Ishukumisela Ukuqwalasela Ukufumana IYayilwayo Yentela Yakho Nelungelo
Ukuhlala phantsi ne-calculator okanye isofthiwe yesofthiwe yokufumanisa into omele uyenze uMalume Sam ayiyiyo ingcamango yomntu ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kodwa nakhu ezinye iindaba ezinokuthi zikhanyise umbono wakho. Unalo uluhlu olubanzi lweendlela zobukho ozinayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ibhajethi yakho yentela ayikho ngaphezu kwayo.
Ukuqaphela ukuba yeyiphi i-tactics eyenza ingqiqo enkulu ithetha ukuhlalutya imali yakho yangoku, ukuqikelela iimeko zakho zerhafu kwiminyaka edluleyo, nokuchonga ukuthengiswa kwemali okungenzeka ukuba unyaka okanye unyaka ozayo.
Ukuhlalutya iiMali zakho zangoku
Okokuqala, qhayisa umvuzo wakho kunye neendleko zakho zonyaka ukuya kutsho kwaye ulindele ukuba baya kuba yintoni intsalela yonyaka. Ewe, ukuba ulungiselela ukubuyiswa kwakho kwentlawulo ye-2017 emva kokuqala konyaka, kufuneka ufumane yonke idatha oyifunayo kulo nyaka.
Ngoku uqikelele oko ukulindeleyo ingeniso yakho, iindleko kunye nokulondolozwa kuya kuba ngo-2018.
Ingaba ufuna ntoni?
Ungayisebenzisa le ngcaciso ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kuza kubonakalisa ibhakha yakho yerhafu yokugqibela ye-2017, kwaye iya kukuxelela ukuba ibhakha yakho yerhafu ingaba njani ngo-2018.
Ukuba ukulindele ukuba ube kwibhakethi yerhafu ephantsi kunyaka ozayo, cinga ukutshintsha ukufumana umvuzo wokuphela komnyaka emva kokuqala konyaka ukuba kunokwenzeka. Yithumele phambili kunyaka werhafu olandelayo.
Ukuba unokuzikhethela phakathi kokusebenzisa utyalo oluthile kunyaka owodwa kodwa kungabikho bobabini, cinga ukuhambisa ukuncitshiswa kulo nyaka xa usesikhwameni serhafu ephezulu ukwenzela ukuba wenze okulungileyo kakhulu.
Emva koko, uya kufuna ukufumana ingeniso yakho epheleleyo okanye i-AGI ngo-2017 kwaye kwakhona ngo-2018. Ukunciphisa amaninzi kunye nezikwereti zinemiqathango yokuphuma-xa ufumana imali engaphezulu kwesi sixa, unganakuzibango okanye unakho kuphela ibango ityala elincinciweyo. Ingaba i-AGI yakho kunyaka ngamnye isondela kumda wokuphuma kwinqanaba okanye nayiphi na imali echithwayo ukuba ufaneleke?
Ukuba kunjalo, qwalasela iindlela zokutshintshwa kwengeniso okanye ukwandisa utshintsho kwimali engenayo ukugcina i-AGI yakho ekujoliswe kuyo.
Khangela iRhafu yeRhafu kwaye ubukele iKhalenda
Ngoku yisikhathi sokwenza umsebenzi wesikolo esincinane. Ngaba kukho naziphi na ikhefu zentela onokuzithatha ngo-2017 ezingayi kuba malunga no-2018? Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa kuqhotyoshelwe uMthetho weCandelo loNcedo lweRhafu kunye neMisebenzi kwaye luqala ukusebenza ngoFebhuwari 2018 njengoko kulindeleke. Kukulindeleke ukuba umthetho omtsha uzakuchaphazela ukuchithwa kweerhafu ezininzi kunye neengxowa-mali. Ukuba ukuncitshiswa kuhlonyelwe ukuba kuphele xa umthetho otsha werhafu usuqala ukusebenza, uya kufuna ukubamba ngoku ukuba unako.
Nazi ezinye izinto ezimbalwa ongafuna ukugcina iso:
- Umngcipheko wokuncitshiswa kweendleko zonyango ezifumanekayo kubahlawuli berhafu abaza kuhlahla ukusuka kwi-10 ekhulwini kwi-AGI ukuya kuma-7.5 ekhulwini phantsi komthetho omtsha. Oko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba njengomnyaka werhafu ka-2017, unokukrazula kuphela isahlulo seendleko zakho zonyango ezifanelekileyo ezigqithise iipesenti ezili-10 zomvuzo wakho opheleleyo. Kukho ithuba lokuba eli lungiselelo liza kuphinda libuyiselwe ukuhlawula umnyaka werhafu ka-2017, kodwa ukuba oko akunakwenzeka, kuya kuba ngcono ukulinda de emva komhla wokuqala wonyaka kunye nokuhlawula iindleko zonyango ezigqityiweyo ngo-2018 ukuba kunokwenzeka. Emva koko babeza kudlula i-7.5 ekhulwini ye-AGI yakho.
- Umthetho omtsha werhafu kulindeleke ukuba ususe uhluthiso oluthileyo ngenjongo yokubolekwa kwemali yesikweletu, nangona intsalela ihlala ityala lokufumana inxulumene namakhaya okuqala kunye nesibini ukuya kuma-750,000. Ukuba ucinga ukuhlaziya kunye nokuthatha imali, unokufuna ukukwenza ngoDisemba ukuba kunokwenzeka.
- Ukuba uphantsi koNyango oNcinane weRhafu, u-2018 kufuneka ube ngumsebenzi ongcono kuwe ukuba uMthetho weCandelo loNgeniso lweRhafu kunye neMisebenzi lidlula. Umthetho ukwandisa ukukhululwa kwemali malunga nama-25 ekhulwini. Yinto ekumele uyigcine engqondweni xa uqikelela imeko yerhafu yonyaka ozayo.
Ezi zimbalwa zithuba eziqhelekileyo zerhafu ezinokuthi zichaphazeleke ngumthetho omtsha, kwaye kunokwenzeka-nangona kungenakucingwa ngathi-ukuba i-bill ayiyi kudlula. Sekunjalo, yimiba enokufuna ukuyigcina engqondweni.
Ezinye iiNtengo zeMali zeFlexible
Unokwenza ezinye iintengo zemali ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka okanye emva kokuqala kuka-2018. Ezi ziquka:
- Iminikelo yobubele
- Ukuthengiswa kwezinto, iibhondi kunye namanye amatyala
- Iinguqu zeRoth
- Ukuthatha isabelo se-401k kunye ne-IRA
- Ukuhlawula irhafu ehlawulweyo irhafu okanye irhafu yepropati
- Ukulungiswa kweminikelo kwi-401 (k) okanye icebo elifanayo lomhlalaphantsi
Iinyanga zokugqibela zerhafu eziya kuCamngca
Nazi izinto ezimbalwa zokuqwalasela xa uphatha ingeniso ekupheleni konyaka:
| Uhlobo lwenzuzo | UkuNciphisa iNgeniso yakho | Ukwandisa Imali Yakho |
| Imivuzo | - Ukunyusa umrhumo we-pretax kwi-401 yakho (k) okanye isicwangciso sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi esifanayo ukwenzela ukunciphisa ingeniso yakho.
- Buza ukuba ibhonasi yomsebenzi wokuphela komnyaka ingakhokhelwa kunyaka ozayo kunalo nyaka.
- Yeka ukusebenzisa ikhefu lokukhuthaza ikhefu.
| - Sebenza ixesha elingaphezu kwexesha, cela ukuphakanyiswa, ukunciphisa iminikelo yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, ukutshintshwa kweminikelo yomhlala-phantsi kwiRoth 401 (k) okanye iRoth 403 (b) emva kwentela.
- Ukuzikhethela izikhetho zentengiso.
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I ngeniso ye shishini
| - Sebenzisa kwiindleko ezirhoxisiweyo zerhafu ezifana nezixhobo kunye nezinto.
- Yenza irhafu yokuhlawula idiphozithi kulo nyaka kunokuba ulinde kude kube ngu-Jan. 15 umhla wokuba unganokukhwelisa irhafu yerhafu ye-Q4 kulo nyaka.
- Yeka ukuthumela ii-invoyisi kunye nokuqokelela kwi-akhawunti efunyenweyo de kube ngumnyaka ozayo.
- Khangela ilahleko zoshishino ezinokuthi zikhuphe enye inzuzo.
- Ukuphonononga izicwangciso zomhlalaphantsi kunye nokuqwalasela ukubeka i-solo 401 (k) ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka.
| - Thumela i-invoyisi kwaye uzame ukuqokelela kuma-akhawunti athile afunyenweyo ekupheleni konyaka.
- Lindela ukuchitha imali kwiindleko zoshishino kuze kube nguJanuwari.
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| Ukuzuza kweNkunzi kunye nokulahlekelwa | - Sebenzisa ukuthengiswa kwezitofu okanye ukutshintshana okufana nomnxeba ukuchasisa uzuzo kunyaka ozayo.
- I-bracket ye-39,6 yepesenti iqala kwi-418,400 zama-dollar kwi-filer enye kunye ne-470,700 i-47 yezibini ezitshatileyo ezifakela ngokubambisana ngo-2017, nangona isantya esiphezulu serhafu phantsi komthetho omtsha kulindeleke ukuba siphume kuma-37 ekhulwini. Ukuzuza kwexesha elide elingaphantsi kwereksi yerhafu kuhlawuliswa kwipesenti ezingama-20 endaweni yeepesenti ezili-15, kwaye banokuxhomekeka kwi- intax ye - 3.8 yepesenti yokutsalwa kwengeniso .
