Ingqikelelo engama-933,000 i-troy ounces (i-ozs) ye- rhodium yahlanjululwa kuwo wonke umhlaba ngo-2014, iipesenti ezi-ezine zinciphisa ukuveliswa kwehlabathi jikelele ukususela ngonyaka.
Ukuncipha kwe-rhodium yokuvelisa kwakuxhomekeke kwisiteleka sabasebenzi baseMzantsi Afrika, esabandakanye abavukuzi abangama-70 000 kwaye bayeka ukusebenza kwiimigodi ye- platinum ye-metal (PGM) kwimigodi engangeenyanga ezintandathu.
Ukuncipha kwe-rhodium yokuvelisa kwiimigodi, nangona kunjalo, kuye kwahluthwa ngokunyuka kwindleko ye-rhodium ye-rhodium ephuma kwi-autocatalyst end-life-life. Imithombo ye-recycled account for one-third of the year production of metal.
Phantse iipesenti ezingama-70 zazo zonke i-rhodium zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweendlela zokuhamba ezintathu, okunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-nitrous oxide kwiimoto zepetroli yokukhanya kunye nezithuthuthu.
Abavelisi abaphezulu be-rhodium baba malunga ne-700,000 ii-ounces ze-rhodium yokuvelisa okanye iikota ezintathu zokuveliswa kwehlabathi jikelele ngo-2014.
Inani leemveliso ezibonakaliswe ngasemagunyeni angaphantsi kweenkampani zihlanganisiwe kwiingxelo zonyaka zenkampani ezifumaneka kwiiwebhsayithi zokuvelisa, kwaye zisekelwe kwimiphumo yemveliso yonyaka ka-2014.
01 Amplats - iiyunithi ezingama-229,400
Nangona i-rhodium ehlaziyiweyo ehla e-2013, i-Anglo American Platinum Ltd ('i-Amplats') yahlala yinkampani yokucoca i-metal ephezulu, ibe malunga nekota enye yemveliso yehlabathi.
I-Amplats isebenza ngemigodi eyisibhozo eMzantsi Afrika kunye neZimbabwe kwaye i-refinerum enkulu yehlabathi yeplatinum kunye neyesibini mveliso enkulu ye-palladium. Ama-Ore avela kwimigodi yeenkampani yanyiswa ngenye yee-refperies ezintathu zase-Amplats eMzantsi Afrika.
Inkampani ixhomekeke kwiGoli, eMzantsi Afrika kwaye ithengiswa kwi-Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE).
02 Implats - 157,000 ii-Ounces
Iimpembelelo ezinyangeni ezintandathu eMzantsi Afrika, i-Impala Platinum (i-Implats) yabona i-rhodium yexabiso layo liyehla malunga nama-30 ekhulwini ukususela ngo-2013.
Implats malunga neComputer Bushveld eMzantsi Afrika kunye neGreat Dyke esifundeni saseZimbabwe.
Ezi zixhobo, kwakunye nezinto ezivela kwimithombo yenkampani yesithathu, zicutshungulwa kwi-smelter yenkampani, iiNkonzo zeNkonzo zokuCoca (IRS), ngaphandle kwe-Johannesburg.
I-Implats ngumhlaziyi-mkhulu wehlabathi we- platinum kunye neyesithathu umlimi omkhulu we- palladium .
03 I-Norilsk Nickel - i-Ounces ezingama-91,000
I-Norilsk Nickel, ekhankanya ininzi yeqela layo leplatinum zinyithi ezisuka kwi- nickel ores ezithintekayo ngasenyakatho yeRashiya, yakwazi ukwandisa imveliso ye-rhodium ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwe-10 ngo-2014 ekuphenduleni ukungabikho kwempahla evela eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukucocwa ngaphezu kwezinto eziphathekayo ze-rhodium ezicebile kwavumela uNorilsk ukuba ahlaziywe kwi-shortage supply.
EkwaseRussia, iNorilsk ngumvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi we-nickel kunye ne-palladium, kunye nomvelisi omkhulu weplatinum, ubhedu kunye ne- cobalt .
04 Lonmin - ii-Ounces ezingama-78,400
Omnye umnini-mveliso we-PGM waseMzantsi Afrika, i-Lonmin Plc yaseMarikana imisebenzi isekho ecaleni lasentshonalanga kwi-Complex Bushveld.
Nangona isiteleka sabasebenzi, iLonmin yafumana ukuhla kwehla kwi-rhodium eyenziwa ngo-2013 no-2014, ukusuka kuma-ounces ama-80,900 ukuya kwii-78,400 zamawaka.
I-Lonmin iqhuba i-PGM ores kwi-smelter yayo yaseMarikana ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe ukuhlukana. Isiseko sesiseko sithathwe, kunye ne-platinum, i-palladium, i-rhodium, i- ruthenium kunye ne- iridium .
