Yintoni eyenzekayo xa iBatyala lidlula iCail
Umda wetyala lomhlaba ufana nomda wekhadi lakho lekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala. Kodwa kukho olunye umehluko obalulekileyo. ICongress ilawulwa kokusetyenziswa kwayo kunye kunye nomda wetyala. Seyayazi ukuba ingaba yintoni eyongezelelweyo kwi- matyala xa ivuma ukulahleka kwebhajethi yonyaka . Xa wenqaba ukwandisa umda wesikweletu, uthethi ufuna ukuchitha kodwa ungayihlawuli iindleko zakhe. Oku kufana nenkampani yakho yekhadi lesikweletu ekuvumela ukuba uchithe ngaphezu komda walo kwaye wenqaba ukuhlawula ivenkile zokuthenga kwakho.
ICongress ibeka ityala lokutsala kwetyala kumlinganiselo wezikweletu. Leyo ityala elibalaseleyo kumanqaku e-US Treasury emva kohlengahlengiso. Ulungelelaniso lubandakanya izaphulelo ezingahlawulwanga, ityala elidala kunye netyala eliqinisekisiwe. Kwakhona kubandakanya inkokhelo egcinwe yiBhanki yeFedancial Financing. Umda wesikweletu osemthethweni uncinci ngaphantsi kwenani elipheleleyo le- US elikhokhelwe yi- clock yesizwe .
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeetyala ze-US. Eyokuqala yile nto urhulumente ahlawulwa ngayo. Uninzi lwalo yiNgxowa-mali yoKhuseleko loLuntu kunye nemali yomhlalaphantsi yomqeshwa. Ityala elibolekiweyo kulowo wonke umntu ityala likawonkewonke . Iipesenti ezingama-70 zeetyala.
Kutheni Iingxowa zokuTyala kweeMatyala
ICongress kufuneka iphakamise iiliti ezilitshoyo ukuze iUnited States ingenzi phantsi kwetyala layo .
Kwiminyaka eyi-10 edluleyo, iCongress yandisa ityala eliphindwe ezili-10. Yayiphakamisa amaxesha amane ngo-2008 no-2009 kuphela. Ukuba ukhangele imbali yecala yesikolo, uya kubona ukuba iCongress ayifuni into yokuyiphakamisa.
Iingxowa zetyala kuphela kuphela xa umongameli kunye neCongress bengavumelani nomgaqo-nkqubo wezemali . Oku kwenzeke ngo-1985, 1995-1996, 2002, 2003, ngo-2011, no-2013. Yiyo yokugqibela yokuthatha ingqwalasela ngabangeninzi kwinkokheli. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba babeziva bencitshiswa yenkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Ubume bangoku
Ngomhla kaFebruwari 9, 2018, uMongameli uTrump wasayina inqununu eyamisa isikhala selotyala kwada kuMatshi 1, 2019. Ngenxa yoko, umda uya kuba nayiphi na inqanaba letyala ngalolo suku. IKomiti yoLwabiwo-mali oluBukelekileyo lweSithili liqikelele ukuba ityala liza kunyuka ukuya kuma-22 trillion ngo-Matshi 2019. Kungekudala emva kokuba iTump ixinze i-plail, ityala lidlula i-$ 21 trillion ngoMatshi 15, 2018.
Yintoni eyenzekayo xa Ubungeniswa Kwetyala lesityala
Njengoko ityala liye lafika kwisiqwenga, uNondyebo unokuyeka ukukhupha amanqaku, kwaye uboleke kwiimali zokuhlala phantsi. Ezi mali zingabandakanyi ukuKhuseleko loLuntu kunye neMedare. Ingakwazi ukurhoxisa i-$ 800 yezigidigidi ezigcina kwi- Federal Reserve yasebhankini.
Emva kokuba kufakwe i-debt plailing, uNondyebo akakwazi ukuthengisa amanqaku amatsha.
Kufuneka kuxhomekeke kwingeniso engenayo ukuhlawula iindleko zikaRhulumente eziqhubekayo. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1996 xa i-Treasury yamemezele ukuba ayikwazi ukuthumela i-Social Security checks. Ukunyanzelisa imimiselo yomgaqo-nkqubo kwenza ukuba kungabonakali indlela uNondyebo kufuneka anqume ngayo ukuba yiziphi iibhilidi zokuhlawula kunye nokuba zilibale. Abanikazi basemzini baza kuba nexhala lokuba bangayihlawulwa. Inkokhelo ye- US eChina yona mkhulu, ilandelwa yiJapan.
