Ngaba umzali unembopheleleko yomthetho okanye yokuziphatha ukuhlawula imfundo yekholeji yabantwana? Lo mbuzo udlalwa kuwo, kuzo zonke iindawo, iinkundla ze-bankrupt kulo lonke uhlanga. Ngeendleko zemfundo ephakamileyo, kunye netyala lokubolekisa ngemali kwixesha elide elingaphezu kwama-dollar ayi-trillion, abazali abanokukwazi ukunceda abantwana babo ukuhlawula iindleko zemfundo ephakamileyo kungenzeka.
Kodwa kuthekani ngaba bazali abazama ukukunceda kodwa bengabikho kwiindawo eziphathekayo zezimali ukuze benze njalo? Xa isikhundla sabo sezimali esinqabileyo kamva siba nzima, kwaye bakhetha ukufakela ityala le-bankruptcy, ikholeji inokuzifumana ummangalelwa enkundleni yecandelo lolawulo lwee-bankruptcy ukufumana ezo ntlawulo zokufundiswa.
Ubulungisa kwiBhanki
Kutheni ukuba inkundla yebhanki inelungelo lokuhamba emva kweentlawulo zezifundo ezenziwe ngaphambili - kangangoko kwiminyaka emibini ngaphambi - ityala le-bankruptcy lifakwe? Yonke isekelwe kwingcamango eyenzelwe ukwenza inkqubo ye-bankruptcy ifaneleke kwaye inokuqinisekisa ukuba ababolekisi abafanayo baphathwa ngokufanayo. Kwaye oku akunakongeza kuphela kwimeko yecala lokutsalwa, kodwa liyaqonda ukuba ababolekisi baye baphathwa ngokungathandekiyo xa umntu enenkinga yemali engabonakaliyo kwaye ecinga ukufaka ityala le-bankruptcy.
Iimfuno zokuqhawula
Kwimeko yeCandelo 7 yokuchithwa , inkundla inyule umphathiswa onomsebenzi wakhe uquka ukuchongwa, ukuhanjwa kunye nokuchithwa kwexabiso lempahla engaphezulu kwefayili ekuhanjisweni kubathengi.
Umntu onetyala - umntu ofake i-caseruptcy case - akayi kunika yonke i-asethi yakhe xa efakela i-bankruptcy. Umboleki uvumelekile ukuba agcine ezinye iimpahla zexabiso elithile ukuze anandiphe "ukuqala ngokutsha" xa kugqitywa. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zikhululo okanye iimpahla ezikhutshwayo . Umphathiswa uthatha inkokhelo yepropati engasayi kuxolelwa kwaye ihlawule xa kuyimfuneko.
Okwangoku, iibheno zamatyala ezibolekisi zentlawulo enkundleni. Xa umphathiswa ethe wagqiba umsebenzi wokuhlawulela impahla engeyiyo ihlawulwa, uya kuqinisekisa ukuba amabango afanelekileyo kwaye axhaswa ngokwaneleyo. Emva koko, uya kusasaza ikhefu lemali eqokelelweyo ukuze anelise amabango ngokubhekiselele kwishedyuli ephambili echazwe kwikhowudi ye-bankruptcy. Ukuba akanakho okwaneleyo ukuhlawula abathengi be-100%, ngamnye umbolekisi bafumana isabelo seprojekthi .
Okuthandayo kunye noTshintsho oluPheleleyo
Umgaqo okhokelwayo kwi-bankruptcy yonyango olulinganayo nababolekisi abafanayo. Oku kudlulela ngaphaya kokuhanjiswa kweempahla ngu-trustee. Xa umboleki efika ekungeneni, ngamanye amaxesha umboleki uya kusebenzisa izibonelelo ezinqongophala ukuhlawula abathengi abathandekayo. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zikhethwe ngokukhethekileyo . Iintlawulo ezikhethiweyo zenziwa ngeentsuku ezingama-90 ezandulela ukufakela i-bankruptcy, okanye ngokude nje unyaka ukuba zenziwe okanye zenzelwe i-insider, njengesihlobo. Ukufunda okungaphezulu malunga nokutyelela ukutyelela Yintoni i-Transfer Preferential Transfer?
