Kwisinye sezithili zethu zedolophu, isahluko 13 sisiphathamandla sihlala kwiintlanganiso zabathengi ngolunye usuku ngeveki. Bonke ababolekisi abafake ngexesha elithile balungiselelwe ixesha elo. Ngaphambi kokuba abatyala badibane negosa lokuphulaphula, bahlangana ndawonye kwigumbi elikhulu lokufundela. Umphathiswa uyawamkela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ladies and Gentlemen: Nceda ujonge ngakwesokudla sakho. Ngoku, jonga ngakwesokhohlo sakho. Ngomnye wenu uza kuzalisa iCape 13 yakho. Ngaba ngaba wena okanye omnye wabamelwane bakho?
Ukunyaniseka kukuba iimeko zeSahluko 13 zifuna iinjongo ezininzi zokuqhuba iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuzikhethela ngokuzithandela.
Iimvakalelo, Ubunzima, kunye neNtshukumo
Isahluko 13 sinzima. Akukho nto inokuqiniseka ngayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iintlungu ndizithabathele ukuba zichazele kubaxhasi bam ukuba ziphikisana nazo, akuzange kubonakale zingena.
Inkqubo yokubongoza kwangaphambi kweengxoxo mhlawumbi iyonaxesha elixakekayo lokukhathaza ubomi bomxhasi . Abaxhasi bazibuza:
- Ngaba esi Sahluko 13 siya kusindisa indlu yam (okanye imoto okanye ukungcola)?
- Ngaba ndinako ukuhlawula iintlawulo?
- Kutheni kufuneka ndiqokelele yonke le ngcaciso?
- Ngaba inkundla iya kuvuma icebo lam?
- Ngaba ndiyenza into efanelekileyo?
- Kuthiwani ukuba (umphathi wam, abamelwane bam, i-PTA) ufumanisa?
Ngenxa yokuba iimvakalelo zikhwele phezulu, ndikulindela ukuba abathengi bave ngo-50% wento endibaxelela yona; kwaye oko, baqonda kuphela malunga ne-50%. Ndiyazi njani oku? Ikhutshwa ngamanani amaxesha umthengi undibuza, "Ndenza njani iSahluko 13 sokuhlawula?" Oku, nangona sinikeza imiyalelo enenkcazo kwifomu esisinika umxhasi kunye ne-imeyile sithumela umthengi ngolwazi lokufakela.
Siva loo mbuzo kunye nabanye abaninzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, nangona sixoxa ngale miba ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo nakweefom ezahlukeneyo ukususela ekuqaleni kwintlanganiso yabathengi nangaphezulu.
Isahluko 13 akulula ukufunda kwaye akulula ukwenza. Zininzi izinto ezenzeka ngendlela ebenokuthi idibanise ityala.
Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, iimeko zifakwe nangona siyazi ukuba abayi kuze bafikelele. Nasi isizathu:
Azikho izixhobo ezifumanekayo zokuqalisa
Uninzi lweSahluko 13 lubekwa ukuyeka ukucima okanye esinye isiganeko esingathandekiyo sokuhlaziywa kwemoto okanye isilingo kumgwebo phezu kwetyala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abathengi abafiki kuthi kude kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela xa bengenakukhetha. Ngelishwa, asinaso ixesha elininzi njengoko singathanda ukunika iimali zabaxhasi ukuhlaziywa ngokucokisekileyo phambi kokuba ityala lifakwe. Oku kufuneka silinde kude kube yimva xa siqokelela lonke ulwazi olufunekayo kwiishedyuli ze- bankruptcy . Ngamanye amaxesha, akude sifikelele kwiinkcukacha ngeengeniso kunye neendleko esizibonayo ukuba abathengi abakwaziyo ukugcina indlu okanye imoto yemodeli kamva. Oku kwakungeyona nto iyinyaniso kunokuba ngabaxhasi abanjwe kwiinkathazo zezindlu, ukuqala malunga no-2008. Abaninzi baye bavunyelwa ukuba bangenise imali yokuthenga imali, iirhafu eziguquguqukayo kunye neentlawulo ezityhila yonke ingeniso yazo. Nangona kunjalo, bekunzima ukuba baqhubeke phambili. "Emva koko konke," bathi, "i-bhanki yamkele mna, kufuneka ndikwazi ukwenza le ntlawulo." Ndifuna nje ixesha lokufumana. "
Ukuphazamiseka kwiNkukuma yeNgeniso
Naluphina ukuphazamiseka ekuphumeni komvuzo, njengokugula okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi kuya kunzima ukugcina okanye ukubuyela kumzila. Abantwana bazalwa okanye iimfuno zabo zitshintsha (ungahamba ukusuka ekukhulelweni ukuya esikolweni kwiminyaka emihlanu). Imitshato iqala kwaye iphelile. Kunzima ukuhamba iminyaka emihlanu ngaphandle kwekhredithi, ukulungiswa kweemoto ezinkulu, ukutshintshwa kweso sixhobo, ukunqunyulwa kwe-inshorensi, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza okanye ikhefu. Zininzi zezi zinto zingakhiwa kwisabelomali seSahluko 13, kodwa akukho ndawo yokugcina imali. Ababolekisi abayithandi xa ubamba imali onokuyihlawula yona.
