FCRA

UMthetho weNkcazo yeMboleko we-Fair Credit ka-1970

UMthetho weeNkcazo weeNkcazo we-Fair Credit we-1970 ulawula ukuqokelela, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokwabiwa kwakhona kolwazi lwabathengi. Yenziwe ngo-26 Oktobha 1970 njengesihloko VI soMthetho woLuntu 91-508, 84 I-Stat. I-1114, inokufumaneka kwi-United States Code (15 USC § 1681 kunye ne-qq.) Imele isichibiyelo kuMthetho woKhuseleko lwaBathengi ka-1968, kwaye iyacetyiswa yi- FTC . Umthetho uvame ukubizwa ngokuba ngu-FCRA , kwaye unokufumana ikopi yayo ngqo kwi-FTC, okanye unokuwujonga umyalelo njengoko umi kwi-US Code kwiwebsite ye-University of School yase-Cornell .

Ekuqaleni, umthetho wawubaluleke kakhulu kwiibhanki kunye nee-arhente zokubhengeza abathengi (CRA), kunye namashishini athumela ulwazi kubo. Namhlanje, lo mthetho usebenza kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo eqokelela ulwazi oluvela kuwe ngqo, kunye nakwiirekhodi zoluntu.

Umthetho walungiswa ngo-2003 nguMthetho oLungileyo kunye nokuThengiswa kweMali-mboleko (FACTA) ukuvumela abathengi ukuba bafumane ingxelo ye-mahhala evela kwi-arhente yokubhengeza abathengi ehlanganiswe yi-FCRA. Ngaloo xesha, ke, uludwe lwabameli bee-mboleko zabathengi bekhulile kakhulu. I-FCRA ichaza imibutho emele ihambisane nomthetho ngohlobo lwengcaciso ephathwayo. Njengababolekisi bemali-mboleko baye bandisa ukukhangela kwabo ukuthenga i-credit credit to include things like billing utilities and history, le mibutho eqokelela lolu hlobo lwengcaciso ifakiwe.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-FCRA ithi unokubona nayiphi na inkcazelo i-CRA inefayile yakho kuwe, kwaye unelungelo lokuphikisana nolwazi olungachanekanga kule fayile.

Ukuba uphikisana nento ethile, i-FCRA ichaza indlela le ngxabano isisombululo ngayo, kwaye ukuba ulwazi oluchanekileyo luyakususwa, kufuneka bakuxelele iintsuku ezingama-5 ukuba ulwazi lubuyiselwe kwifayile yakho.

Ukuba ulwaphulo lokutshitshiswa kobunikazi, kunjalo, inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-FCRA yiCandelo 609 (e). Le nxalenye ithi xa inkampani ikwenzile ishishini nomntu usebenzisa ulwazi lwakho (ngamanye amagama, isela lobunikazi othi ungubani) le nkampani kufuneka ikunikeze zonke izicelo kunye neirekhodi zoshishino ezenziwe ngegama lakho.

Nangona kunjalo, iinkampani zinike iinkxwaleko zezobuhlanga ukuba zininzi iintlungwini ngale nto. Ezinye iinkampani zithi zikwazi ukukhulula iirekhodi kuba ziyimpahla, abanye bangathi bangayi kukunika ulwazi ngaphandle kwenkundla yenkundla. Abambalwa baye bahamba ukuza kuthi bangayi kunika loo ngcaciso kuba kufuneka bakhusele ubumfihlo babathengi babo (qaphela ukuba ungaqhubeki xa bakuxelela oko.) Ingxaki ixhaphake, ukuba i-FTC ibhale incwadana ejongene ngqo nale ngxaki. (QAPHELA: I-FTC yachithwa ngoFebruwari 17, 2012, kwaye yayifanele ithathe ikhonkco kule ncwadana ize ibhekiselele ekungabikho kokungabikho. Abazange banike ixesha xa eli liza kubuyiselwa.) Baye badala ileta onokuyenza khuphela ukuthumela kwiinkampani ukuba ufuna ukufumana ezi rekhodi.

I-FCRA ichaza ukuba ezi ngxelo ziyakunikwa, kunye negosa lokunyanzeliswa komthetho olikhethayo-eliya kuba ngumcuphi ojongene naloo nto (ukuba unalo.)

Enye inzuzo i-FCRA inikezela abathengi kukuba ivumela ummi wabucala ukuba azitshutshise icala labo nxamnye naluphi na "i-arhente yokubika ingxelo yabathengi" ephulaphule umthetho kummandla wephondo okanye wenkundla.

Ummiselo wokunciphisa ubuneminyaka engama-5 emva kwesiphakamiso esisiseko solu hlobo, okanye kwiminyaka emibili emva kokufumanisa, nayiphi na emfutshane. (Ngamanye amagama, ukuba awufumani ukuphulwa kweminyaka engama-6, awuyi kukwazi ukufakela i-suit ngoba iifutshane iya kuba yiminyaka emi-5, kwaye yayiza kudlulayo.) Iinkampani azi ukuba ziye zaphula i-FCRA unokukwazi ukuba netyala elixothwe ngokukwazisa abaxhasi babo ngempazamo, kuba oku kuya kunika abaxhasi ngefestile iminyaka engama-2 endaweni yoko, emva koko bangatsho ukuba ummiselo wemingcele sele udlulile.