I-Pazy Portfolio Inkcazo, isakhiwo kunye nomzekelo
Ngoko uvila yinto entle xa kuziwa kutyalo-mali! Iipofofoliyo ezintle zetekisi zikwazi ukufumana ukubuyisela ngaphezu kwe-average ukubuyisela ngelixa zithatha ingozi engaphantsi kwe-average ngenxa yezinye izinto eziphambili ezi zinto zilula, "uyibeke kwaye uyibale" isicwangciso.
Nantsi indlela yokuqalisa ukuzakhela iphothifoliyo yakho ecebileyo:
Invest in Index Index
Utyalo- mali utyhalwa ngokubaluleka kokubaluleka: Ngenxa yokuba le mali kunye okanye i-Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) ayinakulawulwa ngenyameko , ubunzima babo bangela ukuba kusebenze kufana nokusebenza kwemarike ebanzi yesicatshulwa esinikeziwe, kunokuzama "ukubetha kwimarike. " Ngamazwi ahlukeneyo, abaphathi beengxowa-mali ziyakwazi nje ukuvalelwa ngumntu, kwaye ngoko ke iphutha lomntu, njengomtyalo-ntengiso. Ngako oko, abaqeqeshi bangenza izigqibo zokutshala imali ngokungena kwixesha lokuthengisa .
Ukuseka iSicwangciso soTyalo-mali (iSIP)
Iyiphi indlela engcono yokwenza uvila (kunye nobulumko) kunokuba wenze konke okuthengayo ngekamva ngokuthenga ngokuzenzekelayo?
Unokwenza oku ngokumisela into ebizwa ngokuba yiplani yokutshala imali, okanye i-SIP , kunye nenkampani yakho ekhethiweyo yenkxaso-mali okanye ishishini lokuthengisa. Awuyikususa kuphela kwimingcipheko yexesha leemarike kodwa usebenzise amaxabiso edoli-mali , okunciphisa intengo yesabelo sentyalo-mali ngokuthenga amasheya kwixabiso elingu-dollar ezichanekileyo kwaye ngokuthe ngileyo uthenge izabelo ezininzi xa amaxabiso aphantsi kwaye amanani angaphantsi xa amaxabiso aphezulu.
Sebenzisa i-No-Load Funds
Kufuneka kubekho-brainer ukusebenzisa i-money -load yeefowthifoli zakho ezilivila. Imali engekho mthwalo ayikho ixabiso lokuthengisa, elibizwa ngokuba yimithwalo, eyenzelwe ukuba ibe yintlawulo yokuthengisela i-stock brokers kunye nabanye abacebisi ngezezimali kwiinkonzo zabo. Xa uzenza izinto ngokwakho, oko kunokwenzeka ngokubanzi ngemali, akukho mfuneko yokuhlawula imali eyongeziweyo. Kwakhona, ukugcina iindleko eziphantsi kuza kunceda ukukhulisa iifotfoliyo zakho.
Ukwakha i-Portfolio elula ye-Mutual Funds
Isakhiwo esiqhelekileyo sithuba sexesha elide sisipotifoliyo esiyintloko kunye ne-satellites , esetyenziswe ngendlela ezwakala ngayo: Khetha "ingundoqo," njengenye yeengxelo ze-S & P 500 zeengxelo ezilungileyo kakhulu. Oku kuya kukwenza inxalenye enkulu yepottoliyo. Ezinye iimali kwiipotifoliyo ngamnye zenza iipesenti ezincinci. Ezi zezi "satellites." Injongo ephambili yale mveliso yoyilothifoliyo kukunciphisa umngcipheko ngokusebenzisa ulwahlulo (ukubeka amaqanda akho kwiibhasikiti ezahlukeneyo) ngelixa uphumelele (ukufumana imbuyiselo ephezulu kune-benchmarkmark) yokusebenza, njenge-S & P 500 Index. Isishwankathelo, iphothifoliyo yesiKhulu kunye neThala leSatellite liyakufumana ukufumana ukubuyisela ngaphezu kwe-average nge-average-risk risk for investor.
Ukuhluleka kwePortfolio yakho
Ukulungelelanisa kwakhona iipotifoliyo yeemali ezixhamlileyo nje yinto yokubuyisela ukwabiwa kwakho kwangoku kwintlawulo-mali yokuqala .