- Cinga " ukulahlekelwa kokulahlekelwa ." Thengisa izithuba kunye nokulahleka okungapheliyo ukunciphisa iintlawulo ezihlawulwayo.
- Qaphela ukuba uthengise imali-mali ithengiswe ngelahleko kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-30. Oku kunokudala ukuthengiswa kokuhlamba .
- Yeka ukuthengisa izikhundla ezixhamlayo kude kube ngumnyaka ozayo.
- Qinisekisa ukuba ukulahlekelwa kwee-carryover kusebenza kwi-short-term gains wheneverever possible.
- Ukuhlukana kweepotifoliyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zerhafu ukwenzela ukuba usebenze ngempumelelo yerhafu.
| - Cinga " ukufumana ukuvunwa ." Thengisa naliphi na ixesha elide elizuzayo ukuzalisa imali engenayo engenayo kwi-top brains ye-15. Iintlawulo ezinjalo ziya kuhlawuliswa kwipesenti zero.
- Thengisa nayiphi na ixabiso lexesha elide ukuzalisa ingeniso ehlawulwayo ephezulu kwi-bracket ye-35 ekhulwini. Ukufumana okunjalo kuya kuhlawuliswa kwi-15 ekhulwini.
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| Ulwabiwo lomhlalaphantsi | - Ukuba ufuna ukurhoxisa imali ephezulu kwisicwangciso somhlala phantsi, qwa lasela ukuba kungcono ukuthatha imali kulo nyaka ukuya kunyaka ozayo, okanye usasaze impembelelo yerhafu ngokukhupha abanye kulo nyaka kwaye unyaka ozayo.
| - Thatha iindwendwe ezincinci ezifunekayo (RMDs) ekupheleni konyaka.
- Ukuba uneminyaka engama-70 ubudala ubudala ngo-2017, i-RMD yakho yokuqala kufuneka ithatyathwe ngo-Apreli 1, 2017, kodwa unokulibaziseka kude kube ngumnyaka emva kokuba uguqule u-70½. Mbonise ukuba kunenzuzo ngakumbi ukuthatha i-RMD kulo nyaka okanye ukuthatha ii-RMD ezimbini ngonyaka ozayo.
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| Ukuguqula i-Pretax IRA kwiRoth IRA emva kwentela | - Oku kwandisa ingeniso yakho engenayo kunyaka wokuguqulwa.
- Unokutshintsha ukuguqulwa ngo-Apreli 15 okanye ngo-Oktobha 15. Oku kunengqiqo ukuba ixabiso lentlawulo liphantsi ngokukhawuleza xa kuthelekiswa neendleko zerhafu ezizayo.
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| Izinzuzo zoKhuseleko loLuntu | - Ukufumana ingeniso engaphezulu kunokuthetha ukuba ezinye iinkonzo zakho ziya kuhlawulwa.
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| Ukulahleka Okungapheliyo Kwiindawo Zokuhlala Nezoshishino | - Ukubonisa ukuba ilahleko zakho ezingapheliyo ziya kuncitshiswa okanye zihluthwe kulo nyaka. Ukuba kunjalo, ilahleko ezithintekayo ziyakunciphisa enye ingeniso. Ukuba akunjalo, ilahleko ziqhubela phambili.
| - Cinga ukwandisa imali yakho engenayo ukuze usebenzise ilahleko zakho zokulahleka.
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Ukulahleka kokuSebenzayo
| - Ukuzivocavoca kuthwala / ukuqhubela phambili iindlela zokunciphisa ingeniso kwiminye iminyaka.
| - Ukwandisa ingeniso ukufumana ilahleko. Oku kwenza ukuba irhafu engaphezulu yerhafu ingenakufikelela kwinqanaba lokulahleka.
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Ezi ngcebiso zinokukunceda ukuphatha iindleko ekupheleni konyaka:
| Uhlobo lweendleko | Ukunyuswa kwamaxabiso | Ukuchithwa kweeNdleko |
| Ukuchithwa kweempawu | - Mbonise ukuba unako okanye ufanele uwenze kulo nyaka kunye / okanye umnyaka ozayo ngokuthelekisa ubunani beemali ezichithwe ngokukhawuleza kwizinga lakho lokufakela. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba uMthetho wokuThuthwa kweRhafu kunye neMisebenzi ukulindeleke ukuphinda kabini ukuchithwa okuqhelekileyo ukuya kwii-12,000 zamawaka kwiifayile ezingatshatanga kunye ne-$ 24,000 kulabo abatshabileyo kunye nefayile ngokudibeneyo.
| - Ukuba kunengqiqo ukuba ibe ngumnyaka ozayo kunalo nyaka, zichonge iindleko ezinokuthunyelwa ku-2018.
