Yintoni eyenza amaxabiso e-oyile athengeleke
Ngo-1960, i-Saudi Arabia kunye nezinye iintlanga zamazwe angaphandle zakha i- OPEC . Bafuna ukulawula okungaphezulu kwamaxabiso eoli. Ngowe-1971, abalawuli bavumela iinkampani zase-US ukuba zipompe ioli kangangoko zifuna. Baqala ukusebenzisa i-surplus reserves. Njengoko ukuthengiswa kwehla, amaxabiso aphakama. I-America yaba yingozi kwixesha elizayo.
I-OPEC ayizange iguqule i-muscle yayo yexabiso ukuze uMongameli uNixon athathe ngokuphumelelayo idoli yase-US kwizinga legolide ngo-1971 . Ixabiso le dollar liye lanyuka, lithatha iindleko zexabiso leoli. Zonke iikontraka zeoli zithengiswa kwiidola zase-US, ngoko ke amaxabiso eoli alandela ixabiso le dollar .
Ngomnyaka we-1973, i-OPEC yayinquma i-oil export ukuya kwi-United States. Injongo yaso ephambili yayikunyusa amaxabiso eoli. Kwakhona wayefuna ukuhlwaya iMelika ngokuxhasa kwayo i-Israel kwiYom Kippur War. Ukuthintela ukusweleka kwexesha elizayo, iCongress yakha iSicwangciso esiPhambili sePetroleum Reserve ukubonelela ngeentsuku ezingama-90.
Ukususela ngo-1974, ixabiso leoli liye lanyanzeliswa .
Bachaphazeleka ngaphezu kwemithetho yokubonelela kunye nokufunwa. Amaxabiso e-oyile anqunywe iikontraka zexesha elizayo kwiimarike zemveliso. Oko kuthetha ukuba iimpahla zorhwebo zilawula ixabiso leoli. Baya kuqhuba ixabiso ngamanani nangona bacinga nje ukuba kuya kuba nokunyuka kwemfuno, njengokuba ngexesha lexesha lokushayela ihlobo, okanye ukungahambi, njengokuba ngexesha lokuvukela kweLibya.
Ngo-2011, amaxabiso eoli aqalise ukuphuhlisa ixesha eliqikelelweyo lokungena. Amaxabiso aphakama entwasahlobo njengabathengisi bexesha elizayo belindele ukuba ixabiso eliphezulu lokuqhuba iholide. Emva kokuba imfuno ihambile, amaxabiso ngokuqhelekileyo awela ekuwa nasebusika.
Amanani amafutha ngonyaka: Umyinge, oPhakamileyo, oPhantsi, kunye neZenzo
Ireyati elandelayo ibonisa amanani eoli ephuma kwi-Energy Information Administration. Ikholam yokuqala ibonisa intengo yonyaka. Ilandelwa ngamanani aphezulu aphantsi kunye neoli kwinyanga kunye nenyanga eyenzekayo. Ichaza izizathu zenkcitho yexabiso kunye neziganeko ezihamba kunye nazo.
| Unyaka | Umyinge | Ephantsi | Ephakamileyo | Izizathu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1973 | $ 4.08 | n / A | n / A | |
| 1974 | $ 12.52 | $ 9.59 uJan | $ 13.06 Juni | I-OPEC idireji yeoli . |
| 1975 | $ 13.95 | $ 12.77 uJan | $ 15.04 NgoNovemba | Stagflation . |
| 1976 | $ 13.48 | $ 13.27 Jan | $ 13.71 Ngomhla | U qoqosho lu fumene. |
| 1977 | $ 14.53 | $ 14.11 uJan | US $ 14.76 Ngomhla | Ukukhushulwa kwenyusa kunye nokwehla kwamanani . |
| 1978 | $ 14.57 | $ 14.41 Feb | $ 14.94 Ngomhla | |