Njenge-subset, kufuneka ndidibanise ukuba i-flavour of client inekhathala kwaye ifuna ukuphuma. Kwakhona, lo msebenzi wexesha kuninzi nayiphi na into. Iminyaka emihlanu yokulwa nokulwa okulungileyo kukuxhalabisa.
Abathengi abaninzi banquma ukuba akufanelekanga, ngakumbi ukuba bafaka iSahluko 13 ukugcina i-asethi njengendlu.
Ukufakela ngaphandle kweGqwetha
NgokweHhovisi loLawulo lweeNkundla zase-US, malunga neepesenti ezithoba (9%) zamatyala e-bankruptcy zifakwe ngababoleki benkokhelo (ithetha ngokwabo, ngaphandle kommeli uncedo.) Jonga i-Pro ye-Bankruptcy Filings Yanda ngokukhawuleza kunomnye uNgxowa-mali.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba uphumelele kwimeko yeSahluko 7 ngaphandle kommeli-kunokwenzeka kodwa akunakucetyiswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, andikaze ndive nge mpu melelo
kwimeko 13. Abaninzi abagqithanga ngaphaya kwesi sicwangciso sokuqinisekisa. Izicwangciso zeSahluko 13 zixhomekeke kwimigqaliselo enjalo njenge-" Intshisekelo Eninzi Yabavikeli Baboxhasi ," kunye ne "Uvavanyo Lobukhokelo" kunye " nokukwazi ukukwazi ." Amagqwetha amagosa afanelekileyo aphelileyo, ama-trasti kunye nabagwebi baphikisana nale miqathango yonke ixesha. Yingakho sineenkundla. Ukuba u- pro se layman wenza udlule isigaba sokuqinisekisa, kufuneka ndicinge ukuba yintlanzi nje. (Akukho senzo esicwangcisiweyo).
Oku kuboniswe kuphando olutshanje olwenziwa yiNkundla yeBhanki yeCentral District yaseCalifornia. ISithili esiPhakathi sinomdla othile kulo mbandela kuba unamacandelo angaphezulu kweefayile kunokuba nayiphi na isithili kwelizwe. Uphando lwango-2011 lufumene ukuba malunga nama-60.9% e -se seSahluko se- 7 sahlula ukukhutshwa (xa kuthelekiswa nama-94.5% abo abelwe ngummeli), kodwa ngaphantsi kwesigamu sesinye sepesenti (xa kuthelekiswa nama-55% abo abamele igqwetha ) sepro seSahluko 13 ziqinisekiswe ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ukuthenga ixesha kuphela
Kukho konke ukunyaniseka, mhlawumbi eli nqaku kufuneka libizwe ngokuthi, "Kutheni iinzi ezininzi zeSahluko 13 zixoshwa?" Ngenxa yokuba kukho izizathu ezifanelekileyo zokushiya iSahluko 13 phambi kokuba iintlawulo zizaliswe.
Ifayile yeSahluko 13 yeetyala ngenani na izizathu. Uninzi lwefayile Isahluko 13 ukuze usebenzise inzuzo ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kweyinjongo yokugqiba ityala. Ndifake iimeko zokulibaziseka ukuvalwa kwexesha, ukunika umthengi ithuba lokuthengisa ipropati, ukunciphisa umgwebo kunye nokuxoxisana nokuhlawula, ukusabalalisa iigqwetha zemali ngecebo lokucwangcisa xa umthengi engakwazi ukuyihlawula ngaphambili, ukuze athole ukukhuselwa kwenkundla yebhanki xa umboleki efumene iSahluko 7 ukukhutshwa iminyaka embalwa ngaphambili, ukulawula iimali-mboleko zabafundi. Akunabo bonke abanetyala kulawo matyala kuya kuba ngenzuzo kwiSahluko 13 sokukhutshwa. Into ababeyifunayo yayiyixesha, kwaye ukufaka iSahluko 13 sinikezele.
Ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi ngobomi ngexesha leSahluko 13, jonga
Ukuphila kunye neSahluko 13, Icandelo 1
Ukuphila kunye neSahluko 13, Icandelo 2
Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 2017 nguCarron Armstrong