Iimali eziLungeleleneyo zokuThengisa ixesha elide
Kodwa imali engcono kakhulu yokuxhasana ngemali ngokubanzi ihlala yinto enokuthi abaphathi-mali bangabamba iminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka.
Iimali eziphambili ezifanelekileyo ziza kuba neempawu ezibalulekileyo eziza kuzifumana nakweyiphi na enye yentlawulo yombutho: Abatyalo-mali kufuneka baqwalasele kuphela imali engekho mthwalo kunye nezilinganiso eziphantsi kweendleko , ngakumbi xa kuthengwa imali echanekileyo yemali. Ukuba imali ilawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo, iindleko eziphezulu zinokuthi zichaneke kodwa kukho ezininzi zeengxowa-mali ezichanekileyo kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo olunamaxabiso aphantsi.
Ngaphambi kokuba singene kwiluhlu lwethu lweengxowa-mali ezichanekileyo, siza kuqala ngezinye izinto ezisisiseko sokutshala imali oya kufuna ukwazi (okanye ubuyekeze, ukuba unamava) ngaphambi kokuthenga nokugcina ixesha elide.
Ziziphi Iimali Ezilinganisiweyo?
Kanye njengoko eli gama libonisa, iifizi ezilinganisiweyo zixhaswa ngemali kunye nokutyalwa kwemali yee-asethi. Ifom yezona zinto eziphambili zentengiso yotyalo-mali ziquka iifowuni, iibhondi kunye nemali. Ezinye iingcali zotyalo-mali zingabandakanywa izitya ezixabisekileyo ezifana negolide kunye nesiliva, kwakunye nezinto ezifana neoli, phantsi kweentlobo zee-asethi.
Ngenxa yokulinganisela kweempahla, iimali ezilinganisiweyo zifana nokutshala imali kwimali emibini okanye emithathu, yonke ingxowa-mali.
Njengeminye imirhumo yemali, iimali ezilinganisiweyo ziba nenjongo ebhaliweyo echazwe kwi-prospectus ye-fund kunye nakwiinkcukacha ze-intanethi ezinokufumaneka lula kwiwebhusayithi yekampani ye-fund okanye kwiindawo ezingcono zokuphanda imali .
Iingxowa-mali ezilinganisiweyo zihlelwe ngokwemiqathango yazo. Iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zikwabiwo-mali, ulwabiwo olulinganisiweyo kunye nolwabiwo olubi. Iimali ezixhasayo ziba neendawo zokwabiwa kwee-asethi ezingama-30%, iibhondi ezingama-50 kunye ne-20% yemali. Iimali ezabelo-mali ezabiwe zikwabiwa ngokwabiwo malunga nama-65% kunye nama-35%. Iimali ezimbi ziza kuba nama-80% amasheya kunye nama-bond e-20%.
Kutheni Kutyala imali kwiNgxowa-mali?
Iimali ezilinganisiweyo zingasetyenziselwa iintlobo zeenjongo zotyalo-mali, iinjongo kunye neenjongo zolawulo lwepotfolio . Iimali ezicwangcisiweyo ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukutyalo-mali ngokuqhotyoshelweyo ukuba baqalise ukufumana isiqalo esihle ngeengxowa-mali ezihlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuba bahlangabezane nexabiso elincinci lokutsalwa kwezinto zokutsalwa kweemali ezintathu okanye ezine.
Abanye abatyali-mali bangasebenzisa iimali ezilinganisiweyo njengezibambiso eziphambili kwiipotifoliyo zemali, apho kukho ezinye iindidi ezongeziweyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, umtyalo-mali unokunika isabelo esikhulu sezinto eziphathekayo kwi-fund ye-fund, ke wakha ngeenxa zonke ngeemali ezincinci kwezinye iindidi, njengempahla okanye amazwe.
Iingxowa-mali eziQhathanisiweyo zokuThengela ixesha elide
Nangona ezinye iindleko zokwabiwa kweemali zingasetyenziselwa utyalo-mali olufutshane (ukususela kwiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyimihla), ezininzi iintlobo zeemali ezihlangeneyo, ezibandakanya imali-mali, zilungele ukutyalo-mali (ixesha eli-10 okanye ngaphezulu).
Ngaloo mva, zikhona ezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokufumana imali efanelekileyo yokuthenga nokubamba ixesha elide. Siza kuqala ngeemali ezixhasayo, size senze inkqubela yokumodareyitha kunye nobudlova:
- I-Vanguard LifeStrategy Growing Consorative (VSCGX): Ulwabiwo lweefa malunga neengxowa-mali ezingama-40% kunye no-60%. Oku kuvumela ukukhula okukhawulezayo kodwa okuqhubekayo kwithuba elide, okwenza i-fund efanelekileyo. I-VSCGX iye yakwazi ukulinganisa ngaphezu kwe-5% yokubuyiswa ngonyaka kwixesha elide. Ixabiso lentengo liphantsi kwe-rock ephantsi kwi-0.13% kwaye ubuncinci bokutsalwa kwezobalo-mali kuqala ngu-3,000.
