Abahlaziyi beplatinum bezona zikhulu emhlabeni
Imveliso epheleleyo ephuculwayo yeplatinum - kuquka izinto eziphinda zenziwe kwakhona - iqikelelwe ukuba yi-7.225 yezigidi ze-ounces ngo-2014.
Oku kubhekisele kwipesenti ezi-sibhozo ukusuka ngo-2013, okwakusisiphumo sesiteleka esineenyanga ezintlanu ngabasebenzi baseMzantsi Afrika abathathu bezona nkampani ezinkulu ze- platinum .
Isiteyathelo sabasebenzi abangama-70,000 sabangela ukulahleka okungaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-ounces platinum kwaye ilahlekelwe yimali engama-US $ 2.3 billion.
Abalimi abakhulu abaphezulu beplatinum babenama-ounces angama-5.14 yezigidi ngonyaka wama-2014, okanye ngaphezulu kwe-70 ekhulwini yee-total production.
I-Anglo American Platinum (i-Amplats), kwakhona, ibeke uluhlu lwabalimi bezona zikhulu kakhulu, ukucoca ii-1.89 yezigidi ze-ounces zetsimbi.
Naphezu kokuyeka ukuyeka umsebenzi eMzantsi Afrika, ukuxinwa okuphezulu kwesimbi yeplatinum (i-PGMs) efunyenwe kweli lizwe liqinisekisile ukuba lihlala linye inkulu yiplatinum, i-60% yemveliso yonke yam.
Iinkcukacha zobume zingezantsi ziqulunqwe kwiinkcukacha zonyaka kunye neentsebenzo ezifumaneka kwiiwebhusayithi zokuvelisa (unyaka wama-2014). Amanani okuveliswa kweplatinum ecocekileyo kwinkampani nganye angatholakala kwigama lenkampani kwaye iboniswe kwi-troy ounces (oz).
01 Anglo American Platinum - 1,890,000 oz
I-Anglo American Platinum (i-Amplats) yiyunithi yokuvelisa i-PGM ye-mining e-Anglo American.
Ukusebenza kwee-PGM ezisibhozo ze-Amplats ziquka imigodi elawulwayo, iimigodi ezisebenzisanayo kunye nemigodi edibeneyo esasazeka kulo lonke elaseMzantsi Afrika neZimbabwe. Iimithi zicoca i-ore ezivela emanxweme eMerensky naseGG2, i-Platreef kunye ne-Main Sulphide Zone.
Nangona ukuveliswa kweemveliso kuyehla ngama-20 ekhulwini ukususela kunyaka owedlule, inkampani yaba ngumlimi weplatinum omkhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ukubalwa kwekota kwikota enye yonke yokuveliswa kweplatinum ngo-2014.
Ipropati Yenkampani: Anglo American plc
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: www.angloamerican.com/
02 Impala Platinum - 1,180,000 oz
Impala Platinum's (Implats) imisebenzi yeemigodi yeplatinum igxininise kwi-Complex Bushveld eMzantsi Afrika kunye ne-Great Dyke eZimbabwe.
Ngo-2014, inkampani yabela iipesenti ezingaphezulu kwe-16 yeplatinum elicwengileyo yehlabathi. Imisebenzi emihlanu ephambili ye-Implat i-Impala, i-Zimplats, i-Marula, i-Mimosa, kunye neMilambo emiBini.
Nangona iipesenti ezingama-85 zeMveliso ye-Implats ye-PGM zivela ezi zinto ziphambili, imithombo yam yomhlaba, izinto eziseleyo zithatyathwa kubantu besithathu njengenxalenye yonyango kunye neemvumelwano.
Ipropati Yenkampani: Impala Platinum Holdings Ltd.
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: www.implats.co.za
03 I-Norilsk Nickel - 657,000 oz
Ukungabandakanyekanga ngesiteleka eMzantsi Afrika, ukuveliswa kweplatinum e-Norilsk ye-Nickel ehlaziywe ngokuqhubekayo ukususela ngo-2013. Ukunyuka kancinane kwemveliso kunye nokwehla kwemveliso eLonmin kwashukumisela uNorilsk ukususela kwesine ukuya kwesithathu kwiluhlu lwabavelisi abaphezulu beplatinum.
I-Norilsk Nickel, eyona mveliso enkulu yehlabathi ye- nickel kunye ne- palladium , izicatshulwa ezixabisekileyo kunye ne-platinum yesimbi ezinjengeemveliso ezivela kwimigodi engasenyakatho yeRashiya neBotswana.
I-nkampani yabona ixabiso leplatinum eliphakathi kwe-US $ 1,388 nge-ounce ngo-2014.
Iprofayile yeNkampani: iNorilsk Nickel
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: www.nornik.ru/en
04 Lonmin plc - 436,000 oz
Ngokutsho kwenkampani, iLonmin plc yalahlekelwa ngaphezu kweeyunithi ezingama-391,000 zeplatinum ngenxa yesiteleka sabasebenzi baseMzantsi Afrika ngo-2014.
Ukuveliswa kwehla kwamaphesenti angama-40 ukususela ngo-2013 ukuya kuma-ounces angama-436,000, kwaye inkampani yashiya isikhundla esisodwa ukusuka kwisithathu ukuya kweyesine.
Umsebenzi weLonmin u-215 000 weekhilomitha ezili-1,9 ngeenxa zonke eMarikana. Abathunywa abalishumi abalishumi, i-smelter, kunye nokucocwa kwesimbi ziseko zikhonza umgodi ongaphantsi komhlaba.