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Uncedo lwezoNyango, wamazinyo, kunye nezoMpilo
| - Iindleko zonyango, amazinyo kunye nezonyango ezingaphezu kwama-10 e-AGI yakho zihlawulwa irhafu ngowama-2017, nangona umthetho omtsha werhafu unciphisa oku ukuya kuma-7.5 ekhulwini ngo-2018 kwaye unokuhlaziywa ngokutsha ukuvala i-2017.
- Ukuba usondele kodwa ungaphantsi kwe-10% ye-AGI umgca, cinga ukuhlawula iindleko zonyango ezongezelelweyo ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka ukwenzela ukuba uchithe imali yakho. Ngale ndlela, ubuncinane uzakufumana ukuncitshiswa kunokuba ungabikho.
- Ukuba ungaphezu komda, imali eyongezelelweyo yonyango iya kutsalwa.
| - Ukuba unayo iindleko zonyango ezibalulekileyo ngo-2017, jonga ukuba unokuhlawula iibhilikhwe zakho zonyango kunyaka ozayo, ingakumbi ukuba umthetho omtsha weerhafu uhamba kwaye awunakwenziwa kwakhona. Ngokusebenzisa "i-bunching" iindleko zakho zonyango unyaka omnye, unokukwazi ukufikelela ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-7.5 okanye iipesenti ezi-10.
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| Irhafu ihlawuliswa irhafu | - Bhatala irhafu yakho irhafu eqikelelweyo ekupheleni konyaka ukuza kubathatha kulo nyaka. Oku kusebenza kuphela ukuba ukhona okanye uza kukwazi ukwenza kwaye awukho phantsi kwerhafu encinci yerhafu. Kwaye kulindeleke ukuba umthetho omtsha uthintele lekhefu lekhefu.
- Gcina ukuhlawula uqikelelo lwelizwe lwe-Q4 kude kube nguJanuwari ukuba kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukubakhupha kwi-2018 yakho yokubuya, okanye ukuba ube kwicala elikhuselekileyo ukuze ubone apho umthetho omtsha uhamba khona nale.
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| Yentlawulo yerhafu | - Ukuhlawula isibonelelo sakho serhafu esilandelayo ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka ukuwukhupha kulo nyaka. Oku kusebenza kuphela ukuba ukhona okanye uza kukwazi ukuyenza kwaye awukho phantsi kwe-AMT.
| - Bhatala irhafu yakho elandelayo yerhafu kwi-2018 ukuyikhupha ngo-2018.
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| Utyando | - Nikela ngemali ngo-Disemba 31 ukutsala umnikelo kulo nyaka.
- Nika iimpahla ezingekho kwemali ezifana neengubo, ifenitshala okanye izithuthi ngo-Disemba 31 ukufumana ukuncitshiswa kulo nyaka.
- Cinga nge-Donor Advised Fund ukuba ufuna ukunikela kodwa awuqinisekanga ukuba yiyiphi inceba onokuthanda ukuyixhasa.
- Iminikelo engaphantsi kwexesha ukuza kunyaka ozayo ukuba ukuhluthwa kuvelise imali enkulu yokulondoloza intela ngo-2018.
| - Khetha ulungelelunye unyaka ukwenzela ukuba uthando luvelise ukonga imali yerhafu.
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Nazi izinto ezimbalwa malunga nokugcina imali ekupheleni konyaka:
| 401 (k) okanye 403 (b) IziCwangciso zomhlala-phantsi | - Iminikelo yeminikelo yomqeshwa ka-2017 kufuneka yenziwe ngo-Disemba 31 okanye ikhutshwe kwi-payckck yakho yokugqibela yonyaka.
- Qinisekisa ukuba ufuna ukubeka bucala kwi-paycheck nganye ukwenzela ukuba ulungele ukuhamba ngoJanuwari ngeminikelo ye-2018.
- Qinisekisa ukuba ungakanani ulwabiwo lwe-pretax yendabuko kunye / okanye emva kwerhafu ingxelo ka-2018.
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| IRA yeNdabuko | - Iminikelo yonyaka werhafu ka-2016 ibangelwa ngo-Apreli 17, 2018, ngoko ukucima i-IRA yakho inokulinda kude kube ngumnyaka ozayo xa kuyimfuneko.
- Qinisekisa ukuba kungakanani, ukuba kukho na, imirhumo yakho ye-IRA iya kuba yerhafu.
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Roth IRA
| - Imirhumo yonyaka werhafu 2017 ibangelwa ngo-Apreli 18, 2018.
- Qinisekisa ukuba kungakanani, ukuba kukho na, unelungelo lokufaka isandla kwiRoth IRA.
- Cinga ngemali kwiRoth IRA kwaye uthathe iNkcazo yeSaver ukuba uvumelekile.
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