- I-Vanguard Inzuzo ye-Wellesley (VWINX): Ehlabathini elingaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 kunye nokuba mhlawumbi i-fund eyimfuneko yokuxhasa imali kwimarike, iphothifoliyo ye-VWINX iyalondolozela ngokubalulekayo nokwabiwa kwemali ephakathi kwama-35% kunye no-40% amasheya, malunga nee-bonds ezingama-60, kunye intsalela kwi-5% yemali. Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni, uWellesley ubetha ubuncinane i-90% yezinye iimali zokwabiwa ngokuzinzileyo ezibuyiselwe kwiminyaka eyi-3-, eyi-5- kunye ne-10. Ukubuyisa kuye kwaba bhetele ngaphezu kwe-7%, ephantse ibe yimali eninzi efaka imali kwi-stocks 100%. Ngolunye lwezona mali eziphathekayo eziphathekayo eziphathekayo eziphathekayo ezinokuthi zithenge, kunzima ukubetha umlinganiselo wexabiso eliphantsi lo-0.23%. Utyalo-mali obuncinane bokuqala u-3,000.
- UVanguard Wellington (VWELX): Le ngxowa-mali ijikeleze ukususela ngowe-1929 kwaye isengxowa-mali eqinileyo yokuthenga. Ulwabiwo lwee-asethi ze-VWELX lukwahlulwe njengoluhlu olulinganisiweyo kuba luphethe ama-stock% angama-65 kunye nezibophelelo ezingama-35%. Njengenye imali yeVanguard, uza kufumana umlinganiselo wexabiso eliphantsi (0.26%) kwiWellington. Utyalo-mali obuncinane bokuqala u-3,000.
- I-Vanguard Index Balanced (VBINX): Ukuba ufuna ixabiso elincinci, ingxowa-mali engekho-mthwalo ephethe umxube ohambelanayo weempahla kunye nezibophelelo, ungaboni ngaphezu kweVBINX. Ngomlinganiselo weendleko eziphantsi kwe-0.22% kunye ne-balance balance ye-60% kunye ne-40% ezinxulumeneyo, i-VBINX yenza ubume obunzulu obubalulekileyo kwi-potifoliyo eyahlukeneyo okanye utyalo-mali oluqhelekileyo lwabaqalayo. Ukubuyiselwa kwexesha elide kuye kwaba phakathi kwama-6% kunye no-8%. Eyona nto ibonakalayo kwi-investment risk of any kind. Utyalo-mali obuncinane bokuqala u-3,000.
- I-Vanguard STAR (VGSTX): Okwangoku uye waqaphela zonke iimali kwiluhlu lwethu lweemali ezilinganisiweyo ngoku zivela kwi-Vanguard Investments. Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba banomyinge we-$ 3,000 ukuqalisa ukutshala imali. Nangona kunjalo, i-VGSTX inexabiso elingaphantsi kwama-$ 1,000. Kwakhona yinto eyaziwa ngokuba yingxowa-mali yemali, oku kuthetha ukuba ithengisa kwezinye iimali ezihlangeneyo, zonke ezikhethiweyo. I-fund ye-STAR igxotha kwimxube eyahlukeneyo yeemali ezi-11 zeVanguard, okwenza kube yindlela ecacileyo yokuqalisa abatyala-mali okanye abo bafuna isisombululo esisodwa sokuxhasa imali.
- I-Fidelity Balanced (FBALX): Enye yeengxowa-mali ezilinganayo ezifanelekileyo kunye nesabelo esilinganiselweyo, iphothifoliyo yeFBALX inika imali engama-60% kwiimpahla ze-portfolio kwaye ubuncinane ubunama-25% kwizibophelelo, kunye nentsalela ekhokhwayo. Le ngxowa-mali ephethwe ngentshiseko kunye nembali yokubetha umlinganiselo wemigangatho kunye nobudala bexesha elide eli-6% okanye ngaphezulu. Umlinganiselo wendleko yintsebenziswano yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi kwi-0.55% kwaye ubuncinci bokutsalwa kwelokuqala u-$ 2,500.
- I-T. Rowe Ixabiso leSicwangciso seNkcazo ye-Personal Income Income (PRSIX): Sidinga ukufaka enye ingxowa-mali yokongamela kuloluhlu kunye nale ngxowa-mali efanelekileyo ephathekayo eqhuba iphothifoliyo yayo ngokuxuba i-asethi equkethe ama-40% amasheya, ama-50% kunye ne-10% yemali. Injongo yeengxowa-mali yinto yokuqala yokufumana ingeniso kunye nezayo ngokukhula kwezimali. Ubuncinane bokutsha-mali bokuqala-mali ngu-$ 2,500 kunye nexabiso lexabiso lifanelekileyo 0.74%.
- UBruce Fund (BRUFX): I-Bruce Fund ingaba negama elihle kodwa ukwenziwa kwexesha elide kubaluleke kakhulu. Umvuzo onyaka-15 we-year-year-back returns tops 12%, olungcono kunama-99% kuwo wonke ulwabiwo-mali olulinganisiweyo kunye neninzi yemali ye-stock best. Ngako oko, nge-mix of 45% yamasheya, iibhondi ezingama-30% kunye ne-25% yemali, le ngxowa-mali eyimodareyitha kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lunokubuyisela ukubuyisela ngaphezu kwe-average kunye nengozi engaphantsi komyinge. Yilungele ukufumana iintlawulo ezingaphantsi kwexesha ngexesha elifutshane kwiimeko zemarike ezigqithiseleyo. Umlinganiselo weendleko ngu-0.67% kwaye ubuncinci bokutsalwa kweentengo-mali ngu-$ 1,000.
I-Balance ayinikezeli irhafu, utyalo-mali, iinkonzo zemali kunye neengcebiso. Ulwazi lwenziwa ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iinjongo zotyalo-mali, ukunyamezela, okanye imeko zezimali kwanoma yimuphi umtyalo-mali othile kwaye angenakufaneleka kubo bonke abatyalo-mali. Ukusebenza kwangaphambili akubonakali kweziphumo ezizayo. Utyalo-mali luquka ubungozi kubandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwinqununu.