Xa ukhetha ukufakela ityala le-bankruptcy, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lwebhanki olufakela phantsi, kuya kubakho esinye seziphumo ezimbini: ukukhutshwa okanye ukuxothwa.
Uninzi lwabantu abafake i-case of bankruptcy banomnye umgomo engqondweni: bahlobo oluthile lokuxinzezeleka kwezezimali kwaye bafuna ukunciphisa olo xinzelelo ngokukhupha amatyala abo. Xa amatyala ekhutshwa, i-filer, ebizwa ngokuthi "umboleki" kwimeko yecala lokubhankqalaza, ayinayo nayiphi na ityala lomntu kwityala. *
Isahluko ngasinye sekhowudi ye-bankruptcy ineemithetho yayo yokufumana ukukhutshwa. Ngokomzekelo, kwiSahluko 7 ukuchithwa ngqo , umboleki kufuneka afake iishedyuli ezipheleleyo kunye nechanileyo, ukuya kwintlanganiso ye-Section 341 yabathengi, ukuya kwikhosi yolawulo lwezemali, inzuzo engenayo imali kunye nokunye kunye nentsebenziswano kunye ne-litany ezinye izinto. Kwimeko yecandelo lokuhlawula isahluko 13, ababoleki banamalungelo amaninzi ngokubanzi malunga nendawo yokuhlawula nganye inyanga, zingaphi iinyanga isicwangciso siza kuhlala, ziphi na iitalato ezifuneka zihlawulwe ngesicwangciso.
Emva kokuba zonke ezo mfuno zidibene, inkundla iya kufaka umyalelo wokukhupha amatyala atyala.
Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umntu onetyala unako ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke ezo mfuno? Yintoni eyenzekayo ekukhutsheni? Impendulo elula ukukhutshwa akungeniswa yinkundla. Esikhundleni saloo nto ityala kwaye ivalwe.
Kodwa ingabe yonke into ibuyele ngendlela eya phambili ngaphambi kokuba ityala lifakwe?
Ezinye izinto zenza kwaye ezinye izinto azenzi. Masihlole ukuba ncinane.
* Ityala alizange liphele ngokupheleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umbolekisi wanika umbolekisi unomdla wokubambisa, umbolekisi uya kuba nelungelo lokuhamba emva kokubambisa ukuba anelise ityala. Ngokufanayo, ukuba kukho umntu obolekisayo omnye kwi-matyala, kunye nefayili eyodwa kuphela, umbolekisi uya kuba nelungelo lokujonga kumntu ongenamatyala ukuze anelise ityala. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ikhefu xa kukho iSahluko 13 kunye nefayile ebolekileyo kwimeko yepropati yoluntu
Ukuqalisa Imisebenzi yokuqokelela kunye neeNkcazo zokuLinganiswa
Ngokona nxalenye enkulu, umphumo wokukhutshwa kubanjwe ukuba ityala alizange lifakwe. Ababolekisi bangabuyela ekuqokeleleleni amatyala, ukuqalise iinkqubo zokungcebeleka okanye ukuhlaziywa, ukuqhubeka nokugwetywa.
Ukuba umfaki-zimali unqamle ukuchithwa kwempahla, umnini-mboleko akafumani ukuba athathe ngokukhawuleza apho eyeke khona, ngokuqhelekileyo ethengisa ipropati kumanyathelo enkundla. Kuya kufuneka uqale inkqubo kwakhona.
Abanye ababolekisi banokuyithatha apho bayeke khona. Umbolekisi wemoto unokufaka i-call for restossion. Umboleki-mboleko angaqhubeka nokugwetywa okwethutyana ngelixa u-bankruptcy uqhubeka.
Ezinye izinto zichaphazelekayo ngokunjalo, ngokukodwa ukuchitha ixesha. Ngenxa yokuhlala ngokuzenzekelayo, eqala ukusebenza xa ityala lifakwe, livimbela abathengi ukuba bangathathi inyathelo ukuqokelela amatyala abo ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokutshatyalaliswa kwemali, iifom ezinjengeemimiselo zokunciphisa ziyacinywa. Ngamanye amagama, ixesha lokuchithwa kwebhilidi livulekile kwaye ukuhlala ngokuzenzekelayo kusebenze ngeke kubalwe kumntu-mboleki ngenjongo yokuqwalasela ukuba umqathango wokusilela usebenze.