Ukuba uNondyebo engazange ahlawulwe kwiintlawulo zenzalo, izinto ezintathu ziya kwenzeka. Okokuqala, urhulumente wesigqeba akayi kuphinda enze iintlawulo zawo zenyanga. Abasebenzi babeza kuba neempesheni kunye neentlawulo zempesheni aziyi kuphuma. Bonke abo bafumana i-Social Security, i-Medicare, kunye neentlawulo zeMedicaid baya kuhamba ngaphandle. Izakhiwo zaseburhulumenteni kunye neenkonzo ziya kuvala.
Okwesibini, izivuno zeNondyebo amanqaku athengiswe kwiimarike zesekondari ziya kuphakama.
Oku kuya kubangela inzala ephezulu. Oku kuya kunyusa iindleko zokwenza ishishini kunye nokuthenga ikhaya . Kuya kunciphisa ukukhula koqoqosho.
Okwesithathu, abanikazi be-Treasury ye-US baya kulahla iindawo zabo. Oku kungenza idola liyeke. Ukunciphisa idoli ngokukhawuleza kunokususa isimo sayo njengelizwe lokugcina imali . Emva kwexesha, umgangatho wokuhlala eMelika wawuya kuncipha. Kule meko, iUnited States izakufumana ikwazi ukuhlawula ityala layo.
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, iCongress akufanele ixhamle kunye nokuphakamisa ityala. Ukuba amalungu agxininisekile malunga nokusetyenziswa kwemali karhulumente, kufuneka bafumane ingqalelo ngokumalunga nomgaqo-nkqubo ojongene nomgaqo-mali osisigxina ixesha elide ngaphambi kokunyuswa kwetyala.
Yintoni eyenzekayo xa kuphakanyiswa ukuTyala kweMatyala
Ukuqhubela phambili ukuphakamisa ityala leyimboli yindlela iMelika inxulunyiwe ngayo neerhafu ezingama-21 trillion . Ityala lelayili liye lihlekisa. Liye lafana nesibonakaliso sokukhawulelwa kwesantya esingakhange sinyanzeliswe. Kwixesha elifutshane, kukho imiphumo emihle ekukhuliseni ityala leliti. IMelika iyaqhubeka nokuhlawula iindleko zayo. Ngenxa yoko, uye wagwema ityala elipheleleyo.
Imiphumo yexesha elide inzima. Kungenxa yokuba ityala elincinci lephepha elincinci libonakala liphela luthintelo lokulawulwa kwemali kaRhulumente. Ucwaningo lwango-2017 lufumene ukuba ama-57 ekhulwini aseMelika athi iCongress akufanele iphakame ityala. Iipesenti ezingama-20 kuphela zathi kufuneka ziphakanyiswe. Kodwa abafuni ukuba iintlawulo zabo ziphakanyiswe okanye iinkonzo zabo zinqunywe.
"Kubonakala ngathi abantu abaninzi banqwenela ukunciphisa ihlathi kodwa ukugcina imithi," ngoHumphrey Taylor, uSihlalo we-Pollster Harris Interactive. Uninzi lwabo ba dliwano-ndlebe abafuni ukubona ukunyuka kwiinkonzo zempilo, ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalo, okanye imfundo. Unonophelo lwezeMpilo kunye noKhuseleko loLuntu zizinto ezimbini zezona zihlahlo-mali. Bafuna ukubona ukunyuka kwinqanaba lezemali elithile linye yezona zinto ziphantsi kwebhajethi. Bafuna nokubona ukunyuka kwenkcitho ejongene nokukhusela i-overseas, enye yeyona ndawo inkulu. Bathi "Cwangcisa iinkqubo ezithumela iirhafu zerhafu ngaphesheya, kwaye zigcine iinkqubo ezandinceda ngabanye."
I-plail yeelyala ilungile kuba idala ingxaki ejolise kwingqwalasela yesizwe kwi-matyala. Ukukhulisa kuyisiphumo esibalulekileyo sokulawulwa kweengxaki.
Ukunyuka kwetyala kunye neendleko zorhulumente nazo ziba nexhalaba ukuba ityala lexabiso lemveliso yomhlaba liphezulu kakhulu. Ngokwe- International Monetary Fund , elo nqanaba li-77 ekhulwini kumazwe athuthukileyo. Xa i-debt ratio ye-GDP iphakanyiswa kakhulu, abanini-matyala banenkxalabo yokuba ilizwe alikwazi ukuvelisa imali eyaneleyo yokuhlawula ityala.