Ngokufanayo, umntu onetyala angasebenzisa ixabiso lokuhlawula iimpahla okanye iinkonzo ngaphandle kokufumana ixabiso elilinganayo ngokubuyisela. Okanye umboleki angadlulisela ngokuthe ngqo i-asethi njengesipho.
Ezi zicatshulwa njengezigqithiso. Nangona ubuqhetseba obunjalo abubandakanyekanga, umphumo ufana. Umboleki ulahlekelwe yizinto ezingenakuthatyathwa yixabiso elinganayo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga nale miba, jonga Yintoni eDluliselwayo?
Ikhowudi ye-bankruptcy inikezela ngamatrasti angaqhelekanga ukuba ahlawule ezo ntlawulo, aze "ahlawule" ezo zinto. Ezi zihlandlo zibizwa ngokuthi "ingalo enamandla" yamatrasti. Kwezinye iimeko, umphathiswa angakwazi ukufikelela emva kweminyaka emibili ukuzisa ibhanki yexabiso kwi-estate assets. Kwezinye iimeko unako ukubuyela ngaphaya komthetho welizwe. Ukongeza, i-trustee inikwe i-leeway ebanzi xa iintlawulo zifumana okanye "insider." Abahlali bangabandakanya abaqabane nabasebenzi, kodwa banokuquka izihlobo.
Ngenxa yeso sizathu, abatyala banyanzelekile ukuba bachaze ukuthengwa kwemali okwenziwe kwiminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe ityala le-bankrupt, nangona i-trustee inamalungelo akhe okuphanda ngokuzimeleyo ukufumanisa ukuba umntu onetyala nguye owenza iintlawulo ezinokukhetha okanye zenziwa ngaphandle kokutshintshaniswa okulinganayo kwintlawulo kumboleki.
I-Claice Back Back
Faka i-claw yokufunda kwakhona. Kule nje nje nje i-trasti iqala ukusebenzisa amandla awo angamandla okugada ukubuyisela kwakhona iintlawulo zezifundo ezenziwa ngababoleki egameni labantwana. Ngokutsho kwinqaku e-Wall Street Journal * ukukhangela iirekhodi zoluntu ukususela ngo-2008 kwajika izikhwama ezifakwe kwiikholeji ezingama-25 ezahlukeneyo. Iikholeji ezili-12 zathatha kwaye zabuyisela ubuncinane ezinye zezifundo kwi-trustee. Uhlu lokubuyisela ukusuka kwiiyure ezili-dolophu ukuya kumawaka amawaka. Iikholeji ezininzi zinokukhawuleza ukuzinza ukuphepha ukungaqiniseki kunye neendleko zecala eliqhubekayo.
* Iingxowa-mali zeBhancercy zichaze i-College College yeeKholeji ezihlawulwayo kwi-Kids's , K. Stech, kwi-Wall Street Journal, ngoMeyi 5, 2015.
Ukucinga emva kwezigwegwe kuhamba into enje:
- Umntwana ungaphezu kweminyaka yobude.
- Abazali abasenalo myalelo onyanzelekileyo wokubonelela umntwana.
- Iintlawulo zezifundo ziphiwo izipho ezenziwe kumntwana okanye zenziwe kwiikholeji egameni lomntwana.
- Nangona umntwana ngokuqinisekileyo ufumene ixabiso ngokutshintshela iintlawulo zeemfundo, loo xabiso ayiphumeli kubazali.
- Umntwana "ungaphakathi" kubazali abanetyala, ngoko ke, umphathiswa angakwazi ukukhangela emva konyaka omnye ngaphambi kokuba i-caseruptcy case efakwe kwi-transfer preference, ixesha elide ngenxa yokutshintshwa kobuqhetseba.
Iintlawulo zokufundiswa ezenziwe egameni lomntwana ongazange afinyelele kwinani lebaninzi nazo zinokuphetshwa njengokuba kukho ukutshintshwa okukhethiweyo okanye ukukhwabanisa. Umthetho wezona zininzi zifuna ukuba umzali anikezele ngaphezu kwezidingo ezisisiseko ezifana nokutya, amanzi, izambatho, unyango, imfundo kunye nophahla phezu kweentloko. Imfuno yemfundo ayiyi kubandakanya isikolo sabucala okanye iikholeji ngaphandle kokuba umntwana eneemfuno ezizodwa ezingenakuqwalaselwa ngendlela engabizi.
