Iintlobo ezikhethekileyo zeebhanki zokugcina, ezidla ngokuba zii-ward, zikhusela iziqinisekiso zabanye okanye iinkampani. Ezi zixhobo azibandakanyi kwi-british ye-yorhwebo okanye yorhwebo; bagxininise ekugcineni iimpahla ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze zigcinwe.
Oku kubandakanya i-stocks, iimpahla, izibophelelo, imali kunye nezitye ezixabisekileyo.
Ezi ntlobo zenkampani zikwaququzelela iintlobo ezithile zokuthengiselana, ezifana nokutshintshiselana kwamanye amazwe, ukulungiswa kweendawo zokuhlala zokhuseleko okanye ukuthengwa kwemali okanye ukuthengiswa, kunye nokulawula izenzo ezinxulumene neziqinisekiso, ezifana nokuhlukana kwempahla, iifowuni zebhondi, iintlawulo zentengo kunye nokuhlanganisana kwamashishini.
Uluhlu lobunini
Ukuba umntu ohlala eUnited States unamasheya, kodwa akayilo ilungu lokutshintshiselana kwamasheya, banabo abanobungqina bemali ngokubethelwa kwebhaliso ngokubandakanya ubuncinane omnye okanye ngamanye amaxesha. Inkqubo isebenza ngale ndlela kuba bekungeke kwenzeke ukubhalisa izabelo ezithengiswayo okanye ezinye izibambiso kwigama lomnini ngamnye. Kunoko, umgcini-mgcini ubhaliswe njengomnini wezokhuseleko, kwaye uyazigcina ekulungiselelweni kunye noxanduva lokunyanzela abaphathi. Umntu owathengile i-asset uhlale ephethe umnini.
Ukuchaza iMirhumo yeMali kunye neMali yokuKhusela
Imirhumo yokukhusela ingabhekisela kwelinye leemali ezihlawulisiweyo ezikuhlawulwe ngumgcini-mali omelekileyo njengesebe le-trust trust okanye umthengisi-ntengiso obhalisiweyo.
Imirhumo yoKhuselo
Xa utyalomali kwisitokethi , iibhondi , izabelo zokuthenga ze- fund , okanye ukuba ngumnikazi wokhuseleko, umthengisi owenzayo uyayifumana imali kwi-akhawunti aze ahlawule umntu okanye isikhungo owenza kuye ukufunyanwa.
Emva kokuba ufumana ukhuseleko, lugcina wena. Ngaphandle kokuba ucele isitifiketi esitokisini sokugcina impahla, esingafanekiyo kule mihla, okanye ukugxininisa ekusebenziseni inkqubo yokubhalisa ngqo ngokubanjelwa into efana nesicwangciso sokuthengwa kwezinto ezizithengiswayo, abatyali-mali bahlala bekhuseleko lwe-akhawunti yomhlaba wonke.
Umgcini ugcina i-asethi ekhuselekileyo, iqokelela igalelo lakho kunye nenzuzo yenzalo kuwe, ikunika ingxelo yesigxina yenyanga okanye nganye yekota, ilawula iinjongo zenkampani ezifana nokufumana izabelo zokuhlutha okanye ukwenza ukhetho lwemali okanye i-stock esekelwe kwimigaqo yakho. landela ukudibanisa. Kananjalo yenza neminye imisebenzi emininzi yokugcina indlu eya kuba yinto emangalisayo kwaye ngokukhawuleza ingaphumeleli ukuba ngaba abatyali-mali abaninzi kufuneka babhekane nemisebenzi ngokwabo.
Iimali zokuphepha
Eli gama liye lalingana kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona kunjalo kungekhona, libhekiselele kwinkonzo, ngokukodwa ngamasebe asebebhankini, ukuphatha ukugcinwa egameni lomthengi ofuna ukugcina izatifikethi zakhe zesitokethi esandleni sakhe ebhankini; ngokuqhelekileyo egameni lakhe kunegama lomgwaqo . Igama lesitrato ligama lebhanki, umthengisi okanye iqumrhu lokurhweba eligcina isitokethi okanye ezinye iziqinisekiso egameni lomnini.
Isebe lesigqeba sebhanki okanye umgcini-mali uya kunika isitifiketi sesitokisi kumthengisi ngaphambi komhla wokuhlawula, xa umtyalomali ebeke i-oda yokuthengisa, okanye ungeze izatifikethi ezongezelelweyo ezifunyenwe ukusuka kwi-spin-offs ukuya kwinqanaba, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umtyalomali wamkela inxaxheba yakhe enelungelo.
