Ummkeli we-Annuity, iRA, okanye iNzuzo yoKufa
Abaxhamli bafumaneke kuphela kwiintlobo ezithile ze-akhawunti, njenge:
- Iikontraki zemali
- Ii-akhawunti zomhlalaphantsi ngamnye (IRAs) kunye nezinye ii-akhawunti zomhlalaphantsi
- Iinshorensi yobomi bomshuwalense
Kutheni ufumana inzuzo?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukhetha okanye awukhethi umxhamli isigqibo somntu siqu. Hlola zonke iinketho kunye nomcebisi wakho wezezimali kunye nommeli wecebo lokuceba.
Ukucaca: ngokunika umxhamli, uyacacisa ukuba ubani omele athathe i-asethi yakho xa usweleka. Oku kususa nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iingxabano phakathi kwamalungu osapho asele kunye nabangani abangabhikisana ukuba umntu ofileyo wayefuna ukuba umntu athathe ifa.
Ukukhawuleza: ukukhetha umxhamli uqhubela phambili izinto kwi-beneficiary ekhethiweyo - kudla ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula ukubiza ibhunga njengomxhamli otyunjweyo. Akukho mfuneko yokulinda iinkqubo ze-probate (ezinokuthatha inyanga okanye ixesha elide kwaye zifuna ukulinda ezinye iimpahla eziza kuthethwa ngazo). Esikhundleni saloo, umxhamli obizwa ngokuba ngumntu onokuthi unokuthi afune amatyala ngokukhawuleza xa ukufa kwesigwebo kubhaliweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubonelela ngeemviwo ezifana nesitifiketi sokufa kunye nefidavithi yeendawo zokuhlala.
Ukongezelela, utyunjwa oluxhamlayo luhlala lugqithisa (okanye lukhulu) imiyalelo ngokuthanda - oko kuya kusebenza kuphela kwiimpahla ezingenazo abaxhamliweyo.
Iintlobo zabaxhamli
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zabaxhamli:
- Baxhamli ba phambili
- Abaxhamliweyo
Abaxhamli beli- Primary baqala ukhetho lomnini we-akhawunti kumntu oxhamlayo.
Xa kwenzeka ukufa, umntu wokuqala onokuthi ibango i-asethi ngumxhamli oyintloko. Qaphela ukuba unokufumana abaxhamli bezona zimbini kwiimeko ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, unokufumana abathathu abaxhamli-phambili, bonke abafumana i-33.3% yeefa (becinga ukuba bonke bahlala ngexesha lokufa kwakho).
Abaxhamli abaxhamlayo bayasetyenziswa njengendlela yokugcina. Kwimeko apho kungekho baxhamli beprayimari abahlala kuyo, umxhamli ochaphazelekayo uthi i-asethi. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo yilo:
Umnini weakhawunti uthabathe umfazi wakhe njengomcebisi oyintloko. Wayeza kufumana zonke iimpahla ekufeni kwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, indoda nomfazi babulawa kunye (ngexesha elinye) kwingozi yemoto. Ngoko ke, akukho mzuzwana ohlala kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, i-asethi iya kuya kumxhamli oncedisayo (ukuba kukho).
Umthetho kaRhulumente uchaza indlela i-asethi iyenziwa ngayo xa kungekho mntu unelungelo lokufumana inzuzo, okanye xa kungekho nabani na abaxhamli bafumana ixabiso.
Kwizo zibini ezibalulekileyo, kukho ezinye iinqunto ezingenziwa (kwakhona, thetha nommeli wendawo kunye nomcwangcisi wezemali ngaphambi kokuba wenze izigqibo). Unokuthiwa ngabaxhamli ngabanye, okanye ungasebenzisa ezinye iindlela, kuquka:
- Ukubiza intlangano okanye ibutho njengelungelo lakho
- Ukutyunjwa kwamagama
- Ukutyunjwa kwegama ngalinye
Ngokukodwa xa ucinga ngabantwana, izizukulwana ezininzi okanye ithuba lokufumana abaxhamli, baqakathekile ukuba baqonde ukuba izikhundla ezixhamliweyo zisebenza njani kwaye ziziphi izinto ozikhethayo. Eli phepha alinakufikelela kule nkcukacha ngokwaneleyo ukukukhokela - kodwa ngethemba lokuba uya kufumana iimbono kwizinto ezifuna ukuxoxwa kunye nomcwangcisi wakho wezemali.
Ungaze ucinge ukuba uyazi ukuba iifayili zakho ziya kuhanjiswa njani. Amaziko eemali ahlukeneyo asebenzisa iindlela ezahlukileyo, kwaye angenako ukukhethwa kwinto ethile, nokuba awuyikucela loo khetho kwifom yokutyunjwa.
Ukuba uya kushiya imali kubantwana, kubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthetha nommeli wezocwangciso. Abancinci (ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18) abavunyelwe ukuba baneengxelo ezithile zabo .
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba imali iya kumntwana okanye isetyenziselwa inzuzo-nokuba umntu omdala uphatha imali.
Ukuhlaziya rhoqo
Ukubeka abaxhamliyo akusiyo into yodwa. Qiniseka ukuba uhlolisisa iingubo zakho zokufumana umxhamli ngamnye kwiminyaka embalwa - kwaye ngokukodwa emva kwezehlakalo zempilo ezifana nemitshato, ukwahlukanisa, ukuzalwa kunye nokufa. Izinto zinokuba zatshintshile kuwe okanye ngabaxhamli bakho, kwaye kunokuba kunengqiqo ukwenza utshintsho.
Ezinye iindidi zeakhawunti akukuvumeli ukuba utshintshe umxhamli wakho, kodwa baninzi.