I-Minute yokugqibela yokuGcina iRhafu yeTela yokunika umhlala-phantsi wokugcina umhlalaphantsi
Akukho mntu uthanda ukuhlawula nayiphi irhafu kwi-Uncle Sam kunokuba kuyimfuneko. Ngethamsanqa, ikhowudi yentlawulo ye-IRS inikeza iintlawulo ezithile zerhafu ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiimali ezahlukahlukeneyo zokugcina umhlala-phantsi ukuze kuncedise ukuhlawula irhafu. Kodwa njengoko isiphelo sonyaka sifika ukhetho lokunciphisa irhafu kunyaka werhafu ka-2015 lube luncinane.
Nazi iindlela ezimbalwa zokugqibela ezinokuncedisa ukunciphisa irhafu yakho ngoku (okanye kamva) ngelixa unqumla imali yakho yokugcina umhlalaphantsi:
Yenza igalelo lokugqibela kwi-401 (k) okanye 403 (b) isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi. Enye indlela yokunciphisa irhafu yengeniso ngelixa ukugcina umhlala-phantsi kukunyusa umrhumo wangaphambili werhafu kwi-401 (k) okanye 403 (b) isicwangciso ukuba uhlanganiswe enye yezicwangciso zomhlalaphantsi emsebenzini. Umda we-IRS wama- 401 (k) kunye no- 403 (b) izicwangciso zi-18,000 zamawaka ngo-2015 (i-$ 24,000 ukuya kwiminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu) kwaye lo mda awubandakanyi nayiphi na iminikelo efanayo . Ukuba awukwazi ukufaka isandla kwixabiso elikhulu kulo nyaka, ubuncinci qinisekisa ukuba ufumana umdlalo opheleleyo womqeshi ukuba kunikwe omnye. Qhagamshelana neSebe lakho lobutyebi ukuze ubone indlela onokubeka ngayo imali engaphezulu ekupheleni konyaka.
Igalelo kwiAkhawunti yoMhlala-phantsi yomntu ngamnye (IRA). Esinye isicwangciso sokunciphisa irhafu esivakalayo esingasetyenziselwa umhlalaphantsi kukuba senze igalelo elichithwe kwi- IRA . Umrhumo wenkxaso ngu-100% wembuyekezo ukuya kwii-5 500 zamaRandi (i-6 500 zamaRandi ukuba uneminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu) okanye umvuzo wakho owufumana umvuzo wonyaka xa umvuzo wakho ungaphantsi kwezi mida.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ukuba sele usenxaxheba kwisicwangciso somhlala phantsi kumqeshi wakho, ukukwazi ukurhola le mivuzo kunqamle ngokusekelwe kwingeniso yakho. Ngomnyaka werhafu ka-2015, ukukwazi ukwenza umrhumo we-IRA ongadliyoyiyo awuyiyo inketho ukuba ungumntu oyedwa kunye nomvuzo ongu-71,000 okanye ngaphezulu (i-118,000 yezibini ezitshatileyo zifakela ngokubambisana).
Ukuba utshatile ukufakela ngokubambisana nomlingane ogqityiweyo kwisicwangciso kodwa awukho, unako ukwenza igalelo le-IRA elidityanisiweyo xa i-MAGI ingaphantsi kwama-193,000.
Zisebenzise ezinye iinketho zokugcina umhlala-phantsi xa uncedisa. Amathuba angaphezulu okubeka eceleni iifa lempahla yomhlala-phantsi kwiakhawunti ezenzelwe irhafu kubakho basomashishini nabaqeshwe ngabasebenzi. I-SEP IRAs , i- SIMPLE IRAs , kunye ne- Solo 401 (k) s zikhethwa ngabantu abaqeshwe ngabasebenzi. I-IRA ezilula kufuneka zibekwe phambi komhla woku-1 Oktobha 1 kunye neSolo 401 (k) izicwangciso mazimiselwe ngo-Disemba 31. Nangona kunjalo, i-SEP-IRAs inokumiselwa kude kube ngu-Ephreli 15 wonyaka olandelayo (Oktobha 15 ukuba ufake isandiso.
Iingxelo zeRoth zingancedisa ukuhlawula irhafu yakho yerhafu yengomso. Ukuba umqeshi wakho unikezela iRoth 401 (k) okanye iRoth 403 (b) ukhetho onokufuna ukucinga ukuba wenze igalelo kulezo akhawunti ukuba awudingi ukuncitshiswa kwentlawulo yangonyaka . Imirhumo yentlawulo yangaphambili kwiplani yomhlala-phantsi oxhaswe ngumqeshi okanye kwi-IRA echithwayo ingenakuncedo xa unesibhakabhaka esezantsi, ayikho kwiminyaka yakho yokufumana imali, okanye ukuba ukulindele ukuba ube kwibhakethi yentela ephezulu elizayo.
Kwizo meko, kunokuba kunengqiqo ukufaka isandla kwi-akhawunti yeRoth ukuze usebenzise inzuzo yokukhula kwemali engenayo irhafu. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba iRoth IRAs inemiqathango eyahlukileyo yokufumana ingeniso kwii-IRAs ezichithwayo kodwa inani legalelo lifanayo.
