Iingqinisiso ezi-4 zoPhuhliso, iNkxaso yeSondlo, uMthetho woNikezelo kunye neMfuno
Esi sithuba sithuba sibalulekile kuba ukubonelela ngeenguqu kuncinci kunexabiso. Ngokomzekelo, imfuno ingavuka ngokukhawuleza, kodwa iinkampani azikwazi ukunyusa imveliso ngokukhawuleza. Xa imfuno ihla, iyakuthatha iinyanga zenkampani ukunciphisa ukubonelelwa.
Kufuneka bavale iifeksi baze balahla abasebenzi.
Yingakho kukho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokunikezelwa kwexesha elifutshane ngokubhekiselele kwixesha elide. Ukunikezelwa kwexesha elifutshane kuncike kwixabiso. Njengoko imfuno iphakama, abathengi bazimisele ukuhlawula ixabiso eliphezulu. Amashishini aya kukwandisa ukubonelela ukufumana inzuzo ukusuka kumaxabiso aphezulu ade afinyelele amandla abo okwangoku.
Kwixesha elide, ukuba ixabiso kunye neemfuno zihlala ziphakamileyo, iinkampani zinokunyusa ukubonelelwa. Banexesha lokunyusa abasebenzi, umatshini, kunye neefomishini ezifunekayo.
Isixa esinikiweyo sigqitywe yimimiselo emine yokubonelela . Isixa esinikiweyo sibizwa ngezinga lemvelo lemveliso. Ukutshintsha kwezoqoqosho ezifutshane kufutshane kungenzeka ngaphandle kokuchaphazela izinga lokuphuma kwexesha elide. I-United States inobuninzi bezinto zokuvelisa. Okuvumela iinkampani zaseMerika ukuba zivelise iipesenti ezingama-20 zeenkonzo zehlabathi. Ezi zinto ezine zilandelayo ziqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwexesha elide.
- Sebenzi . Abantu abasebenzela ubomi. Ixabiso lezabasebenzi lixhomekeke kwimfundo yabasebenzi, izakhono kunye nezizathu. Umvuzo okanye ingeniso yomsebenzi ngumvuzo. I-United States inabasebenzi abakhulu, abanezakhono nabaselula abaphendula ngokukhawuleza ukutshintsha iimfuno zoshishino. Kodwa ibhekene nokunyuka komsebenzi wokukhuphisana kwamanye amazwe. Yingakho imisebenzi yaseMerika iphuma ngaphandle .
- Impahla Eyinkunzi . Izinto ezenziwe ngabantu, ezifana nemishini kunye nezixhobo, ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso. I-United States ingumvelisi wezobuchwepheshe ekudaleni iimpahla ezinkulu, ezivela kwiindiza ukuya kwiirobhothi. Imali engenayo evela kwiimpahla ezinkulu inomdla.
- Izibonelelo zendalo . Impahla eluhlaza kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswe ngabasebenzi ukudala ukubonelela. I-United States inokudibanisa okukhethekileyo komhlaba kunye namanzi. Unesimo sezulu esilingeneyo, iikhilomitha zamanxweme, kunye neoli eninzi. Ingeniso evela kulo irente.
- U shishino. Ukuqhutyelwa kwabanikazi boshishino ukuvelisa nokuvuselela. Ingeniso evela kule yinzuzo.
Imali-mali, njengemali kunye nekhredithi, ayiyona into yokuvelisa. Kunoko, isetyenziselwa ukuthenga izinto zokuvelisa. Ngamanye amazwi, akuyena yedwa inxalenye yento evelisiweyo. Kodwa ukukhululeka kokufumana imali-mali, nokuba i- stocks , izibophelelo, okanye iimboleko, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunikezeni. Esinye sezizathu zokuba uqoqosho lwase-US lunamandla kakhulu ukufumana imali enkulu.
I-Curgate Supply Curve
I-curve yokubonelela ichaza ukuba luya kubonelelwa bunjani ngokusekelwe kwintengo. Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo. Ukuba umntu ekubuza, "Uza kunika phi na?" Uza kuqala ubabuze, "Uza kundihlawula kangakanani?" Ukuba loo mpendulo yayinelisayo, ubuza kubuza, "Ndize kube nini na?" Ngamanye amagama, impendulo yakho iyahlukahluka ngokwexabiso kunye nexesha.
