Iintlobo zoKhuhlane

Ziziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubola?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokubola , enye leyo ingahlelwa yintlupheko ye-chemical's deertification.

Uluhlu olungezantsi zi-10 iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zokubola:

Ukuhlaselwa ngokubanzi:

Eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlaselwa okufanayo ngokufanayo, ukuhlaselwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukubola kuluhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokubola kwaye kubangelwa yimichiza okanye i-electrochemical reaction eyenza ukutshabalalisa yonke indawo ebonakalayo yensimbi.

Ekugqibeleni, isinyithi siyancipha ukuya kwindawo yokuhluleka.

Ukuhlaselwa ngokubanzi ngokukhawuleza kwe-akhawunti kubangelwa yintshatyalalo yensimbi ngokutshabalalisa kodwa kubonwa njengendlela ekhuselekileyo yokubola, ngenxa yokuba kuqikeleleka, kulawulwa kwaye kuthinteka rhoqo.

Ulwaphulo lwendawo:

Ngokungafani nokuhlaselwa okuqhelekileyo ukubola, ukuhluthwa kwendawo ejoliswe ngqo kwindawo ethile yesakhiwo sesinyithi. Ukuqhawuka kwendawo kuhlulwa njengenye yeentlobo ezintathu:

• Ukumisa: Ukubeka iziphumo xa iqhosha elincinci, okanye i-pitty, lifake kwisitye, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa ye-de-passivation yendawo encinci. Lo mmandla uba ngu-anodic, ngelixa inxalenye yesinyithi esele iba cathodic, ikhiqiza i-galvaniy reaction response. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwalo mmandla omncinci kungena kwisinyithi kwaye kunokukhokelela ekuphumeleleni. Le ndlela ye-corrosion iyanzima ukuyifumana ngenxa yokuba iqhelekile encinci kwaye ingafihlwa kwaye ifihliwe yimichiza ekhutshwe nge-corrosion

• Ukuqhaqha kwamanzi: Ukufana nokupaka, ukubola kwe-crevice kwenzeka kwindawo ethile. Olu hlobo lwe-corrosion luhlala ludibaniswa ne-micro-stagnant micro-environment, njengaleyo ifunyenwe phantsi kweenkikethi kunye nokuhlambalaza kunye nezixhobo. Izimo ezixhasayo okanye ukuchithwa kwe-oksijeni kwintsimbi kungakhokelela ekuqhumeni.

• UFiliform ukuguquka: Ukuqhutyelwa ngaphantsi kwepeyinti okanye kwindawo egciniweyo xa amanzi ephuka isambatho, i-filiform ukubola kuqala kwiintsilelo ezincinci kwiindawo zokugqoka kwaye zisasazeka ukuze kubuthathaka.

I-Galvanic Corrosion:

I-Galvanic corrosion , okanye i-metal corsision, ebonakalayo xa kwenzeka iimbini ezimbini ezihlukeneyo zihlangene kunye ne-electrolyte ephazamisayo. Isibini se-galvanic senza phakathi kweesinyithi zombini, apho esinye isinyithi siba yi-anode kunye nezinye i-cathode. I-anode, okanye isinyithi esinyukayo, ihlahlela kwaye iyancipha ngokukhawuleza kunokuba yedwa, ngelixa i-cathode ihla kakhulu ngokuthe ngcembe kunokuba ingenjalo.

Imimiselo emithathu kufuneka ibe khona kwi-galvanic corrosion ukuba ivele:

• I-electrochemically ssial metal should be present
• Isinyithi kufuneka sibe kunye nokuqhagamshelana nombane, kwaye
• Isinyithi kufuneka sichazwe kwi-electrolyte

Ukuqhawula kweNdalo:

Ukuqhekeka kokusingqongileyo yinkqubo yokuguqulwa enokubangela ukudibanisa iimeko zokusingqongileyo ezichaphazela isinyithi. Imichiza, iqondo lokushisa kunye neemeko ezinxulumene noxinzelelo zingabangela ezi zilandelayo:

• Uxinzelelo lweCrosion Corcking (SCC)
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuchithwa kwe-Hydrogen
• I-liquid embrittlement yamatye

Ukukhutshwa koNcedo (FAC):

Ukukhupha ukusiza komsiza, okanye ukuqhuma kokukhawuleza kokukhawuleza, kubangelwa xa ugcino olukhuselekileyo lwe-oxide kwi-metal surface luchithwa okanye lususwe ngumoya okanye ngamanzi, ukubonisa ukuba isinyithi esisezantsi siqhubeka sihlaziya kwaye siphume.

• Ukukhutshwa kwe-Erosion
• Ukumisa
• Cavitation

Ukudibanisa

Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhawhaw Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ngenxa yokungcola kwintsimbi, edla ukuba khona kumxholo ophezulu malunga nomda weenkozo. Le mida ingaba yingozi kakhulu kwi-corrosion ngaphezu kwenani lentsimbi.

De-Alloying:

Ukudibanisa, okanye i-leaching ekhethiweyo, i-corrosion ekhethiweyo yento ethile kwi- alloy . Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-de-alloying yi-deinclinification yebhesi engaqinisekanga. Isiphumo sokubola kwiimeko ezinjalo kubhedu nobunzima.

Ukuqhawula ngokukrakra:

Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqho kwenzeka njengomphumo wokugqoka ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ubunzima kunye / okanye ukunyakaza kwi-surface engenalutho. Ukuchithwa, okubangelwa yimikhomo kunye neengqungquthela, kubonakala phezulu.

Ukugqithisa ngokugqithisileyo kufumaneka kwi-rotation kunye noomatshini ochaphazelayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwamagumbi kunye neebherethi, kunye neendawo ezibonakalayo ezidityanisiweyo kwixesha lokuhamba.

UkuPhuhlisa okuKhuselekileyo:

Iifutha ezisetyenziselwa iitrobesi zegesi, iinjini ze-diesel kunye neminye imishini, ene-vanadium okanye i-sulfates, ngexesha lokushisa, ifom ihlanganiswe ne-low melting point. Ezi zixhobo ziyingozi kakhulu kwiintsimbi zesinyithi ngokuqhelekileyo ezixhathisa ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nokubola, kuquka insimbi engenasici .

Ukushisa kwezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kungabangelwa kukushisa kwe-high-temperature oxidization, sulfidation, kunye ne-carbonization.

_Imithombo:

_{I-Laboratory Corrosion Technology (NASA)
https://corrosion.ksc.nasa.gov/index.htm
NACE International
https://www.nace.org/home.aspx}

_{Landela iTerence kwi-Google +}