Xa i-ransomware ibetha ikhomputha okanye inethiwekhi, iyakhupha iifayile, ezingenakufikeleleka.
Ikhomputha iya kuzisa umsebenzisi ukuba ukuze asebenzise kwakhona ikhompyutha, kufuneka ahlawule intlawulelo yeckey key. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ntlawulo iceliwe kumabhinqa, njengoko ayinakulandelwa.
I-cyberattack iqala ngokukhawuleza xa umntu ekhwela ekunqakrazeni ikhonkco kwi-imeyile, ekhuphela i-malware kwikhompyutha . Hackers banamakhono kakhulu ekufumaneni abahlwempu ukuchofoza kwezi zixhumanisi, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, amaxhoba akaqondi nokuba benza into engalunganga. Le nxu e-imeyile ingathatha ifom yebhanki yakho, inkampani oqhuba ibhizinisi rhoqo, okanye umntu owaziyo.
Ezi ntsebenziswano zikhangeleka zingenasici, kodwa zinobungozi kakhulu, njengalezi zixhobo zokugqibela zokusongela kwee-cycanger nazo zingozi. Enyanisweni, uMeyi wokugqibela, ukuhlaselwa kwe-ransomware kwakumxholo omkhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba iMicrosoft yade yakha ikhathalogi yabasebenzisi bayo kwi-Windows XP, into engayenzanga kwiminyaka emininzi ngenxa yokuba i-OS isiphelile.
Inxalenye enye ye-malware ingabangela njani intloko?
Ukuqonda le Malware ekhethekileyo
Ukuze ufumane impendulo yaloo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yi-WannaCry malware. Le nxalenye ethile ye-malware inekhono lokukhangela, kwaye i-encrypt, i-176 iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeefayile.
Emva koko ucela i-$ 300 bitcoin inhlawulo. Ukuba awuhlawulanga loo $ 300, umyalezo wenkolelo uthi intlawulo iya kuphinda iphindwe kabini kwiintsuku ezintathu. Ukuba, emva kweentsuku ezisixhenxe, intlawulo yentlawulelo ayenziwanga, ifayile iyasuswa.
Ngaba Ufanele Uhlawule Intlawulelo?
Enye ye mibuzo eqhelekileyo abantu xa beba lixhoba lokuhlaselwa kwe-malware kukuba ngaba kufuneka bahlawule intlawulelo okanye ukuba kukho indlela yokucima iifayile. Ngethamsanqa, ukuchithwa kwezi fayile kunokwenzeka (khangela oku kukhonkco apha: "wannacry decryptor"). Kwaye abaphandi basebenzayo kubasebenzi abatsha. Kungcono ukwenza ugcino lweefayile zakho kwangaphambili, oko kuthetha ukuba unokuzibuyisela. Kukulungele ukuhlawula intlawulelo xa kunokwenzeka.
Kukho iimeko apho iifayile zinokufumana kwakhona nangona ungenayo i-backup, kodwa iifayile ezigcinwe kwikhompyutha ekhutshweyo, kwiDesktophu, okanye kwiMibhalo Yami ayitholakali. Ezi zi no kuhlaziywa ziyakwazi ukufumana kwakhona ithuluzi lokungabikho.
Njani iRansomware ifuthe i-US?
Emuva ngoMeyi, le malware echaphazelekayo yathintela i-UK, kwaye yenza indlela eya e-US, nayo. Nangona kunjalo, umphandi waseBrithani, ohamba ngegama elithi "MalwareTech," wakwazi ukumisa okwesikhashana ngelixa eholide. Oku kunjalo, kuyinkathazo njengoko kubonisa ukuba ishishini lokhuseleko lolwazi lwehlabathi linyamalale, kwaye ukuthembela komntu oyedwa akunakwanele.
I-MalwareTech yaqaphela ukuba igama le-domain ukuba i-malware ibhekiswe kuyo. Ukuba bekuya kusebenza, inkqubo ye-malware yayiyakholelwa ukuba yayiyinto enobungqina obubuxoki ekubeni ikhowudi yayo ichithekile. Ukumisa oku, iWannaCrypt yenzelwe i-malware ukuba ivalwe phantsi. Ngoko oko kuthetha ntoni ngamanqanaba ethu okulungelelaniswa kwe-cyber emhlabeni?
