Yintoni efanelekileyo ukuba iPortfolio yakho ibonakale kwi-30s, 40s, ne-50s yakho?
Qala ukutshala imali ngokukhawuleza njengoko unakho kwaye uya kuvuyela amandla omlingo wexesha lokuhlanganisa. Inzuzo enkulu kakhulu ekutyaleni ixesha, ngoko incinci uqala ukutshala imali, ixesha elide lokuba neyadola yakho yokuqala ukukhula kunye nokuhlanganiswa.
Kodwa indlela otyalo-mali uza kuxhomekeka ngayo apho uhlala khona, kwaye iphothifoliyo yakho iya kubheka ngokucacileyo ngokubhekiselele kwindawo ohlala ngayo ebomini.
Nalu utyalo-mali omele uwenze kwimihla emibini yobomi bakho.
Utyalo-mali olulungileyo kwi-30s yakho
Ukuba uneminyaka engama-30 uneminyaka engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu ukuba uzuze kwiimarike zokutshala imali ngaphambi kokuba uthathe umhlalaphantsi. Ukuncipha kwexeshana kwixabiso lentengo akusayi kukulimaza kuba uneminyaka yokubuyisela ukulahlekelwa nayiphi na ilahleko. Ngoko, ukuba isisu sakho singakwazi ukulawula ukungabi nantoni kwexabiso lesitokisi, ngoku lixesha lokutshala imali.
Invest in Workplace 401 (k) okanye 403 (b)
Abaninzi abaqeshwa banandipha imirhumo ehambelana nomqeshi wabo nayiphi na imali-mali kule akhawunti. Le nto ikhululekile! Khangela ukufaka isandla kwipesenti ezili-10 ukuya kwi-15 ekhulwini lomvuzo wakho ngoku, ukuzibeka kwixesha elizayo lemali elikhuselekileyo.
Invest in Roth IRA
Ukuba awunayo i-401 (k), okanye ufuna ukufaka imali eyongezelelweyo yomhlalaphantsi, khangela ukuba iRoth IRA ihlawulwe irhafu. Ukuba udibana nezikhokelo ezithile zenkxaso-mali unako ukutyalomali ukuya kwii-5 500 zamayela emva kweerhafu zerhafu.
Inzuzo yeRoth kukuba imali ikhula irhafu ichithwe kwaye ayifani ne-401 (k), awuyi kuhlawulwa nayiphi na irhafu xa uhoxisa imali kwi-retrait.
Invest Invest in Mostly Stock Fund, Ngezinye Iimali
Emva kwexesha elide, ukutshalwa kwemali kweentengo kuye kwabetha ezo zibophelelo kunye nemali. Ukususela ngo-1928 ukuya ku-2016, i-S & P 500 ibuyile umyinge we-9,53 wamaphesenti ngonyaka, i-bonds ye-Treasury yeminyaka eyi-10 eyamkelayo i-4.91 ekhulwini ngonyaka kunye ne-3-nyanga yemali ye-Nondyebo (i-proxy yemali) yenze iipesenti ezingama-3,42.
Nangona iibhondi zizinzile, awuyi kushaya amasheya ukuba ukhangele ukwandisa imali yakho kwixesha elide.
Ngoko ke, ukuba unengxaki yokunyamezela, kufuneka utyalomle iipesenti ezingama-70 ukuya kuma-85 ekhulwini kwiimali zeempahla kunye ntsalela ekubanjweni kunye nokutyalomali kwemali. Okanye, ukuba ufuna ukuya kwindlela elula, khetha i-target target fund kunye ne-asethi yakho iya kuqala xa usencinane kwaye ngokuzenzekelayo ube nolondolozo ngakumbi xa usondela kumhlalaphantsi.
Invest in Real Estate
Unokutshala imali ekhaya, ukuba ucinga ukuba uya kuhlala ubeke iminyaka engama-5 +. Okanye cinga ukutshala imali kwipropati yokurenta okanye kwi- REIT fund . Ngamaxabiso omhlaba aphantsi, ukuba awukho kwenye yeemarike ezinkulu ezithengwa ngexabiso elininzi ngaphezu kweNew York yaseSan Francisco, inokukwenza ukuba ube nempumelelo yomntu kunye nemali yokuthenga impahla.
Invest in Yourself
I-30 yakho yithuba elide lokufumana i-degree ephakamileyo okanye ubuninzi bezakhono zomsebenzi wakho. Ukuba unokwandisa umvuzo wakho kwii-30s zakho, uya kuba neminyaka emininzi ukuhlanganisa umvuzo wakho.