Isikhundla seKholeji
Ezinye iinkundla eziye zanikwa le ngxaki zincedise iikholeji. Ezi nkundla zidla ngokukhankanya ukulindela ukuziphatha okanye uluntu ukuba abazali baya kunceda abantwana babo ngeendleko zemfundo ephakamileyo xa bekwazi ukwenza njalo. Ubuncinane inkundla enye ibone ukuba iintlawulo azizange zifaneleke njengeenketho okanye ukutshintshwa kobuqhetseba ngenxa yokuba babenengqiqo kwaye kuyimfuneko yokugcinwa kwentsapho. Enye ingxabano enokuthi ikhuphe ixabiso kubazali njengokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana uya kushiya iikholeji elungele ukwenza ubomi kwaye akayi kuba lula ukukhusela i-boomerang ekhaya.
Ngaba iiNtlawulo zeeThutho ezingekho phantsi kweNkundla zihlala zihlala zingekho phantsi?
Kuthiwani malunga neentlawulo zezifundo ezenziwe ngokulandela isiganeko esivumelwaneni sokuqhawula okanye isivumelwano sokuhlaliswa kwempahla? Nokuba ezo ziyakunqandwa ukutshintshwa okukhethiweyo okanye mhlawumbi njengotshintsho lobuqhetseba. Umzali angenakho uxanduva lomthetho ukuhlawula inkxaso yenkxaso yabantwana, kodwa abazali bahlala bangena kwizivumelwano zokubonelela ngezinto ezifana nokunyango lwezonyango kunye nokufundiswa kweekholeji kubantwana babo. Izivumelwano zokuhlaliswa kweepropati ayinakukhutshwa kwimeko yeSahluko 7, nangona ziyakhululwa kwiCandelo leSahluko 13 sokuhlawula imali. Kodwa akukho nto ikhowudi ye-bankruptcy iya kuphakamisa ukuba ezi ntlawulo azixhomekeke kumandla angqongqo wengalo.
Umbuzo malunga namatyala angahlawulwayo akukona ukuba unokutsalwa kwakhona, kodwa nokuba ityala elibuyiselwayo liya kugcina isimo salo njengengenakukhutshwa. Oku kubonakala kungumbuzo ongaphenduliweyo. Xa umphathiswa enqanda ukukhethwa okanye ukutshintshwa kobuqhetseba, ityala libuyiselwa. Ngoko ke, ukuba umbolekisi uhlawula i-$ 1,000 kwi-trustee, umbolekisi uhlawulelwa i-$ 1,000 kwakhona. Umbuzo ubonakala ukuba ngubani oboleka ityala. Ingaba ngumhlaba ongekho phantsi okanye ngaba ityala ngabanye? Ukuba ngaba ngumntu onetyala, loo matyala uya kusinda kwi-bankruptcy. Kukho ukwahlula kwamagunya kulo mbandela. Ngoko ke, inokuxhomekeka kwiliphi igunya ohlala kulo.
Uluhlu lokubuyela emva luchaphazela njani isimo seMfundi?
Ingxaki ngakumbi kunokuba ingxaki yokukhupha ingabakho ubudlelwane phakathi komfundi kunye nesikolo emva kokuba i-suit's successor suit is. Umfundi ufumene ixabiso lemali ebekwe egameni lakhe. Xa umfundi efunwa ngemali okanye iifizi, iikholeji zihlala ziqulethe imigaqo-nkqubo ephikisayo imibhalo okanye amanye amalungelo kumfundi. Iikholeji ezininzi zibonakala zithatha ikhosi efanelekileyo kwaye ziyaqaphela ukuba umfundi wayengenakho ulawulo phezu kwesiphumo kwaye akafanele abe noxanduva lwemiba yezemali zabazali okanye umphathiswa wakhe ukhethe ukufunyanwa kwemali.