Okokuqala, oku kubonisa ukuba ishishini lethu lokhuseleko lenkcazelo lijongana nama-cyberattacks njengamaxesha amaninzi kwithuba loshishino kunokuba yindlela yokusebenza kunye ukuphelisa nayiphi na isongelo. Nangona ngokuqinisekileyo kusebenza ngaphandle apho abangenayo, njengeMalwareTech, iziganeko ezungeze isiganeko se-malware sase-UK zibonisa ukuba njengeshishini, kufuneka kubambisane ngokubanzi. Asikwazi ukubala kwi-coding enobudoda kwi-cyberattack elandelayo.
Okwesibini, kufuneka sijonge nokuba okanye iWannaCrypt yayiluvavanyo olulula lokulungela.
Kungenzeka ukuba ukulula ukuyeka ukuhlaselwa kwakungeyona isenzo sobuvila konke, kodwa sisenzo sokuba sibone ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuvala inkqubo.
Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba abo baqulunqe le malware benza oko ukuze baqokelele ingqondo apho iinkqubo zinokuchaphazeleka yi-malware, njengeenkqubo ze-Windows XP. Khumbula, le nkqubo yokusebenza ayisayixhaswa yiMicrosoft.
Kukho kwakhona ukuba i-WannaCrypt ihlose ukubonisa ukuba ukhathaza ikhathalogu yoorhulumente kwisofthiwe ayisebenzisayo, kodwa ungabelana ngalolo lwazi ngabaphuhlisi. Oku kungabonisa oko kwenzekayo ukuba ezi zibuthathaka zisetyenziswe ngabantu abangalunganga.
I-WannaCrypt sele ivelise ingxoxo eninzi malunga ne-cyberattacks. Ukufakwa kwabangabuyiselwa kwizicelo okanye i-OS enikwe igunya likarhulumente kuyingozi kakhulu, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo iphosakele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sifunde nantoni kulo lonyulo luka-2016, kukuba ngoku sihlala kwihlabathi apho sifuna khona amandla okukhusela nokukhusela.
Asinakukhanyela ukuba kufuneka silindele ezinye kwiipropthi ze-software ezifana neMicrosoft. Siphila kwixesha apho idatha enkulu inkosi, kwaye isofthiwe ilandelwa. Ngesiphene sokwenza iprogram, ingayimisa ngokwenene ihlabathi ezinyaweni zayo.
Xa sineenkqubo ezibalulekileyo ezithembele kwi-software esemngciphekweni, inkolelo enengqiqo yokuba abaphuhlisi beekhompyutha baza kwazisa abo basengozini. Bamele bafumane ngokukhawuleza isiqalo sokukhishwa. Iimeyili kunye nezaziso ezininzi ezaneleyo azaneleyo kuba abathengi abaninzi abaqapheli ukuba banesistim esichengeni, kwaye abafumani inkxaso.
Kwiminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ukususela emva kweMicrosoft eyeke ukuxhasa inkqubo yayo yokusebenza yeWindows XP, kodwa imibutho kwihlabathi lonke isayisebenzisa, oko kuthetha ukuba amaqela emva kweWannaCrypt aya kujongela.
Ukuba asiyi kuqalisa ukusebenza ngakumbi kwiindlela zethu zokulwa nale ntsongelo, kwaye ukuba siqhubeka sisebenzisa isofthiwe engakhuselekanga, akufanele simangaliswe xa ezi zingcipheko zingena. Ezi zingongelo zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu, zombini kunye nangokwenyama ... kwaye ngexesha elizayo, asinokuba nalo hlobo lwenhlanhla.
Ngubani ochaphazelekayo ngulo?
Nabani na umntu osebenzisa iikhompyutheni yeWindows unokungena kwi-WannaCry cyberattack. Iinkampani zisengozini ngenxa yokuba zixhunyiwe kumanethiwekhi, kwaye oku kubonakala kukulungele kubasebenzisi be-cybercriminals. Nangona kunjalo, hlala uqaphele, kuba abantu basengozini.
Ngaba i-WannaCry Attack ijoliswe?
Okwangoku, asikholelwa ukuba umsebenzi weWannaCry inxalenye yoluphi uhlaselo olujoliswe kuyo.
Kutheni iWannaCry ibangela iingxaki ezininzi kangaka?
I-WannaCry ibangela imiba eninzi ngenxa yokuba inako ukuzisasaza kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisana komsebenzisi. Ixhaphaza ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kwiinkqubo zeWindows, ngoko nayiphi na ikhompyutha engazange ihlaziywe kwi-Windows Update update patch yangoku ikhuselekileyo.
I-WannaCry isasazeka njani?