Yilokho i-curve yokubonelela ichaza. Ukuphakama kwexabiso kunye nexesha elide, ngaphezulu oza kuvelisa. Yingakho i-curve yokubonelela i-curve iyakwesokudla. I-curve supply supply idibanisa nje i-curves supply supply ngamnye umlimi kweli lizwe.
Isibonelelo soBonke kunye neNkxaso yokuBambisana
Ewe, wena kunye nomntu kufuneka uvumelane kunye nexabiso kunye nomhla wokugqibela. Ngamanye amazwi, loo mfuneko yekharityhulam yomntu kuya kufuneka idibanise nekharityhulam yakho yokunikezela. Xa yonke imfuno yezinto zonke kwilizwe zongezwa kunye, oko kuyimfuno ebanzi . Yonke into ekuhlaleni ixhomekeke kwindlela ezi zijika ngayo.
UMthetho woNikezelo kunye neMfuno
Isixa esinikezelwa sikhokelwa yimithetho yokubonelela kunye nokufunwa. Umthetho wokubonelela uthi ukunyuka kweenkonzo kukunyuka xa inani landa.
Umthetho wesidingo uthi imfuno iyancipha njengoko ixabiso landa. Ixabiso elifanelekileyo lixa umrhumo onikezelweyo ulingana nemali efunwa.
Ngamanye amagama, uqoqosho kufuneka lulandele le mithetho emithandathu:
- Isibonelelo kufuneka silingane nemfuno.
- Imfuno idala ukubonelela, kodwa ukubonelela akuyi kudala imfuno.
- Amaxabiso alungisa de ukubonelela ukulingana kwemfuno.
- Xa amaxabiso ahla, ama shishini a) ahla ukubonelela; b) ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza ukugcina iingeniso zengeniso; c) ukuphuma kwishishini, ngoko ukunciphisa ukuveliswa.
- Xa amaxabiso aphakama, amashishini anikezela ngakumbi kwixesha elifutshane ukuya kufikelela kumandla okwangoku. Kwixesha elide, banyusela izinto zokuvelisa ukuze bakwazi ukubonelela ngaphezulu. Basenokudala izinto ezifanayo okanye ezinxulumene nazo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno.
- Ukuba ukubonelelwa kunyanzelekile, amaxabiso aya kuqhubeka ephakama, ukudala ukunyuka kwamaxabiso .
Oko iUnited States Supplies
Isixa esinikwe ngumphumo. Ilinganiswa ngumkhiqizo owenziwe ekhaya . Kukho iingxenye ezine zeGDP . Eyokuqala, kwaye eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, iyisebenzisa . Kuyi-70 ekhulwini yokubonelela. Iquka iimpahla, ezifana neemoto kunye nezixhobo, kunye neenkonzo, ezifana nokunakekelwa kwempilo kunye neebhanki .
Utyalo-mali loshishino liyinxenye yesibini. Uninzi lwawo luquka utyinjwa kunye nezixhobo. Kodwa kuqukwa nokwakhiwa kwezorhwebo nokuhlala.
Icandelo lesithathu yintcitho karhulumente . Ininzi yale nto iya kwiNkcazo yeNtlalo, ukukhusela, kunye neMedare. Njengengxenye ye-GDP, iindleko zikaRhulumente zinokunyusa ukwanda koqoqosho ngaphandle kwemali. Uqoqosho lwe-Keynesian yiyo mbono echaza indlela oku kusebenza ngayo.
Ukuthengiswa kwe-Intanethi, isahlulo sesine, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Iindleko ezithengiswayo zongeza kwi-GDP, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuthatha. Uninzi lwezi zinto ziyinkunzi, njengemishini kunye nezixhobo, kunye neempahla zabathengi, ngokukodwa amayeza. Kukho ezinye izinto zokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle ezichaphazela ibhalansi yeentlawulo.