Iingxowa-mali ezigqithisayo kuma-40 wakho
Ukuba usuphelile kwiqela elondolozayo kunye notyalo-mali, ngoku yisikhathi sokubeka i-pedal kwi-medal kwaye wenze ezo zorhwebo zokurhweba. Emva kwakho konke, awufuni ikamva kwikhaya lakho lezingane, ngaba wena?
Invest in Workplace 401 (k) okanye 403 (b)
Udinga ukukhuphisa ulondolozo lwakho kunye nokutyalomali ukulungiselela umhlalaphantsi. Ukuba awuzange usindiswe kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi somqeshi wakho, qalisa ngoku. Ukuba utyalomali kwi-401 (k), jolisa ukutshala imali engama-18,000 ngonyaka.
Ukuba uqala kwiminyaka engama-40 kwaye uxabise i-target ye-18,000 ye-year ye-target year, ngoko-ntlawulo ye-6 yeepesenti ngonyaka, ngo-67 ubudala uza kufinyelela kwiqanda lesidumbu se-dollar. Oku kungenako ukwanela ukuba uthathe umhlalaphantsi kwangoko ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuphila okude kusetyenziswa i-akhawunti, kodwa i-dollar yezigidi iyindawo eqaqambileyo yokuqala.
Ulwabiwo lweeAfa
Ulwabiwo lwe-asethi kwiminyaka yakho-40 luya kuxhomekeka ngakumbi kumabhonkco kunye notyalo-mali oluzinzileyo kunama-30 yakho. Nangona umlinganiselo wesabelo-mali utyalo-mali luyahluka ngoxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokunciphisa umngcipheko. Umgcini-mali, umngcipheko-mali osenokuba ngumngcipheko unokuthi ukhululekile kunye ne-60 pesenti ye-stock kunye ne-40% yesabelo sebhondi.
Umtyalo-mali onobudlova kwiminyaka yabo-40 inokuthi ilungile kunye neepesenti ezingama-70 ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini lwemali yesabelo. Khawukhumbule nje, xa unempahla eninzi ye-stock, ubuninzi bakho beliphothifoliyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba uquka iimali zeempahla zamazwe ngamazwe ngokubanzi kunye nee-REIT kumxube wakho wokutyalomali. Kwaye ukunamathela ngexabiso elincinci lokuhlawula imali liya kugcina iindleko zakho zokutyalomali ukukhangela.
Utyalo-mali olulungileyo kwii-50s zakho
Ngoku lixesha lokuhlola iinjongo zakho zexesha elizayo kwaye uphonononge indlela ohlala ngayo kunye nexesha elizayo lokuphila. Phanda ingeniso yakho yangoku, ingeniso yeprojekthi kunye neemeko zerhafu. Iziphumo zohlalutyo lwakho ziyakuthonya utyalo-mali olufanelekileyo kwii-50s zakho.
Ukuba uhamba ngomhlalaphantsi uze uqhubeke wenza oko waqala kumashumi eminyaka edlulileyo. Njengoko ufikelela kumhla wakho wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, uya kufaka ukutshintshela ukukhutshwa kwefowuni yakho kunye nokwandisa ukwabiwa kwiibhondi kunye nemali. Amaphesenti athile aya kuqulunqwa ngethuba elingakanani kwaye xa ulindele ukuba ungene kwiingxowa-mali zakho. Ukuba ulindele ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kuma-67 kwaye ufumana uxolo lweNtlalo kunye neminye imithombo engenayo, unokulibaziseka ukuchitha utyalo-mali. Ngaloo ndlela unokuba ngumsindo kakhulu ngokutyalomali lwakho kuma-50s. Ukuba akunjalo, ama-60 ekhulwini lwemali-mali kunye nama-bond e-50 e-bond ngumxube omhle kubatyalo-mali abaninzi.
Cwangcisa iiNkcazo zakho ezongeziweyo
Phanda ukudala utyalo-mali lwemali engenayo. Shift ezinye zokutyalomali zakho kwi-dividend ephezulu ekuhlawuleleni i-stock and bond bond. Cinga i-REIT kunye neentlawulo zokuhlawula i-juicier. Ngaloo ndlela, unokwenza iphothifoliyo yakho ukulahla imali ethile kwimali yomhlalaphantsi.
Ekugqibeleni, indlela otyalo-mali ngayo kwiminyaka elishumi ibhekiswe yinkqubela phambili oyenzayo kwiinjongo zakho zemali. Qala ukusindisa kunye nokutyalomali ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela imali yakho kusasa.
UBarbara A. Friedberg ungumphathi wepotfoliyo kunye nomcebisi-mali weyunivesithi. Ukubhala kwakhe kubonakala kwiiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kuquka uRobo-Advisor Pros.com kunye noBarbara Friedberg Personal Finance