Xa ukhuseleko okanye i-asethi ifakwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, umtyalomali okanye umrhumeli unikezwa irisidi ebonisa ubunikazi. I-asethi ayinakuba yipropati yesikhungo, iphela nje ibambelele kuyo, ngoko ke ukuba iziko liye laphazamiseka, ababolekisi babo abanakuyilandela kwaye iziqinisekiso ziza kubuyiselwa kumnini wabo ofanelekileyo.
Zingakanani na ezi Zindleko Iindleko?
Inxalenye ekhohlakeleyo malunga neemali zokunyanzela kunye neentlawulo ezigcinwe ngokuqinisekileyo azikwazi ukuthelekiswa rhoqo kwiipulo-to-apples.
Zonke iinkampani ziyahluke kwaye ufumana izinto ezahlukeneyo kumaziko ahlukeneyo ngeendleko ezahlukeneyo.
Abanini-mali abaninzi bafaka ipahla zabo ekugcinweni kwe-broker yabo kwi- akhawunti ye-brokerage ; inketho efanelekileyo ephathwayo ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba abantu abaninzi abaqapheli ukuba imisebenzi ehlukile. Ngaphandle kokuba unyango oluthile luceliwe, ezi ziqinisekiso ziza kuba zihlala zigcinwe egameni lesitalato, nto leyo kwakhona, ithetha egameni lequmrhu le-brokerage.
Iifayile zokurhweba zenza oku kutsalela abatshali-mali abaninzi njengoko banokuzithemba ngokuvelisa inzuzo yekhomishina yorhwebo. Ngenxa yoko, amafemu amaninzi ayalahla imali yokugcinwa kweemali ngokupheleleyo kwaye awukwazi ukuba uya kubahlawula ngenxa yokuba zihanjiswe kwii-komishoni kwiimveliso zorhwebo.
Akuqhelekanga ukuba ezinye iifemu zihlawulise imali ephantsi, njengama-$ 100 ngonyaka ukuba unayo imali ethile kwi-akhawunti yakho; okanye awubandakanyeki kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi ebudeni bexesha elide ukukunceda ukukhupha iindleko zokuncedisa i-akhawunti.
Ezi zihlala zibi kwaye, eneneni, zinokuba zilungele. Ngokomzekelo, jonga kwi-platform-like like trading platform njenge-Interactive Brokers. Ukuba umthengi wenkampani unemali engama-100 000 kwi-akhawunti kwaye ivelise ngaphantsi kwe-$ 10 kwiimishini zorhweba ngenyanga, i-akhawunti yokuhlawula i-akhawunti nganye ikhokhela ubuncinane i-$ 120 ngonyaka, ejongene neendleko ze-Interactive Brokers, kuquka neendleko zokugcina.
Oku kuyimfuneko kuba i-Interactive Brokers igxile kwizinto ezinkulu, abathengi abacebileyo abafuna ukukhula koqoqosho. Abathengi bavunyelwe ukuba bakhethe phakathi kweshedyuli yokuhlawula umyinge wexabiso kunye nehedyuli yomrhumo. Kwimodeli emiselweyo, ngokumzekeliso, ikhomishoni yi-$ 0.0035 ngesabelo ngasinye kwiimpahla ze-US ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuthunyelwa kwee-0.5 zexabiso lezorhwebo.
Umzekelo
Ukuba uthenge amasheya angama-1,000 we-Hershey Inkampani ngomhla ka-Juni 3, 2016, kwi-93,9-yerhafu isabelo ngasinye kwisamba esiyi-93,490, uza kuhlawula i-Interactive Brokers ikhomishini ye-3.50, okanye i-0.0037 iphesenti; kunye nezinye iimali zokutshintshiselwa kwemali, iifizi zokucima, kunye nezinye iimali ezilingana; ngokukodwa impazamo yokujikeleza. Kufuneka ube yi-akhawunti enkulu ngokwaneleyo okanye uvelise enye ingeniso yorhwebo ukuze ulungele ukugcina impahla yakho esitokisini ngaphandle kokukuhlajaza. I-Interactive Brokers ayifanelekanga, ihlanganisa iindleko zayo ngokuhlawula imali efanelekileyo.