Ingxaki yokuTyala kweMatyala 2017
NgoSeptemba 8, 2017, uMongameli uTrump watyikitya ibhaso-mali ekwandisa i-debt ceiling kuDisemba 8, 2017. Kamva ngaloo mini, ityala lidlula i-$ 20 trillion okokuqala kwimbali yase-US. I-Congress ayizange ivotele kwi-plailing, kodwa igxininisa kwi- bhulo yeerhafu yeTrump . Ngenxa yoko, ityala leelyala laliyi $ 20.455 trillion, kwinqanaba laloo mini.
I-Bill ye-Trump iphinde ivume i-$ 15.25 yezigidigidi kwingxowa-mali yokuxhaswa kwixhoba leNkantwa yaseHarvey neSiphepho i-Irma. Ngaphandle kokunyuka kwetyala lokunyuka kwetyala, iNondyebo yaseMelika yayingeke ibe neyaneleyo yokuhlawula imali kwi-Arhente yoLawulo oluPhezulu lwe-Arhente. Umthetho-mali uvumelekile urhulumente ukuba agcine imali ngaphandle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kuze kube nguDisemba 8.
Inkxalabo yokuThwala kweMatyala 2015
NgoFebruwari 11, 2014, iNdlu uSomlomo uJohn Boehner yadlulisela ibhilida yokumisa isikhalala kwetyala kuze kube ngu-Matshi 15, 2015. I-plailing ceiling iya kuba ngokuzenzekelayo kwinqanaba letyala ngeli xesha. Umthetho osayilwayo uvunyiwe ngaphandle kwanamaphi amathintelo, abagibeli okanye ukunyanzelisa ukuba i-Obamacare ihlawulwe. Wayenalo iivoti ezingamaRephablikhi zokwenza njalo. Kunoko, wayidlulisa ngo-193 iiDemokhrasi kunye nama-Republican 28.
Iqela leqela leRephabliki eNtendeni libize ngokuthi "... ukugqitywa ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba likaSomlomo kwaye kubonisa ukuba ulahlekelwe amandla okukhokela iNdlu yabameli ." Bona kunye neSenator uTed Cruz bebodwa abacinga ukuba usongelo lwetyala elingagqibekanga lilixhobo elisebenzayo ukunyanzelisa urhulumente ukunciphisa imali. Kodwa kwakungekho okwaneleyo ukuba basebenzise le ngxube.
Ngomhla ka-15 Matshi, u-2015, uhlanga lwafikelela kwisikweliso semali eyi-18.113 trillion. Ekuphenduleni, uNobhala weNondyebo wayeka ukukhupha amatyala amatsha. Wathatha amanyathelo angaphezulu okuza kwenza ukuba ityala lingadluli komda. Ngokomzekelo, wayeka iintlawulo kwiimali zomhlala phantsi zomqeshwa. Wathengisa imali-mali egcinwe yiloo mali. Wayegcina ityala ngaphantsi komda wada waqeda iNkcazo-mali ka-Bipartisan ka-2015, ngoNovemba 15. I-plail yahlala ixhaswe kude kube ngoMatshi 15, 2017. Oku kuthetha ukuba iSebe lezeNondyebo alikwazanga ukuvumela umda weemali ukuba uhambe ngaphezulu kweyona I-19.808 trillion yayinjalo ngaloo mini. I-Nondyebo igcinwe ityala phantsi kwaloo daba kuze kube nguSeptemba 8, 2017. (Umthombo: "IsiTyala soTywala esiThiweyo siphelile," i-Zero Hedge, ngo-Matshi 17, 2017. " Bika ingxelo ngeNgxowa-mali kunye neSimo ," iSebe leNondyebo, ngoJanuwari 29, 2016. "Hlangana neTyala leMatyala amatsha," I-CNN Imali, ngoMatshi 17, 2015.)