| 1979 | $ 21.57 | $ 15.50 uJan | $ 28.91 Dec | IMfazwe yase-Iran-Iraq. Ireyithi yeFed 20%. |
| 1980 | $ 33.86 | $ 30.75 uJan | $ 35.63 Ngomhla | I-Iran embargo. |
| 1981 | $ 37.10 | $ 35.43 Ngomhla | $ 39.00 Feb | Reagan irhafu yentlawulo. |
| 1982 | $ 33.57 | $ 32.78 ngoMeyi | $ 35.54 Jan | Ukubuyisela kwakhona kuphelisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. |
| 1983 | $ 29.31 | $ 27.95 ngoMatshi | $ 31.40 uJan | |
| 1984 | $ 28.88 | $ 28.02 Dec | $ 29.26 ngoMeyi | |
| 1985 | $ 26.99 | $ 26.21 Dec | $ 27.60 ngoMeyi | |
| 1986 | $ 13.93 | $ 10.91 Jul | $ 24.93 Jan | I-OPEC inezela ukubonelela. |
| 1987 | $ 18.14 | $ 16.45 uJan | $ 19.32 Aug | |
| 1988 | $ 14.60 | $ 12.66 NgoNovemba | $ 15.93 ngoMeyi | |
| 1989 | $ 18.07 | $ 16.04 Jan | $ 20.05 Dec | |
| 1990 | $ 23.73 | $ 15.15 Juni | $ 32.88 Ngomhla | IMfazwe yeGulf. |
| 1991 | $ 18.73 | $ 17.17 Dec | $ 22.30 uJan | SPR ikhuphe ioli. |
| 1992 | $ 18.21 | $ 16.00 Feb | $ 19.83 Juni | |
| 1993 | $ 16.13 | $ 12.56 Dec | $ 18.35 kuMatshi | |
| 1994 | $ 15.54 | $ 12.90 Feb | $ 17.52 uJulayi | I-NAFTA ivumelekile ioli ephantsi. |
| 1995 | $ 17.14 | $ 16.29 Oktobha | $ 18.56 ngoMeyi | |
| 1996 | $ 20.62 | $ 17.48 uJan | $ 23.22 Oct | |
| 1997 | $ 18.49 | $ 15.95 | $ 23.02 Jan | |
| 1998 | $ 12.07 | $ 9.39 Ngomhla | $ 14.33 uJan | |
| 1999 | $ 17.27 | $ 10.16 Jan | $ 24.35 Ngomhla | Amanani aphindwe kabini. |
| 2000 | $ 27.72 | $ 24.29 ngoMatshi | $ 30.56 Sep | |
| 2001 | $ 21.99 | $ 15.95 | $ 24.63 ngoMeyi | Ukubuyisela. 9/11 ukuhlaselwa . |
| 2002 | $ 23.71 | $ 17.04 Jan | $ 27.14 USep | IMfazwe yase-Afghanistan. |
| 2003 | $ 27.73 | $ 24.48 kuMatshi | $ 32.23 Feb | |
| 2004 | $ 35.89 | $ 30.11 uJan | $ 45.36 Ngomhla | |
| 2005 | $ 48.89 | $ 37.56 Jan | $ 58.79 Sep | Isiqhwithi uKatrina . |
| 2006 | $ 59.05 | $ 52.70 Oktoba | $ 67.99 Julayi | UBernanke uba nguSihlalo we-Fed. |
| 2007 | $ 67.19 | $ 49.57 uJan | $ 85.53 NgoNovemba | |
| 2008 | $ 92.57 | $ 35.59 Dec | $ 127.77 Julayi | |
| 2009 | $ 59.04 | $ 36.84 uJan | $ 74.40 NgoNovemba | Ukubuyisela |
| 2010 | $ 75.83 | $ 73.73 Feb | $ 85.59 Dec | |
| 2011 | $ 102.58 | $ 87.61 uJan | $ 107.98 ngoMeyi | |
| 2012 | $ 101.09 | $ 92.18 Juni | $ 108.54 ngoMatshi | I-Iran isongela i-Straits of Hormuz. |
| 2013 | $ 98.12 | $ 90.36 NgoNovemba | $ 104.16 Aug | |
| 2014 | $ 89.63 | $ 57.36 Ngomhla | $ 100.26 Juni | I-dollar yavuka ngo-15%. Ioli ye- US shale yanda. |
| 2015 | $ 46.34 | $ 33.16 Dec | $ 58.89 Juni | |
| 2016 | $ 38.17 | $ 26.66 Feb | $ 46.72 Dec | I-dollar yawa kwaye i-OPEC yasika ukunikwa kweoli. |
| 2017 | $ 48.73 | $ 43.93 Juni | $ 54.38 Dec |
Ekujuleni: Ixabiso leMpahla yeeHlabathi Inkqubela yeSunni / yeShiite | I-Shale Oil Boom kunye neBust | Amandla eNyukliya aseMelika