Imali yeNgeniso kaZwelonke

Kuthiwani Ngelizwe?

Inkcazo: Imali engenayo yelizwe elipheleleyo iyimilinganiselo yengeniso yelizwe. Iquka yonke inzuzo ezuzwa ngabahlali belizwe kunye namashishini, kuquka abo bafumana ngaphandle. Ingeniso ichazwa njengembuyekezo yonke yomqeshwa kunye neengeniso-mali. Oku kubandakanya nakwabo abavela kwamanye amazwe. Iirhafu zeMveliso (kuncitshiswe inkxaso) engekabalwanga kwakhona iphantsi kweGNI. Ayingabali imali engenayo yabangaphandle abasemaphandleni.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-GNI kunye ne-GDP

I-GNI ilinganisa yonke ingeniso yabahlali belizwe kunye namashishini, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yenziwe phi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhiqizo omkhulu wekhaya , ulinganisa inzuzo yomntu phakathi kwemida yelizwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani owenzayo. Iquka nantoni na eyenziwa ngabangaphandle, kuquka namashishini angaphandle, ngelixa beli lizwe. Imveliso ye-GDP imveliso ngelixa i-GNI inyathelo lokufumana.

Uhluko phakathi kwe-GNI kunye ne-GNP

Imilinganiselo ye-GNI yemali engenayo, kuquka oko kuvela kwiityalo-mali, ezibuyela kwilizwe. Umkhiqizo wesizwe ongezantsi uquka umvuzo kwizinto zonke eziphantsi kwabahlali. Iquka kuquka ezo ezingabuyeli kwilizwe. Emva koko uyashiya imali yabo bonke abantu bezinye iintlanga abahlala kweli lizwe, nokuba bayichitha ngaphakathi kweli lizwe. I-GNP kuphela ibika iingxelo ezithathwa ngabantu abemi belizwe kunye namashishini, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isetyenziswe kwihlabathi.

(Umthombo: "Ukwakha I-Case Case," I-Solutions Matrix.)

Itheyibhile

Ishati elingaphantsi lifanisa oko kwaye ayifakiwe kwi-GDP, i-GNI kunye ne-GNP.

Ingeniso efunyenwe ngu:	GDP	GNI	GNP
Abemi beLizwe	C + I + G + X	C + I + G + X	C + I + G + X
Abafokazi kwilizwe	Ndakanya	Kubandakanywa Ukuba uthethwe kwilizwe	Akuthinti konke
Abemi Belizwe	Ingafaki	Kubandakanywa Ukuba Kubuyiselwe kwakhona	Kuquka konke
Abezinye izizwe ngaphandle kwezwe	Ingafaki	Ingafaki	Ingafaki

Iifomula

Ukubeka izinto ngendlela elula, nantsi iifomula zokubala i-GDP, i-GNI kunye ne-GDP.

I-GDP = C + I + G - X. Iingxenye ze-GDP zizisebenzisayo (C) + utyalo-mali loshishino (I) + imali yokurhweba karhulumente (G) + [ukuthumela ngaphandle - ukungeniswa kwezinto (X)].

I-GNI (ibalwa ukusuka kwi-GDP)

I-GDP + (inzuzo evela kubemi kunye namashishini afunyanwe ngaphandle) - (inzuzo eyakhululwa ngabavela kwamanye amazwe abahlala ezweni lakubo)

I-GNP (ibalwa ukusuka kwi-GDP)

GDP + (ingeniso efunyenwe kuzo zonke iimpahla zangaphandle) - (inzuzo ezuzwa ngabangaphandle kwelizwe)

I-GNI (ibalwa ukusuka kwi-GNP)

I-GNP + (ingeniso esetyenziswe ngabangaphandle kweli lizwe) - (ingeniso yangaphandle engenakhululwa ngabemi)

Kutheni ezi zinto zibalulekile?

Kwiimarike ezininzi ezikhulayo , njengeMexico , abahlali bathuthela kwamanye amazwe apho banokufumana ubomi obungcono. Bathumela imali eninzi kwimindeni yabo kwikhaya labo. Le ngeniso inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuqhuba ukukhula koqoqosho . Kubalwa kwi-GNI kunye ne-GNP, nangona ingekho kwi-GDP. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthelekiswa kwe-GDP ngelizwe kuya kufana nobukhulu bezoqoqosho. (Umthombo: "Iinkcazo kunye namanqaku: I-GNP," i-CIA World Factbook.)

GNI ngelizwe

Ibhanki yehlabathi isekela idatha ye-GNI kuwo onke amazwe. Ukuze uthelekise umvuzo phakathi kwamazwe, uyasusa imiphumo yemali yokutshintshwa kwemali.

Oku kwenziwa ngokuguqula yonke into kwi- dollar yase - US usebenzisa ukulingana kwamandla .

Kodwa ingxaki ngePPP, nokuba kunjalo, iguqula zonke iimpahla kunye neenkonzo kwilizwe ukuya kwindleko e-United States. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le ndlela isebenza kakuhle ngeempahla ezifana neebhaki zeMcDonald ezithengiswa kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, wenza umsebenzi ombi wokuqikelela inani leempahla ezingathengiswa eMelika. Yak carts ngumzekelo onjalo. Ngaba kunokuthiwa ukuba ixabiso lawo lifana neemoto, uhlobo oluhamba phambili lwezokuthutha zase-US, okanye ezilwanyana ezifana nezifuyo? (Umthombo: "I-GNI, iNkqubo yePPP," iBhanki yeWorld.) Jonga kwakhona Yiyiphi indlela engcono yokuqhathanisa iGDP phakathi kwamazwe?

GNI ngeCapita

I-GNI per capita ingumlinganiselo wemali engenayo eyahlula inani labantu kweli lizwe.

Ithelekisa i-GNI yamazwe anobuninzi bobuninzi beendawo kunye nemigangatho yokuphila .

I-Bhanki yehlabathi isekela le nkcukacha. Kule meko, iguqula imali engenayo kwi-dollar yase-US isebenzisa izinga lokutshintshiselwa ngokusemthethweni. Emva koko isebenzisa indlela yokuguqulwa kwe-Atlas ukunyusa izinga lokutshintsha kwezinga lokutshintsha . Ikwahlula i-GNI ngabantu belizwe ukuba bafumane i-GNI nganye. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa idatha yelizwe ukusuka phakathi konyaka ukwenzela ukuqeda ukuguquguquka kwexesha. (Umthombo: "I-GNI ngeCapa," iBhanki yehlabathi.)

Fumana ngakumbi malunga ne-GDP

• Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwe- GDP yangempela kunye ne-GDP yomgama?
• Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwe-GDP kunye ne-GDP Growth Rate?
• Yiyiphi Imilinganiselo Yokukhula Efanelekileyo?
• Yiyiphi i-Current GDP Growth Rate?
• Yintoni yokubuyisela?
• Yintoni yoxinzelelo?