Ukususela kwiNgqungquthela yokuQala, eyaqala ukususela ngo-1789 ukuya ku-1791, zonke iChonstries zibaliwe ngokulandelelana. Iseshoni ihlala isusela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Julayi 31, kodwa kwiimeko ezizodwa, inokuhlala ixesha elide.
Ngomnye umhla kaNovemba, abavoti bakhethe bonke abameli abangama-435 kunye neyesithathu sabameli. AmaCongress atsha ngokunyulwa awathathi iofisi kuze kube nguJanuwari. Ixesha eliphakathi kwemihla emibini libizwa ngokuba yiLame Duck Session . Amalungu angabonwanga kwakhona anamandla angaphantsi kwezopolitiko. Kungenxa yokuba bahamba kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yoko, kaninzi akukho nto iyenziwa.
IiNkonzo zeNkxaso ze-Congressional 5
ICongress ineenkonzo ezinhlanu zenkxaso. I-Ofisi yokuPrinta kaRhulumente (GPO) ilungiselela onke amaxwebhu kawonkewonke. I-Library yeCongress ikhathaza ikhathalogu. Umakhi weCapitol ugcina isakhiwo esinezindlu zeCongress.
I- Ofisi yeBhunga leNgxowa-mali (Congressional Budget Office) (CBO) ihlalutya ibhajethi yonyaka . Iphinde iphinde iphinde ibuke iiprogram ezinkulu
Ezi ziquka ukuKhuseleko loLuntu, iSebe lezoKhuseleko kunye neCwangciso loKwakha iSystem. Yadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusombululeni ingxaki yemali ka - 2008 ngokuhlalutya i- TARP ne- ARRA . Ezi nkqubo zingenakuze zifike phantsi ngaphandle kohlalutyo oluhloniphekileyo lwe-CBO. I-CBO isebenzisa abantu abangaba ngu-230, ngokuyinhloko kwezoqoqosho kunye nabahlalutyi bomgaqo-nkqubo.
I-General Accounting Office (GAO) icebisa iNgqungquthela kwiindleko zikaRhulumente ezichithekayo. Oku kuquka ukuphindaphinda kunye neendawo ezinokusebenza kakuhle. Ngokomzekelo, ilizwe alinasidinga iSicwangciso sePetroleum Reserve , ngenxa yokuveliswa kweoli ye-shale . I-GAO ichonga kwakhona i-arhente ephezulu yengozi kunye neenkqubo. Ngokomzekelo, iSebe leeMfazwe zeMantshi landa ngokukhawuleza. Oko kunokudala ukungabi nako nokuphindaphinda.
IKomidi yoQoqosho loNxibelelwano yikomidi ehlalayo kunye nabaSebenzi abayishumi kunye nabameli abayishumi. Icebisa iCongress kwizoqoqosho. Iqhuba iingxoxo zokufundisa amalungu kwimicimbi yezoqoqosho. Iphonononga ingxelo yezoqoqosho kaMongameli .
Ziziphi Amandla Eenkomfa?
UMgaqo-siseko wase-US unika iNkcazo igunya elilodwa lokudala imithetho. Indlu nganye inokubhala, ukuphikisana, nokugqithisa iindleko. Kodwa akuyikuba ngumthetho de ezo zombini izindlu ziyavumelana malunga negama lokugqibela, kwaye lisayinwa nguMongameli.
Kukho ezimbini iintlobo zeebhili. Iimali zeeburhulumenteni zijongene nemibandela ebanzi. Ziba iMithetho kaRhulumente, okanye iMithetho, ukuba ivunyiwe yiCongress kwaye isayinwe nguMongameli. Umzekelo nguMthetho woNonophelo olungabonakaliyo . Iimali ezizimeleyo zijongene nemicimbi ethile. Ezi zibandakanya amabango kuRhulumente waseburhulumenteni, amatyala okufudukela kwamanye amazwe kunye nezihloko zomhlaba.
Ezi zindleko zibe yimithetho yabucala xa ivunyiwe kwaye isayinwe.
