Indlela Yokuxelela Xa Kuphakamileyo Kwako
I-ityala likawonkewonke lichazwa njengokuba ilizwe lihlawulwa njani kubaboleki ngaphandle kwedwa. Ezi ziquka abantu, amashishini, kunye nabanye oorhulumente. Igama elithi "ityala likawonkewonke" lisetyenzisiswa ngokuthe tye kunye nelo xesha elihlawulayo ityala .
Ityala lezoluntu libhekisela kuphela kwisikwere sikazwelonke. Kodwa amanye amazwe nawo afaka ityala elihlawulwa ngamazwe, amaphondo kunye noomasipala. Ngoko ke, qaphela xa uthelekisa amatyala karhulumente phakathi kwamazwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcazelo ziyafana.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kubizwa ntoni, ityala likawonkewonke liqokelelwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali . Yiphumo leminyaka yeenkokheli zorhulumente zisebenzisa imali engaphezulu kunokuba ithathe imali ngenzuzo. Ukungaphumeleli kwesizwe kukuchaphazela ityala layo kunye neefom.
Amatyala kaRhulumente waseMelika
Isebe le- Nondyebo le-US lilawula i- matyala kazwelonke ngeBhunga leMatyala kaRhulumente. Ilinganisa amatyala anikwe uluntu ngokwahlukileyo kwi-ityala likaRhulumente. Amatyala kawonkewonke aquka iimali-mali, amanqaku, kunye neebhondi , ezithengwa ngabatyalomali abakhulu. Unokuba ngumnini wetyala lomntu ngokuthenga izibophelelo zokugcina imali kunye ne-Treasury Inflation Protected Securities, eyaziwa ngokuba yi- TIPS . Iingxowa-mali ezingasemthethweni ngumlinganiselo weNondyebo uhlawulwa kwiinkxaso-mali zemali yomhlala phantsi, ngokubaluleka kakhulu kwiNgxowa-mali yoThuseleko loLuntu .
NgoSeptemba 8, 2017, ityala le- US lidlula i-$ 20 trillion. Oku kwenza ukuba isixa-mali-GDP sibe malunga nama-104 ekhulwini.
Isekelwe kwikota yesibini ye-GDP yesigidi se-19.2 yezigidigidi. Kodwa ityala likawonke-wonke lalingama-R6,6 triliyoni. Oko kwenza ukuba isixa-mali se-GDP kuya ku-76 sepesenti esiphephile. Ngokutsho kweBhanki yehlabathi, i-pointing point is 77 percent.
Mhlawumbi ke kutheni abatyali-mali abayizinzame kwizinga eliphezulu lemali.
Enyanisweni, amazinga enzala ahlala ephantsi. Ukuze uqonde ukuba kutheni, umntu kufuneka azi kakuhle iCrisis Debt Crisis US .
Amatyala kaRhulumente aMaTyala angaphandle
Musa ukudibanisa ityala lomntu kunye namatyala angaphandle. Yiloo mali ebolekwa abatyala-mali bamanye amazwe karhulumente kunye namacandelo abucala. Ityala lezentlalo lichaphazela amatyala angaphandle, kuba ukuba inani lamanqaku likhuphuka kwi-ityala likawonkewonke, baya kuphakama nakwiityala zabucala. Esona sizathu isizathu sokuba amashishini axinze uorhulumente babo ukuba bagcine ityala lesidlangalaleni kwibala elifanelekileyo.
Xa ityala likaRhulumente lilungile
Ngethuba elifutshane, ityala likawonkewonke liyindlela enhle yokuba amazwe athathe imali eyongezelelweyo yokutyalomali kwezoqoqosho. I-ityala likawonkewonke liyindlela ekhuselekileyo yokuba abantu basemzini batyalole ekukhuleni kwelizwe ngokuthenga izibophelelwano zikaRhulumente.
Oku kukhuselekileyo kunotyalo-mali olwangaphandle . Yilapho abantu basemzini bathengwa ubuncinane kwi-10 yeepesenti kwiinkampani zelizwe, amabhizinisi, okanye i-estate. Kwakhona kuyingozi kakhulu kunokuba utyalomali kwiinkampani zikawonke-wonke zelizwe ngokusebenzisa i-market market. Ulatyala loluntu lukhangeleka kumngcipheko-abatshali-mali abatyhulayo kuba luxhaswa nguRhulumente ngokwawo.
Xa isetyenziswe kakuhle, ityala likawonkewonke liphucula umgangatho wokuhlala ezweni.
Kungenxa yokuba ivumela uorhulumente ukuba akhe iindlela ezintsha kunye namabhanti, ukuphucula imfundo kunye nokuqeqeshwa komsebenzi, kwaye unikezele ngeempesheni. Oku kukhuthaza abemi ukuba bachithe ngaphezulu ngoku kunokuba basindise umhlalaphantsi. Le nkcitho ngabemi bezimeleyo ikhuthaza ngakumbi ukukhula koqoqosho.
Xa iBatyala likaRhulumente libi
Oorhulumente bavame ukuthatha amatyala amaninzi ngenxa yokuba iinzuzo zenza ukuba zivelele ngabavoti. Ngako oko, abatyali-mali baqhele ukulinganisa izinga lomngcipheko ngokuthelekisa amatyala kwilizwe elipheleleyo, elibizwa ngokuba ngumkhiqizo wekhaya . Umlinganiselo- mboleko kwi-GDP unikezela ubungqina bokuba ilizwe liyakwazi ukuhlawula njani ityala layo. Abanini-mali abasoloko bexhalabele kude kube kufikeleleke kwi-rate-to-GDP isilinganiso sokufikelela kwizinga elibalulekileyo.
Xa kubonakala ukuba ityala lifikelela kwizinga elibalulekileyo, abatyali-mali ngokuqhelekileyo baqala ukufuna inzala ephezulu.
Bafuna ukubuyela ngaphezulu kwengozi ephezulu. Ukuba elo lizwe liqhubeka lichitha, iinqununu zalo zingafumana isilinganiselo sezantsi seS & P. Oku kubonisa indlela elihle ngayo ilizwe eliza kuzaliseka kwi-matyala alo .
Njengoko ixabiso lentengo liphakama, liya kuba kubi kakhulu kwilizwe ukuhlaziya ityala laso elikhoyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, imali engaphezulu ifuna ukubuyela kwiintlawulo zentlawulo, kwaye zingaphantsi kwiinkonzo zikaRhulumente. Okufana nento eyenzeka eYurophu, imeko efana nale ingakhokelela kwiinkathazo zetyala elilawulayo .
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ityala lomntu elikhulu kakhulu linokufana nokuqhuba ukuqhuma kwimeko engxamisekileyo. Abatyalomali baqhuba ixabiso lentengo ngokubuyisela umngcipheko omkhulu wokungagqibekanga. Oko kwenza izixhobo zokwanda kwezoqoqosho, ezifana nezindlu, ukukhula kwamashishini, kunye nokubolekisa ngemali, kubiza kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme lo mthwalo, oorhulumente kufuneka baqaphele ukuba bafumane indawo enhle yetyala likawonkewonke. Kumele kube mkhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuqhuba ukukhula koqoqosho kodwa kuncinci okwaneleyo ukugcina amaxabiso enzala aphantsi.