Ngoko ke ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kuya kufuna ukuthenga kunye / okanye ukuthengisa izabelo zabanye okanye zonke iimali zakho zobudlelwane ukuze uhlawule ipesenteji zokwabiwa kwakhona. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba iphothifoliyo yakho enobuvila iqukethe iimali ezi-4 ezizimeleyo, ezabiwe kwi-25% nganye, uza kufaka ukuthenga okufanelekileyo kwaye uthengise amashishini ukuze ubuyele kulezi zibonelelo ngokulungelelaniswa, ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngamazwi ahlukeneyo, ukulungelelanisa kwakhona kubalulekile kwimiba yesondlo yokwakha iphothifoliyo yeemali eziphathekayo, njengokuba utshintsho lweoli okanye ukulungelelanisa kukugcinwa kolondolozo lwenqwelo yakho. Kwezinye iimeko, unokwazi ukuseta "ngokuzenzekelayo" kwakhona. Ngayiphi indlela, kufuneka wenze oku kanye ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokhu akuyimfuneko ngokwenene. Mane ukhethe usuku, olufana nosuku lwakho lokuzalwa okanye Usuku lomNyaka omtsha okanye into ekhunjulwayo kwaye uhlawule kwakhona!
Sebenzisa Omnye weeMpawu eziPhambili zePortfolio
Isibonelo esithandwayo sephothifothifoliyo siyi- posifoliyo yeengxowa-mali ezilwanyana ezintathu kunye neengxowa zeVanguard . Kukho indlela engaphezu kweyodwa yokwabiwa kweemali ezintathu kodwa nenye indlela yokwenza:
40% I-Vanguard Iyonke Imali ye-Stock Market Index
30% I-Vanguard Iyonke ye-International Stock Index Index
30% I-Vanguard Iyonke ye-Bond Market Index Index
Kulo mzekelo, umtyalomali angasebenzisa inkampani eyodwa ye-fund, i- Vanguard Investments , eneenkcukacha ezikhethiweyo ze-index index, ngelixa isebenzisa iimali ezibonelela ngokubanzi ngokubanzi kwiimali zentengiso ezahlukeneyo (i-cap-cap, i-cap-cap, cap), ukuchazwa kwehlabathi lonke (iimarike zase-US nakwamanye amazwe) kunye nokutyalwa kweemarike ezimanyeneyo.
Ikhefu yePortfolio Portfolio: Indlela yokuTyala nge-One Mutual Fund
Esikhundleni sokudala iphothifoliyo yakho ecebileyo, unokhetha iphothifoliyo yezona zinto zikhethileyo zonke-i -portfolio eyodwa-fund ! Unokusebenzisa i- fund efanelekileyo , okuqhelekileyo ibe nokunikezelwa okuthe ngqo kwaye kugxininiswe kwezitokisi, iibhondi kunye nemali. Ngokomzekelo, ezininzi iingxowa-mali ezinokulinganisela zinokuxuba okulinganayo kwama-60%, i-bond% ezingama-30 kunye ne-10% yemali. Abanye banobundlobongela okanye baninzi.
Enye inkxaso-mali enye kukusebenzisa i -fund-date fund , eyimali efaka imali ngomhla othile ngexesha. Ezi mali ziqhelekile kwi-401 (k) izicwangciso kwaye zingasetyenziselwa kwinkqubo ye-fund eyodwa. Ukuba utyalo-mali lomhlala-phantsi, unokuqwalasela enye yeengxowa-mali zokuthatha umhlala-phantsi weVanguard. Umzekelo, umntu oceba ukuhlala phantsi okanye kufuphi nonyaka wama-2030, angasebenzisa umhlala-phantsi we-Vanguard Target 2030 (VTHRX). Njengoko umgudu wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi usondela, umphathi wezezimali uza kuncipha kancane kancane ukunikezelwa kwesitokhwe kwaye ukwandise ubophelelo kunye nokwabiwa kwemali (ukusukela kwintlonelo ukuya ekumodareyithini ukuya kwi-conservative) ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umthengi uqaphele: Iimali ze-Target-Date yiyona nto "iphothifoliyo yeliviki" kodwa ayikho into efana nayo-yonke imali. Ngokomzekelo, umtyalo-mali okhuselekileyo akanako ukukhululeka ngokunikezelwa kwengxowa-mali ekujoliswe kuyo xa ulwabiwo lukhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokunyamezela . Ngako oko ungafuna ukwenza umsebenzi ophantsi wesikolo ngaphambi kokuba utyalomle ngokukhangela ulwabiwo lweefom ye-fund-date fund.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.