Ukuba uya kuhamba indlela uBenjamin Graham uncetyiswa ngayo, u-Investor Intelligent, unokubamba ukugcinwa kwetayibhendi kunye ne- trust trust bank . Iimpahla ezihlawulelwe ngokupheleleyo, ngekheshi, kungabi naliphi ithuba lokuwa kweziko ukuza kufutshane nexabiso elikulo liziko. Kufuneka uhlawule kuphela amacandelo amanqaku athile ngonyaka malunga nenkonzo ecinga ukuba ibhalansi yakho ibhalwe ngaphezu kwamanani amathandathu.
Iintlobo eziKhethekileyo zeAkhawunti zingayinisa iMali yokuHlola ePhakamileyo
Xa sisebenzisana nempahla engeyiyo ifomathi njengengxowa- mali ye-hedge investment egcinwe ngohlobo lwee-unit unit membership unit okanye i-unit units ezincinci , abagcini beemfuno ezizodwa abavuma ukuhlangabezana nalezi ziqinisekiso bahlala behlawula imali ephezulu, enokuthi ihluke kwiziko ukuya kwisiko. Kuyafana nohlobo oluthile lwe-Roth IRA ejongene ne-self-directed IRA, okanye enye iplani yomhlala-phantsi.
Oku kunokuba lunengqiqo kubathengi abazizityebi abafuna ukuthenga izinto ezifana nesakhiwo sonke sendawo phantsi kweendawo zokukhusela zabo zerhafu ukwenzela ukuba bahlawule irhafu kwiholo lokuqeshisa, xa benokulandela imigaqo emininzi yemigaqo.
Le mirhumo yokuhlawula iyakwazi ukufikelela kumawaka eedola ngonyaka kodwa ingaba luncedo, kumtyalo ochanekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo njengoko kungenakwenzeka ukuba angasebenzise le nkqubo ekhethekileyo yesikhothifoliyo enokuvelisa ingeniso enkulu . Lo akusiyo indawo apho abanamava banokunyathela ngokukhawuleza.
Imirhumo yoKhuselo kwiNgcamango ebanzi yePortfolio yakho
Imirhumo yokugcinwa kwemali kunye neentlawulo ezigcinwe ngokuzigcina ziyingxenye yezinto ezenza uhlawulelo lweendleko zakho , kunye nezinye iirhafu ezinjengeemali zokubhalwa kwee-investment adviser, iimali zokuhlawula imali zemali, iirhafu "zokujonga" kwiimali zokuthengiselana ngemali , kunye neengxowa-mali , kunye naziphi na ezinye iindleko ozenzayo ekulawuleni nasekulawuleni iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali.
Mhlawumbi ujongene nemveliso ekhethekileyo kunye neenkonzo, kunye neendleko ezibandakanya zonke kwiiphothifoliyo ezikhulu kunama-1 000,000 aphezulu kunama-1,50 ekhulwini, kuquka iifizi zokugcina kunye nazo zonke ezinye iindleko kunye nokuxhomekeka kohlobo oluthile lokubambisana kwamanye amazwe.
Le ngqalelo, iindleko ezibandakanya zonke, kubalulekile. Iimeko zikhoyo apho iiflawulo zihlelwe ngendlela apho isitya esihlawula i-1,50 pesenti sihlola ngokufanelekileyo imirhumo ephantsi ngenxa yeendlela abaphatha ngayo imali ethile kunye neeklasi zee-asethi kunokuba ziqine ukuba zihlawulise i-0.75 ekhulwini kuphela. Awukwazi ukubeka ingqalelo kwizinga lezitifiketi kwedwa, kufuneka uqonde iirhafu ezivivinywa ngokupheleleyo kwiipotelifoli zakho.
Elinye i-caveat kukuba kukho amafemu athile afikelela kubantu abaphezulu. Kwezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo, unokubona umntu ehlawula iindleko zeepesenti ezingama-2.5 kwi-portfolio ye-$ 10,000,000, ezwakala ingqabileyo. Khangela ngakumbi kuba mhlawumbi kukho into eyenzekayo engqiqweni kumxholo njengoko oko kungabonakali kuphela iindleko zolawulo lweempahla. Abathengi abacebileyo ababandakanyeka kula malungiselelo bahlala besazi ukuba benza ntoni kunye nexabiso abafumanayo.
I-Balance ayinikezeli irhafu, utyalo-mali, iinkonzo zemali kunye neengcebiso. Ulwazi lwenziwa ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iinjongo zotyalo-mali, ukunyamezela ngengozi okanye imeko zezimali kwanoma yimuphi umtyalo-mali othile kwaye angenakufaneleka kubo bonke abatyalo-mali. Ukusebenza kwangaphambili akubonakali kweziphumo ezizayo. Utyalo-mali luquka ubungozi kubandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwinqununu.