethatha iintlawulo.
Xa ekungabaza
Fumana uncedo ukuba awuqiniseki ukuba ungayisingatha njani imeko-akukho nto iphosakeleyo ngokwenza njalo. Umntu oshonile ukhethe wena ngokusekelwe kwisigwebo sakho, kwaye unokugqiba ukuba uncedo oluthile lufunekayo (kwaye iindlalifa ziza kufuneka zijongane naloo nto). Ukubeka indawo emva kokufa kuyinkqubo enzima. Ukuphazamiseka kwemvakalelo yokulahlekelwa ngumthandayo kunokukwenza kube nzima. Uncedo lobuchwephesha kumagosa asekuhlaleni kunye nabagcini-zimali banokukukhokela kwinkqubo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba izinto azibi nakakhulu.