Oku kunokubakho ezinye iifihla zokugqibela, ngokufana nexesha elide lokuphendula umgwebo .
Indlela yokuLawula
Ukuhluleka ukufaka iphepha
Ukungaphumeleli ukufaka iifayile ezifanelekileyo kubangelwa ukuxothwa kwangaphambili. Kukho amaphepha amaninzi eeshedyuli kunye nezitatimende ezibeka umfanekiso wezezimali zetyala, kubandakanywa ingeniso, iindleko, amatyala, iimpahla kunye nokuthengwa kwemali kwangaphambili. Ukongeza, umboleki kufuneka kwakhona afake iintlawulo zerhafu kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo kunye nefayile yeentlawulo ngamnye ngonyaka ekhompyutheni (kwiSahluko 13 sefayile) kwaye unikezele i-stubs yokuhlawula. Ezinye iinkundla zebhanki zineemfuneko zamaphepha emaphepha ngaphezu kwezo zidweliswe kwikhowudi ye-bankruptcy.
Amaphepha angenziwa kwixesha apho ityala lifakwe, okanye lingafakwa kwiintsuku eziyi-14 emva kokuba ityala lifakwe. Kwiimeko ezizodwa, umhla wokugqibela ungadluliselwa ngaphaya kweentsuku eziyi-14. Ngoko, kunene isizathu esincinci sokuba ityala letyala lixoshwe kwimaphepha.
Kwaye kwenzeka njalo imihla.
Skippng kwiCandelo lama-341
Ababoleki bafuneka ukuba baye kwiintlanganiso zabathengi-mboleko , ebizwa ngokuba yintlanganiso yeCandelo 341, emva kweyesibili yekhowudi ye-bankruptcy eyalulawulayo. Nangona kuthiwa yintlanganiso yababolekisi, kwi-today bankruptcy practice practiceers are rarely attending. Inika ithuba lokuba umphathiswa acacise nantoni na kwiphepha lemboleki eliphakamisa umbuzo. Intlanganiso ibanjwe phantsi kwesifungo, kwaye umntu onetyala kufuneka athethe inyaniso. Umboleki kufuneka anikezele ukuchonga, ngokuqhelekileyo ikariti yokuchonga ekarhulumente enjengesilayisenisi yokuqhuba kunye nekhadi loKhuseleko lweNtlalo.
Ixesha nomhla wendibano ye-341 yabekwa yinkundla. Ukuba umntu onetyala akakwazi ukuhamba ngesizathu esithile, intlanganiso iza kuqhutyelwa kwenye idethi. Intlanganiso ingaba umngeni kulabo abagulayo, ngaphandle kwelizwe okanye abavalelwe kwaye abanako ukuya kumntu. IiNkundla ziye zatshintshela kule micimbi ngokusebenzisa intetho yefoni okanye yevidiyo xa kungenakwenzeka ukuba intlanganiso iqhutywe kude kubekho umboleki.
Ukulibala I-Course Management Financial Course
Emva kokuba ityala lifakwe, ngamnye umboleki kufuneka azalise ikhosi yokulawula imali phambi kokuba inkundla ingakhutshwa. Le khosi ifumaneka kumntu, ngefowuni okanye kwi-intanethi, kwaye inikwe ngababoneleli benani. Unokufumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa kwikhosi ekufuneka iCredit Debtor Education Requirement .
Ukuba umntu onetyala uhluleka ukuthatha ikhosi yolawulo lwemali, okanye ehluleka ukufakela isatifikethi sokugqitywa emva kokufakela ikhosi, ityala liya kukhutshwa ngaphandle kokuphuma kokukhutshwa. Emva koko, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba umntu onamatyala afake isikhalazo enkundleni ecela ukuba ityala livulwe kwakhona ngenjongo yokufaka isatifiketi nokungena komyalelo wokukhutshwa. Ngenxa yoko, inkundla ityala imali entsha yokufakela. Ukongezelela, igqwetha lomboleki liza kubakhokhela intlawulo, kwakhona. Kodwa ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso soqeqesho lwekhosi, ityala liya kukhishwa ngonaphakade ngaphandle kokukhutshwa kwaye ababolekisi bemboleki abayi kuvunyelwa ukuba bathathe amanyathelo ukuqokelela amatyala abo.
