Ngaba Uphakathi KumaBanga Aphakathi?
Ingeniso ye-median ingaphakathi ngqo phakathi kweengeniso zemali. Isiqingatha seMerika senza ngaphezulu kwaye esinye isiqingatha senza ngaphantsi. I-US Census Bureau yabika ukuba umyinge we-median revenue was $ 59,039 nganye kwikhaya ngo-2016.
Indlu nayiphi na iqela labantu abahlala kunye. Ukusebenzisa iipesenti zePew Research, oko kuthetha ukuba amakhaya okwenza ngaphantsi kwamaRandi angama-39,554 ayingeniso ephantsi. Imindeni ezuza ubuncinane i-$ 118,072 iyingeniso ephakamileyo.
Ububanzi beNqanaba leNkcazo yamaBanga aphakathi
Ziziphi iimali eziyi-125.8 yezigidi zase-US eziwela kwingeniso nganye? Uluhlu lweeCensus Bureau aluhambelani ngokucacileyo kunye neenkcazelo zePew, kodwa oku kuya kukunika ingcamango jikelele. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ukuba amaphesenti angama-32 emakhaya ayingeniso ephantsi. Bafumana ngaphantsi kwama-35,000 wamawaka ngonyaka. Bawela phantsi kwe-Pew ye-income-income income ye $ 0- $ 37,866 ngonyaka.
Kule nqanaba elincinci lokufumana imali yilabo bahlala ngaphantsi komgca wentlupheko. Oko kuthetha ukuba iipesenti ezingama-22 zezindlu zonke zifumana ngaphantsi kwama-25,000 ngamawaka. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-42 zamakhaya ziphakathi. Bafumana phakathi kwama-35,000 ne-$ 100,000 ngonyaka.
Amaphesenti angaphantsi kwama-26 eemakhaya afumana ngaphezulu kwama-100 000 e-year ngonyaka.
Oku kufana ne-Pew iqela elifumana imali eliphezulu elenza ubuncinane i-$ 113,032 ngonyaka. I-Census Bureau ibona ukuba amakhaya angeniso eliphezulu ayenama-12.3 ekhulwini abafumana imali engaphezulu kwama-150,000.
Uninzi lwezopolitiko zithetha iindlu ezifumana umvuzo ophezulu njengama-6.1 ekhulwini abenza ngaphezulu kwama-$ 200,000. Bobabini uMongameli Obama kunye noMongameli uTrump basebenzise i-$ 200,000 njengobuncinci kwizinga eliphezulu lokuhlawula irhafu.
Le mizi ikhokhelwa ngaphezulu kwiirhafu ze-Obamacare . Baya kuhlawula i-33 yepesenti yentlawulo phantsi kwesicwangciso serhafu sikaTrump .
| Ubume beNgeniso yeMakhaya | Izigidi zezindlu | Ipesenti yeNkcitho | Amazwana |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ngaphantsi kwe $ 15,000 | 14.1 | 11.2% | Ubukhulu bobuhlwempu baseFransi |
| $ 15,000 - $ 24,999 | 12.1 | 9.6% | |
| $ 25,000 - $ 34,999 | 11.9 | 9.4% | Inkcitho ephantsi |
| $ 35,000 - $ 49,999 | 16.3 | 12.9% | Iklasi ephakathi |
| $ 50,000 - $ 74,999 | 21.5 | 17.0% | Median |
| $ 75,000 - $ 99,999 | 15.5 | 12.3% | Iklasi ephakathi |
| $ 100,000 - $ 149,999 | 17.8 | 14.1% | Umgangatho ophakathi ophezulu kunye nengeniso ephakamileyo |
| $ 150,000 - $ 199,999 | 8.3 | 6.6% | Ingeniso ephakamileyo |
| $ 200,000 + | 8.8 | 7.0% | Obama, Trump imali engenayo |
| YONKE | 126.3 | 100% |
(Umthombo: "2017 Inkcazo yeNgeniso yeMali, iThebhile HINC-01," Ubalo lwabantu base-US. ")
Indlela iPow Research Center ilinganisa ngayo iNkcazo ye-Middle-Class
I-Pew ikhetha njani iklasi eliphakathi? Iqala ngemali ye-US Census kwimali engenayo yemindeni nganye. (Indlu yeyiphi na iqela labantu abahlala kunye.) Uninzi lweengxelo zengeniso ziyasebenzisa le milinganiselo. I-Pew yabe yakha imigangatho eyahlukeneyo yezinga eliphezulu phakathi kwendawo nganye "yesithili sematriki." Ezi ziindawo zeCensus Bureau ezihambelana nezixeko. Iingxelo zePew zisebenzisa ii-229 zazo ezidibanisa ukuya kuma-76 ekhulwini kubemi besizwe.