I-Roth IRA Imirhumo yoNyaka ka-2015
Ukuba usalinga ukugqiba uhlobo luni lwe-IRA eyenza ingqiqo yakho ibe yinyani ukuba ukhangele lo mthonyama onobugcisa kunye ne-Roth IRA.
Cinga ukubeka eceleni imali kwi-Akhawunti Yokugcina Impilo (HSA). Ukuba ubhaliswe kwiSicwangciso seMpilo esiPhezulu esiPhezulu, ii-HSA zihlawulele irhafu, indlela yokunceda ukuhlawula iindleko ezinxulumene nempilo kunye neenzuzo zerhafu. Ii-HSA nazo zenza isicwangciso esilungileyo sokugcina i-minute yokunceda ukunciphisa irhafu yakho yentlawulo. Ngo-2015 imingcele yegalelo ye-HSA yi-$ 3,350 yee-ngamnye kwi-coverage kunye ne-6,650 yee-6.
Ukuba uneminyaka yobudala engama-55 okanye ngaphezulu, kunomnikelo owongezelelweyo wokubamba i-$ 1,000 ukuya kufikeleleke kwi-Medicare ukufaneleka.
Iingxelo zokulondolozwa kwempilo ziyingqayizivele kuba zinikezela ukuxolelwa kweentlawulo ezintathu. Imali oyifakayo kwi-HSAs iyanciphisa i-engenayo yerhafu yakho yangoku, ikhula i-tax-backerred, kwaye iphuma kwi-akhawunti yakho engenakho irhafu ngaphandle kokuba uyisebenzise iindleko ezihlobene nezempilo. I-HSA idla ngokubaluleka njengesithuthi esibalulekileyo sokugcina umhlala-phantsi ngenxa yokuba akukho zihlomelo zokusebenzisa le akhawunti ngenxa yeendleko ezingekho kwizonyango xa usufikelela kwiminyaka yobudala engama-65. (Ukurhoxiswa okungafanelekanga emva kokudala iminyaka engama-65 kubhaliswa kwiirhafu zerhafu eziqhelekileyo.)
IiAkhawunti ze-Savings Health kunye noMhlalaphantsi
Iminikelo ye-HSA isenokuba yenziwe kuze kube ngu-Apreli 15, 2016, kunyaka werhafu ka-2015. Ukulungelelana nokulula ukwenza ukwenziwa kwemali ngokuchithwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwintlawulo ye-HSA. Nangona kunjalo, abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi be-HSA abaqapheli ixesha elongezelelweyo elivumelekile ukuba benze iminikelo yonyaka werhafu ka-2015 ngaphandle kohluthwa ngokuhlawula rhoqo. Ude ude ufike kwirejista yokufakela irhafu (ingabandakanyi naziphi na izandiso) ukwenza igalelo elongezelelweyo kwi-HSA yakho ukuba awunakunikelwanga umrhumo wakho ngokubanjiswa komvuzo ngo-Disemba 31. Ukuze usebenzise ithuba lokulondoloza irhafu, uya kufuneka ube negalelo ngqo kwi-akhawunti ye-HSA ngokubhala ngokukhawuleza isheke okanye ukusekela ngokuzenzekelayo ukudluliselwa kwi-akhawunti yakho yasebhanki.
Inzuzo eyongezelelweyo yokuncitshiswa kwentlawulo yegalelo ye-HSA kukuba akufuneki ukuba uthathe iinqununu ukuba uthathe ibango. Iinjongo zerhafu, igalelo le-HSA ithathwa njengongentla kwehliswa komgca. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokunceda ekunciphiseni imali engenayo ehlawulweyo (AGI) kwaye banokukunceda ukufumana ezinye iintlawulo zedola kunye nezikredenti ezixhomekeke kwimali.
Ukuba unempilweni okanye awuyidingi ukufikelela kwiimali zakho ze-HSA akukho "ukuyisebenzisa okanye ukulahlekelwa" ukubonelela njengoko kunjalo kwiakhawunti yokuchithwa kwemali (FSA). Ngenxa yoko, unokuqhubeka nokushiya iimali ze-HSA kwi-akhawunti yakho kwaye uvumele ukuba ibhalansi yakho ikhule ibe yiminyaka yakho yomhlalaphantsi. Iingxelo zokulondolozwa kwempilo zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutyalomali ngeengxowa-mali ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinikezela ukukhula kwexesha elide.
Ngokungafani negalelo kwi-IRA, i-akhawunti yokulondoloza impilo ayinako ukunciphisa imali. Mane uqaphele ukuba kufuneka ukhuselwe yiplani ye-inshurensi yezempilo ephezulu-deductible kunye ne-akhawunti yokulondoloza impilo enxulumene nayo ngexesha lonyaka werhafu ka-2015. Umhla wokugqibela wokwenza umrhumo we-HSA ngo-Ephreli 15 nangona ubeka isongezelelo.
Linganisa imali yakho yerhafu. Ukuba unomdla wokubona irhafu yakho eqikelelwayo kunyaka werhafu ka-2015 akumele ulinde de ube ufake irhafu yakho yentlawulo. Esi sibalo sokubakhokhelwa kwentlawulo engaphambili singasetyenziselwa ukuqikelela impembelelo yerhafu yenkxaso eyongezelelweyo kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi oxhaswe ngumqeshi, i-IRAs ezichithwayo, izicwangciso ezizimeleyo, okanye ii-HSA.