Amaminerali ama-African African Rainbow - ama-35,227 iinqununu
I-African Rainbow Minerals (ARM) yinkampani yezimayini ezahlukahlukeneyo eziseMzantsi Afrika esebenzayo kwi-iron ore, i-manganese, i-chrome, i-PGM, ityhuse, i-nickel kunye namalahle omlahle.
I-rhodium yenkampani ichithwe kwimisebenzi emithathu yokusebenzisana: (1) Imayini ye-Modikwa (41.5% ubunini), ukusebenzisana kunye nama-Amplats, (2) iMigodi emibili yam (55% ubunini, ukusebenzisana kunye ne-Implats, kunye ( 3), umgodi weNkomati (50% ubunini), usebenza kunye neNorilsk Nickel Afrika.
Imveliso ye-rhodium eyenziwa yi-ARM ifikelela kuma-ounces angama-35 000 ngo-2014, ngokunyuka ukusuka kunyaka odlulileyo.
06 I-Stillwater Imayini - ii-Ounces ezingama-33 700
Umlimi omkhulu weplatinum kunye ne-palladium ngaphandle kwe-Afrika kunye ne-Russia, i-Stillwater Mining Company yiyona kuphela i-Miner-based miner of PGMs.
I-rhodium yemveliso yenkampani, nangona kunjalo, ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kubaguquli be-catalytic esetshenzisiweyo kunye nezinye izinto ezibuyiswayo. Ezi ziphathwa kwi-smelter e-Columbus, eMontana.
Ngo-2014, i-rhodium ye-rhodium ehlaziyiweyo ye-rhodium yancipha ngamaphesenti angama-30 ukuya kuma-angu-33 700 ama-ounces ngenxa yokufikelela okuncinci kwizinto zokuphinda zibuyiswe. Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lenkampani elifumene i rhodium liye lawa kancane ukuya ku-US $ 1059 nganye kwi-troy ounce.
07 i-Northam Platinum - i-Ounces ezingama-31,000
I-Northam Platinum ngumnye umvelisi we-PGM waseMzantsi Afrika kunye nemisebenzi yayo egxile kwi-Complex Bushveld.
Imveliso yaseRhodium e-Northam yayingakhange ithinteke kakhulu kwisiteyimu se-2014 ngenxa yesininzi sabasebenzi beenkampani abangabambisene nemanyano yabamangalisa.
Ngenxa yoko, i-rhodium yokuthengisa yenyuka ibe ngama-ounces angama-31 000, ukusuka phezulu kuma-25,000 ngo-2013. Oku kwashukumisela iNortham enye indawo, i-Aquarius Platinum eyadlulileyo, kwi-10 ye-rhodium abahlalutye abaloluhlu lonyaka.
Qaphela: Amanani okuvelisa i-Northam Platinum asekelwe kwintengiso yenkampani nganye ngesitye.
08 Aquarius Platinum - 28,324 iinqununu
I-Aquarius Platinum isebenza ngamabini amabini ahlangeneyo kwi-Complex Bushveld: iMigodi yeKroondal neMimosa.
Umgodi waseKroondal ngowama-50:50 echibini kunye nokwabelana ngesivumelwano kunye ne-Amplats, umveliso weplatinum kunye ne-rhodium enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngoxa umgodi weMimosa ngowama-50:50 kunye nentsebenziswano yesibili ye-rhodium, umpala.
I-Aquarius iphinde isebenzise indawo yokufudumala kwePlatinum Mile apho i-platinum yeesinyithi zinyithi zikhishwe kwii-tailings kunye nezinto ezilahlekileyo ezivela kwi-platinum kunye nemigodi ye- chrome .
Qaphela: Amanani okuvelisa i-Palladium ye-Aquarius Platinum asekelwe kwimveliso eyenziwa yinkampani.
09 Glencore - 15,000 ama-Ounces
Umkhiqizi omkhulu wobhedu kunye ne- zinc , i-Glencore icoca i-PGM ukusuka kwiimigodi ze-Eland kunye ne-Mototolo eMzantsi Afrika, kwakunye nakwi-nickel sulfide ores echithwe kwi-basbury yaseSanbury.
Zombini iMigodi yaseMzantsi Afrika yafunyanwa ngokulandela ukuhlanganiswa kukaGlencore kunye ne-Xstrata ngo-2013. Igosa leMototolo liqhutywe njengentsebenziswano phakathi kweGlencore kunye ne-Amplats.
Inkampani yabika ii-ounces eziyi-15 000 ze-rhodium yokuvelisa ngo-2014, ingatshintshi ukususela kunyaka ongaphambili.