Ukuxothwa, kodwa ii-Assets Yiya kwiTrasti
Icandelo lama-7 liqulethwe ezimbini iindlela ezihlukeneyo. Iyokuqala ixhalabisa ukuba ngaba umboleki uza kukhishwa ityala. Ngenye indlela, i- trustee ilawula isakhiwo esinokuthengiswa ukuze sikwanelise ababolekisi. Ingaba kukho ipropati engathengiswa kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntu onetyala unempahla engeyiyo. Umboleki uvumelekile ukuba agcine inani elithile lepropati ukuba umphathiswa kunye nabathengi abakwazi ukuyithinta. Oku kuxolelwe impahla . Nantoni na enye ayinakhululwa. I-trustee inokuthatha impahla engeyiyo ikhutshwe, ihlawule (ithengise), kwaye isasaze ngemali kubathengi abanamabango asemthethweni.
Kungenzeka ukuba umphathiswa angathatha ilifa lempahla engenakho ukuxolelwa, kodwa ityala liyaxothwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingenanto ephathekayo kwiimpahla zetyala. Umboleki uya kulahlekelwa kwipropati kwaye angasenakufumana inzuzo yokukhutshwa. Izona zimbini ezimbi kunazo zonke.
Isahluko 13 Imiba yokuLahla
Iiplani Zentlawulo ezingenakwenzeka
Iziganeko zeSahluko 13 ziyinkimbinkimbi kuneziganeko zeSahluko 7. Bafuna ukuba icebo lokuhlawula lifakwe kwaye livunywe yinkundla. Ngaphambi kokuba ivunyiwe, umboleki kufuneka abonise ukuba zonke iitalato ezifunekayo ukuba zifakiwe zibonelelwe kwaye isicwangciso singenakwenzeka ngokuqwalasela ingeniso kunye neendleko zomntu onetyala. Ngokuqhelekileyo umboleki uza kufaka isicwangciso ngokuqikelela kwamabango ababolekisi, kwaye icebo liya kulungiswa emva kokuba ababolekisi bafake izicelo zamabango abo. Kuphela emva kokuba amabango afakwe ukuba umboleki uyazi ukuba kuya kufuneka ukuba abuyisele ntoni ngokuhlawula isicwangciso sakhe.
Ukuba isicwangciso singenakwenzeka, uqinisekiso luya kuvunywa. Ngaphandle kwesicwangciso esilungileyo, ityala liya kukhutshwa.
Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza iiNtlawulo
Kwimeko yeSahluko 13, umboleki kufuneka enze iintlawulo phantsi kwesicwangciso sokuhlawula umphathiswa ohambisa loo ntlawulo kumbolekisi abambe amabango afanelekileyo. Kodwa umboleki ufunwa ukuba agcine ngoku kwintlawulo yakhe yendlu, iintlawulo zepropati, irhafu yengeniso kunye neembopheleleko zokuxhasa ekhaya njenge- alimony kunye nenkxaso yabantwana . Ukuba umboleki akakwazi ukugcina nayiphi na iintlawulo ezikhoyo ngoku, inkundla iya kukhupha ityala ngeliphi na ixesha ngexesha lelo, ukukhutshwa.
Iimviwo zeSerial
Xa isigwebo seSahluko 13 sichithwa, akuqhelekanga ukuba umboleki aqale inkqubo kwakhona ngokufaka ifowuni entsha yeSahluko 13. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa umboleki enokuphazanyiswa kwingeniso kwaye akakwazi ukubanjwa kwiintlawulo ezifunekayo. Xa umboleki efakela ityala lesibini ngaphakathi kunyaka wokuxothwa kwimeko yokuqala, ukuhlala ngokuzenzekelayo kusebenza kuphela kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zokuqala. Ukuba umboleki ufuna ukuqhubeka ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba aqhubeke, kufuneka afake isikhalazo sokwandisa ukuhlala enkundleni edla ngokufuna ukuba umboleki anike ubungqina entlanganisweni ukuze achaze ukuba kutheni icala lokuqala lixothwe kwaye kutheni ityala lesibini liya kuphumelela.
Ukuba umboleki unamacala amabini alinde kunyaka ongaphambili, ukuhlala ngokuzenzekelayo akuyi kusebenza. Umboleki ofuna umphumo wokuhlala uya kufuneka acele inkundla ukuba imisele ukuhlala. Kwakhona, umboleki uya kufuneka anike ubungqina aze achaze enkundleni ukuba kutheni amacala amabini axoshwa kunyaka kwaye kutheni ilitsha elitsha liza kuphumelela.