Kutheni i-Pew iphula umyinge welizwe uhlawulelwa phantsi kwesixeko?
Oku kungenxa yokuba indleko yokuphila iyahluka kakhulu kulo lonke uhlanga. Umzekelo, ukuba uhlala eSan Francisco, imali engama-250,000 yengeniso yendlu ayikho iklasi eliphezulu. Kungenxa yeendleko zokuphila.
Phantse i-$ 65,000 ihamba kwiintlawulo zodwa. Kubiza i-$ 1.5 yezigidi ukufumana indlu kwindawo efanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, imali engenayo ephakathi kweSan Francisco iphakamileyo kakhulu kunesizwe. Yingakho kufuneka ukhangele kumazinga angeniso kazwelonke nakwimimandla ngaphambi kokuba uqikelele ukuba ungumgangatho ophakathi. Le-calculator ye-engenayo ye-CNN ephakathi iyakuthetha indlela obeka ngayo kwisixeko sakho. I sekelwe kuhlalutyo lwePew Research Centre.
Umgangatho ophakathi
Uhlala kwikhaya elingumgangatho ophakathi ukuba ufumana i-$ 39,554 kunye ne-118,072 yonyaka. Kodwa ezo zigaba zithetha indlela yokuphila eyahlukileyo kuxhomekeke kwinani labantu abahlala kwindlu.
Yingakho uPew Research iphula uluhlu lwentlawulo ephakathi phakathi kwabantu, izibini kunye neentsapho.
Ngo-2014, abantu ngabanye babephakathi kweklasi ukuba bafumana phakathi kwe-$ 24,173 kunye ne-72,521 yezigidi. Kwiibini ezithandanayo, bekuphakathi kwe-$ 34,186 kunye ne-102,560 yemali ngemali ngonyaka. Kwintsapho yabantu abane-adibeneyo, bekuphakathi kwe-$ 48,347 kunye ne-145,014 ngeniso ngonyaka. I-Pew uPhando ayilunikanga manani ama-2015.
Ngokwe-survey ye-Pew, abantu bacinga ukuba bahluphekile kunabo. Ipesenti ezingamashumi amane zathi ziphantsi okanye zihluphekile. Kuphela iipesenti ezingama-32 kuphela. Amaphesenti angamashumi amane anesine amaMerika acinga ukuba aphakathi klasi. Iipesenti eziyi-16 kuphela zivuma ukuba zizityebi, kanti iipesenti ezingama-26 zi.
Ucwaningo lwama-Pew luthi amaMelika azizwa engenamandla kunokuba ayenze ngaphambi kokuba abuyele . Ngo-2008, ngaphezu kwesigamu (ama-53 ekhulwini) bathi babephakathi kweklasi. Iipesenti ezingama-25 kuphela zathi zihlwempu. Iingxelo zemilinganiselo yokuphila kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi nazo zenza amaMerika azive ephantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa. Abantu baseYurophu banokuzonwabisa ngeeholide ezintandathu. AmaKhanadi anempilo yoncedo yamahhala. Abantu baseSweden bafumana ithuba lokunyamekela iintsana.
Abantu baseMerika baye bancipha kakhulu kunabanye amazwe. Kungenxa yokuba ukungalingani kwemali yase-US kuye kwanda. Ininzi yemali engenayo engenayo ukususela ngo-2000 iye yaya kwiklasi eliphezulu. Kuye kwagqithisa ngakumbi ukususela kwiingxaki zemali ka - 2008 .
Iingcaciso ezingezinye Iinkcazo ze-Middle Class Income
URobert Reich unguprofesa wePolisi yoMgaqo-nkqubo kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia-Berkeley. UngumNobhala wezeMisebenzi wangaphambili. Ucebise ukuba udidi oluphakathi luchazwe njengemindeni eyenza ama-50 ekhulwini aphezulu kwaye aphantsi kune-median. Ucebisa ukuba udidi oluphakathi lufanele luwele kwi-25,000 ukuya kwii-75,000 zamaxabiso eengeniso. Iintsapho ezingama-50 ezigidi zifumana ngaphakathi kweli lihlu.