I-WannaCry inokusasazeka ngethungelwano ngokuxhatshazwa kwayo, kodwa akusiyo indlela okokuqala ichaphazela inethiwekhi. Indlela ikhompyutha yokuqala kuyo nayiphi na intlangano ifuthelwa nguWannaCry ayiyazi. Omnye uphando uthi "isasazeka ngokusebenza okuzingela phantsi abantu abasemngciphekweni abajongene neengingqi ze-SMB baze basebenzise ukuxhatshazwa kwe-NSA-e-EternalBlue echaphazelekayo ukuze bafikelele kwinethiwekhi" Kuye kubekho iimeko ezimbalwa ze-WannaCry ezitholwe zigcinwe kwiziko iiwebhusayithi ezinobungozi, kodwa ikholelwa ukuba ezi zihambelana nokuhlaselwa kwe-WannaCry yasekuqaleni. Kunoko, ziyikopikiti.
Ihlawulelo lisebenza njani ngeWannaCry?
Njengoko uyazi, abahlaseli badibanisa neWannaCry bacele ukuba intlawulelo ihlawulwe ngokusebenzisa i-Bitcoins. Enyanisweni, iWannaCry ivelise idilesi ekhethekileyo ye-bitcoin nganye kwikompyutha leyo ifayile ifuthe. Nangona kunjalo, kwafumanisa ukuba kukho ikhowudi kwikhowudi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ingaqhubeki ngendlela efanele. Oku kubangela ukuba iWannaCry idibanise kwiintetho ezintathu zeBitcoin zeentlawulo. Oku kunzima, nangona kunjalo, kuba abahlaseli abakwaziyo ukuchonga ngokufanelekileyo ixhoba eliye lahlawula kwaye elingenalo, oku kuthetha ukuba amaxhoba, nokuba ngaba ahlawule, afuneke afumane iifayile zazo.
Abahlaseli be-WannaCry baqaphela konke oku, baza bakhupha enye inguqu yeprogram enobungozi ebenzileyo, kodwa ayizange iphumelele njenge-cyberattack yasekuqaleni.
Okona kunje, ngo-Meyi 18, iikhomputha ezitheleleke kule malware zibonise omnye umyalezo, owaxelela amaxhoba ukuba iifayile zazo ziya kuchithwa kuphela ukuba ihlawulelo liyahlawulwa.
Yintoni ongayenzayo xa usulelekile
Nazi ezinye iindlela omele uzithathe xa ikhompyutha yakho isulelekile:
- Bika umzekelo kumapolisa. Nangona kungenzeka ukuba akunakunceda, kuhlale kulungele ukuyirekhoda.
- Nqamula ikhompyutha kwi-intanethi. Oku kunceda ukukhusela intsholongwane ye-cyber ukusasazeka kwamanye amanethiwekhi.
- Susa i-ransomware kwikhompyutha. Khawukhumbule nje, ukususa i-ransomware akuyi kukunika iifayile zakho, njengoko zifakwe kwi-encrypted.
- Ukuba unayo yokugcinwa kwedatha (kufuneka), akukho sizathu sokuba kuya kufuneka uhlawule intlawulelo. Ufuna ukususa i-ransomware, nokuba ngaba unesiphelo.
- Kuthekani ukuba unayo iifayile ezibalulekileyo ozifunayo ngokupheleleyo ezingenakunyuswa? Qala ukulondoloza i-bitcoins yakho. Khangela le ndawo malunga nendlela yokwenza iintlawulo usebenzisa le ndlela.
- Khumbula. Abantu ababi abayi kuba nzima ukulandelela, kwaye kuya kufuneka wenze iintlawulo kwi-network yeTol, ebonisa ukukhangela i-browsing engaziwa.
- Ekugqibeleni, nangona i-gamble, akufanele ukothuke xa uhlawula kwaye ngokwenene ufumana ukhiye wokumisa. Uninzi lwama-cyber luza kulandela kwaye lunike ikhowudi kuba lufuna ukuthathwa ngokungathí sina. Ukuba kulwazi oluqhelekileyo ukuba awufumani ikhowudi, yintoni inqaku lokuhlawula?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenzayo kukukhusela i-cyberattack kwindawo yokuqala. Oku kuthetha ukuba ufanele ukhangele zonke izikhombisi ezinokuthi uhlalutyo lwe-phishing okanye ukuhlaselwa kwe-malware. Ungavumeli i-imeyli engongelayo ukuba ikunyusele ekunqakrazeni ikhonkco elibi. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukubuyisela yonke idatha yakho kwi-intanethi nakwi-drive yangaphandle. Ngaloo ndlela, nangona ungexhoba lokuhlaselwa kwe-malware, awuyi kuhlawula intlawulelo.