ICongress isebenzisa eli gunya ukudala uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukaRhulumente . UMongameli ukhawuleza inkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo - mali ngalunye ngokuhambisa isicoco kwiCongress. Ibonisa izinto eziphambili zikaMongameli, uqikelelo kunye nezicelo zesebe. I-Congress ke inquma ukuchithwa kwemali kwisebe ngalinye ngokusetyenziswa kweebhili. Ingasebenzisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukaMongameli njengesikhokelo. Njengawo nawuphi na omnye umrhumo, iNdlu kunye ne-Senate yenza i-bajejethi eyahlukileyo, iya kuxolelana ngaphambi kokungena kuMongameli ngokusayinela.
ICongress iphinda ibeke ityala leyili . Ibeka umda weliphi iitalente ezithe xaxa iUnited States inokuhlawulwa. Okwamanje ixinyiwe kude kube nguMatshi 15, 2017.
I-Congress iqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle kunye nezorhwebo. Inika uMongameli igunya lokukhuthaza ukurhweba ukuxoxisana nezivumelwano zorhwebo .
Emva koko livoti ewe okanye akukho kwezi zivumelwano. Ezi ziquka i- NAFTA , ubudlelwane beTranspacific , kunye neTransatlantic Trade Investment Partnership . Kwakhona ivoti kwiimvumelwano zesithili kunye nezizwe.
ICongress kuphela inamandla okuvakalisa imfazwe. UMongameli angaqala imfazwe kuphela ekuphenduleni ukuhlaselwa. Ikwabonelela kwaye igcina imikhosi exhobileyo.
Inkomfa ihlawula idoli yaseMelika kunye nezinye iimali. I- Treasury yase-United States iyayiprinta. Kodwa igunya leCongress lichaphazela ukunikezelwa kwemali lincinci. Kungenxa yokuba inkokhelo ineyona nxaxheba enkulu kwinkokheli yanamhlanje kuneedola. I-Federal Reserve ilawula ixabiso lekhredithi, ngoko ke imali yokubonelela. Okongeziweyo, yibona Ngaba iMali yokuPrinta Imali ye-Federal Reserve?
ICongress ilawula onke amabhunga olawulo kunye namagqwetha. INdlu inokuphelisa uMongameli. ISeti iyavuma ukutyunjwa komongameli, izivumelwano, kunye namavoti kwiimpazamo ezixhaswe ngeNdlu. Iseka iinkundla ze-federal kunye namagunya abo.
ICongress ilawula urhwebo lwangaphakathi. Isetha imithetho yokufuduka. Ikwabamba iintlanganiso zokuvalelwa kwiinkalo eziphambili zelizwe.
Indlela iNkcazo ithinta ngayo uQoqosho
Amandla eCongress ukudala imithetho kwaye isetyenziselwa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lithetha ukuba lunamandla okubeka umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali . Xa ukunyuka kweendleko okanye ukuhlawulwa kwentlawulo kunqunyulwa, yipolisi yezemali eyongeziweyo . Yandisa ukwanda koqoqosho. Umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali olwahlukileyo uyahluke. Ngokomzekelo, ngowama-2000, iCongress yadlulisa utyalo lwentlawulo yase Bush . Kwaye kwafuneka iphelelwe ngoDisemba 2012. Amalungu awavumelani nokuba ingafanele afe. Oku kwakhokelela ekuhlaleni kwemali ngo-2012 .
Ukuba iCongress ingavumi uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, urhulumente uyavalela . Oku kwenzeka ngo-2013 no-1995.
Ukuba ayinakuphakamisa ityala, iUnited States kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiintlawulo zetyala . I-Congress ilibazise ukukhuphula ngo-2011, ikhuphe ingxaki. I-Standard & Poor iyanciphisa umbono wayo kwiTyala le-US, ukuthumela iDow phantsi kwamanqaku angama-200. Ukufumana okungakumbi, jonga i- US Crisis Debt .
I-Congress Congress ngabanye ithintela uqoqosho. Ngokomzekelo, owayengummeli wase-US uBarney Frank wayengusihlalo weKomiti yezeNkonzo zezeMali. Uphande iinkqubo zeebhanki ezikhokelela kwingxaki yemali ka-2008. Waxhasana kunye ne- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act
ICongress rhoqo ineza imithetho emitsha echaphazelayo kuzo zonke iindlela. Fumana ngeNdlu yabameli be-US okanye iNtloko yase-US.