UAaron Pacitti, uncedisi weprofesa wezoqoqosho kwiKholeji yaseSiena eLoudonville, NY, wayenombono ohlukileyo. Uthe umgangatho ophakathi phakathi ufumana i-$ 39,764 kunye ne-64,582 ye-$ ngonyaka. UMongameli uBabha Obama uthe udidi oluphakathi luquka abantu abenza imali engaphantsi kwama-200,000 kunye neembhangqwana ezenza ngaphantsi kwama-250,000. Ngo-2013, iCongress yacaphula iingcaciso zayo zengeniso ephakathi-mali ngexesha lokunciphisa imali. Yathi umgangatho ophakathi nantoni na owenza imali engaphantsi kwama-400,000 okanye izibini ezenza ngaphantsi kwama-450,000.
Ngo-2016, isicwangciso serhafu seTump sanikezela inkcazelo entsha yeklasi eliphakathi. Oku kwakhiwa iibhakethi zerhafu ezintathu, enye kwiklasi nganye. Abantu abaphakathi kwamabanga aphakathi bafumana i-$ 37,500 kunye ne-$ 112,500. Izibini eziphakathi kwamabanga aphakathi zifumana phakathi kwama-$ 75,000 kunye ne-225,000. Iirhafu zabo zichithwe ukusuka kuma-25 ukuya kwi-15 kwipesenti.
Ubalo lubonelela ngemali yengeniso yabantu ngabanye kunye neentsapho kwakunye nemindeni. Ingeniso yempembelelo nganye yi-US imali engenamathole ehlukaniswe ngabantu base-United States. Ngo-2015, bekuyi-$ 30,240. Ingeniso yentsapho yomlambo yeqela leentsapho ezihlala kunye. Kwakuyi-$ 72,165 ngo-2015.
- Ubutyebi . Abantu abaninzi abanakho imali engenayo kodwa banokukwazi ukufumana umgangatho ophezulu wokuphila. Ezi zibandakanya umhlalaphantsi kunye nabanye abahlala kwezobutyebi babo. Ukuchaza isifundo esisekelwe kubutyebi, umgangatho ophakathi nendawo ephakathi kweyesithathu kwintsimi yobutyebi. Abo banobuncwane obuthile okanye abangaphantsi batyala. Abo baphakamileyo bahlanu bacebile. Iprofesa yaseYunivesithi yaseNew York u-Edward Wolff yavelisa inkcazelo yobutyebi. Uphando lwakhe lucacise ukuba abo banokubaluleka okungaphezulu kwama-400,000 amaRandi.
- Ukusetyenziswa . Kuthiwani ngalabo abangenayo imali engenayo kodwa bachitha ezininzi? Kubonakala ngathi banendlela yokuphila ephakathi. Basenokuhlala kwi-savings, alimony, okanye irhafu yeburhulumenteni engabalwa njengeniso. Umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa uchaza iklasi eliphakathi njengabo bachitha phakathi kwama-38,200 kunye ne-49,900 zamawaka ngonyaka. UNjingalwazi uJames Sullivan waseYunivesithi yaseTrace Dame ucebise umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Waquka indlu, ukuthutha kunye nokuzonwabisa
- Iifom. Abantu abaninzi bachaza isigaba esiphakathi ngetekethi yexabiso kunokubaluleka kwezezimali. Kukho uhlobo oluthile lokuphila "oluvakalelwa" kwiklasi eliphakathi kwabaninzi. Iquka ukukwazi ukuthenga ikhaya kwaye ubuncinane enye imoto. Umgangatho ophakathi kufuneka akwazi ukufumana iikholeji kubantwana kunye neeholide. Bayakwazi ukuhlawula umhlalaphantsi ohloniphekileyo kunye neendleko zonyango .
Iintsuku Zokudala Ezintle
Amaninzi amanqanaba omgangatho ophakathi ayenayo i-nostalgic kwiintsuku ezindala ze-1950s no-1960. Enyanisweni, udidi lwangaphakathi lwalubi kakhulu kunoko namhlanje. Ngokomyinge, amakhaya abo ayinamanqina angama-1,200. Babenemoto enye endaweni ezimbini. Kwakukho umabonwakude kwaye kwakumnyama nomhlophe. Kwakukho ifowuni enye kwaye yayingumhlaba. Abantu baziva bexinzelelo ukuba baqhubeke kunye namaJeses, kodwa umgangatho wonke wokuphila wawungaphantsi kunoko namhlanje.