Ingxaki yokuTyala kweTyala lika-2013
NgoJanuwari, 2013, iCongress yatshitshisa ukuba ingayikhulisi ityala. Kwafuna ukunyanzelisa urhulumente wezemfundo ukunciphisa imali kwi- budget ka-2013 . Isikhundla salo kukuba idoli enye yokuchitha ixabiso kufuneka ihlulwe yonke idola. UMongameli uBabriki waphendula wathi akayi kuxoxisana ngenxa yokuba ityala liye lahlawula ukuhlawula iindleko eziye zavunywa yiCongress. Ngethamsanqa, ukufumana imali engcono kunokuba kulindeleke ukuba i-debate leiling debate yahlehliswa kwaze kwawa. (Umthombo: "Ukutsalwa kwetyala leTyala," i-Atlanta Blackstar, ngoJanuwari 23, 2013.)
NgoSeptemba 25, 2013, uNobhala wezeNondyebo waxwayisa ukuba uhlanga luya kufumana ilityala le-matyala ngo-Oktobha 17. Abaninzi bamaRiphabhuliki bathi baya kuphakamisa i-plafil ukuba imali ye-Obamacare ithathwe kwi- budget ye- FY 2014 . Ekuqaleni, kwakubonakala ngathi uBoehner uza kudlula i-debt debt overload ngaphandle kwabo. Wayengafuni ukuba amaRiphabhlikhi atyholelwe enye i-fiasco njengengxaki ye- matyala ka-2011. Emva koko watshintsha ingqondo yakhe.
Ngomhla ka-Oktobha 1, 2013, urhulumente uvale ngenxa yokuba iCongress ayifumanga i-bill yezimali. I-Senate ayayiyi kuvuma i-bill ebolekisa i-Obamacare. INdlu ayiyi kuvuma i-bill eyayixhaswa ngemali. UBohner ubhengeze ukuba akayi kuphakamisa ityala ngaphandle kokuba iiDemokhrasi zivunyelwene ukuxoxisana nokucutha kwiinkqubo ezinyanzelisayo , njenge-Medicare, Medicaid, kunye ne- Obamacare . Ngomzuzu wokugqibela, iNtloko yeNdlu kunye neNdlu iyavumelana malunga nenkqubo yokuvuselela urhulumente kunye nokuphakamisa ityala. Ukufumana okungakumbi, khangela uVimba loRhulumente .
Ngo-Oktobha 17, 2013, iCongress yavuma isivumelwano esasiya kwenza u-Nondyebo akhuphe ityala kuze kube nguFebruwari 7, 2014.
Imbali yokuTyala yeMatyala
I-Congress yakha i-debt plailing kwi-Second Liberty Bond Act ka-1917. Yavumela iSebe lezeNondyebo ukuba likhuphe izibophelelo zoKhenketho ukuze i-US ikwazi ukuxhaswa ngemali yehlabathi iMfazwe ye-I. Ezi zibophelelo zexesha elide zineentlawulo ezincinci zentlawulo kunokuba iindleko zexesha elifutshane uNondyebo asetyenziswa phambi koMthetho. I-Congress manje yayinakho ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwemali karhulumente kwangokokuqala. Ngaphambi koko, bekukhuphe kuphela ukugunyazwa kwetyala elithile, njengePanama Canal okanye ezinye iinqununu zexesha elifutshane. (Umthombo: "Umda weMatyala: Umlando kunye nokunyuka kwanda," ingxelo ye-CRS yeCongress, 2008.)
Oku akusadingeki. Ngowe-1974, iCongress yadala inkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo - mali elivumela ukuba lilawulwe imali. Yingakho iCongress idla ngokuphakamisa ityala leliti. Xa inkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali isebenza kakuhle, zombini izindlu zeCongress kunye noMongameli sele sele zivumelene malunga nokuba uwonke urhulumente uya kuchitha. Akukho mfuneko yokwehla kwetyala. Ivumela kuphela urhulumente ukuboleka imali ukuhlawula iindleko eziye zavunywa. (Umthombo: "UMthetho woLawulo lweBhajethi ka-1974," iYunivesithi yaseCalifornia Berkeley.)
Amagosa anyuliweyo anengcinezelo eninzi yokwandisa imali ekhoyo ye-budget yase-US . Ukwandiswa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali luphakamisa ityala likazwelonke eliphezulu nangaphezulu. Kungenxa yokuba akukho nto ikhuthaza abantu bezopolitiko ukuba banqande ukusetyenziswa kwemali karhulumente. Baye banyulwa kwakhona ngenxa yokudala iinkqubo ezixhamla umbutho wabo kunye nabaxhasi babo. Baphinde bahlale eofisini xa behlawula irhafu. Ukuchitha imali ngokwezimali, ngokubanzi, kudala ukukhula koqoqosho .