Iwebhusayithi yekampani: www.lonmin.com
05 I-Stillwater Imayini - 285,000 oz
Inkampani ye-Stillwater Mining yiyona kuphela i-Miner-based miner of PGMs kunye nomlimi oyimveliso oyintloko ngaphandle kwe-Afrika kunye neRashiya.
Ekwahlukileyo kwiBillings, i-Stillwater Mining ikhupha i-platinum, i-palladium, ne- rhodium kwiimigodi e zimbini eziseJM Reef enyakatho-mpuma e-Montana.
I-Ore ephuma kwi-mine igxininiswe njengecwecwe lokucoca kwi-smelter yenkampani e-Columbus ize ithunyelwe ku-Johnson Matthey ukucwangciswa kokugqibela.
I nkampani iphinda iphinde ibuye i-PGM ukusuka kubaguquli be-catalytic kunye nezinye izibonelelo zoshishino. Ngo-2014, iipesenti ezingama-57 zePlatinum ye-Stillwater zaveliswa kwimithombo esetyenziswayo.
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: www.stillwatermining.com
06 Northam Platinum Ltd. - 241,000
I-Northam Platinum isebenza kwiimigodi ze-Zondereinde kunye ne-Booysendal PGM kunye nesakhiwo se-metallurgical kunye ne-smelter esiseKhaya le-Bushveld yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Nangona zichaphazeleke ngamanyathelo athatywayo ngo-2014, i-Northam Platinum ayizange ibe nefuthe kwitekimu yeenyanga ezintlanu ezithintele i-Amplats ne-Implats. Enyanisweni, i-Northam Platinum yabona ukwanda kwee-platinum ezithengayo ukusuka kwi-212,000 i-ounces ngo-2013 ukuya kwii-241,000 ii-ounces ngo-2014.
I-PGM yenkampani igxininiswe nguHereaus ePort Elizabeth, eMzantsi Afrika naseHanau, eJamani, ngelixa i-Northam Platinum inoxanduva lokuthengisa i-platinum, i-palladium, i-rhodium, igolide , isilivere , i- ruthenium kunye ne- iridium .
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: http://www.northam.co.za/
Qaphela: Inombolo yokuvelisa ngokusekelwe kwintengiso ebiziweyo nganye ngetsimbi.
07 Aquarius Platinum - 184,150 oz
I-Aquarius Platinum isebenza kwimayini yaseKroondal kunye neMigosa yaseMzantsi Afrika kwi-Complex Bushveld.
Umgodi waseKroondal ngowama-50:50 echibini kunye nokwabelana ngesivumelwano sokuthi u-Aquarius ungumnikazi we-Amplats, ngelixa umgodi weMimosa ngowama-50:50 kunye kunye ne-Implats.
I-Aquarius iphinde isebenzise indawo yokufudumala kwe-Platinum Mile apho i-PGM ichithwa khona kwimisinga yemifudlana yemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yeplatinum kunye ne- chrome kwindawo ejikeleze iKroondal.
I-PGM igxininisa iRustenburg Platinum Mines Ltd. kunye neCentametal AG (Switzerland) kwiimvumelwano zendawo yokuhamba kunye nokucoca.
Iwebhusayithi yekampani: http://aquariusplatinum.com
Qaphela: Inombolo yokuvelisa isekelwe kwimveliso evela kwi-Aquarius kwimigodi ye-Kroondal neMimosa (iipesenti ezingama-50 nganye).
08 Vale SA - 182,000 oz
I-Brazilian iron iron ore enkulu i-Vale i-platinum ne-palladium, kunye negolide, isilivere kunye ne- cobalt , njengemveliso-evela kwi-mine yase-Sudbury, eCanada.
Ukulandela ukwanda kweepesenti ezisibhozo ngo-2013, ukuveliswa kweplatinum ukusuka kwimizi kwanda ama-25 ekhulwini ngo-2014, ukusuka kuma-ounces ama-145 000 ukuya kuma-ounces ama-182,000.
I-PGM kunye neensimbi ezixabisekileyo ziqala ukuqhutyelwa kwiziko lasePort Colborne, e-Ontario, ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe kuhlaziywa kweVale e-Acton, eNgilani, apho baqhutyelwa khona kwimveliso ehlambulukileyo.
Iprofayili yenkampani: Vale SA
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: http://www.vale.com/
09 Glencore plc - 91,000 oz
I-Glencore icoca i-platinum, i-palladium, kunye ne-rhodium njengemveliso-evela kwi-nickel sulfide ores kwisibini saseSanbury saseSanbury, kunye nakuma-minye e-Eland ne-Mototolo, efumaneka kwi-Eastern Limb ye-Complex Bushveld.
Imigodi ye-Eland ne-Mototolo yafunyanwa ngenxa yenkampani yokudibanisa ne-Xstrata ngo-2013. Igosa leMototolo lihlangene kunye ne-Anglo Platinum.
Ama-ounces angama-91 000 weplatinum ahlanjululwa yinkampani ngo-2014, iphesenti enye ukusuka ngo-2013.
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: www.glencorexstrata.com
10 Asahi Holdings - 44,800 oz
I-Asahi Holdings yinkampani yaseJapan eyigugu yokubuyisela i-recycling inkampani eqokelela, ibuyisela iphinde ihlaziye i-PGM kunye nezitye ezixabisekileyo.
Ngokusekelwe kwingqikelelo yayo yokuthengisa i-platinum ye-2014, kuqikelelwa ukuba inkampani ilungise ama-ounces angama-45 000 ngo-2014. Oku kuya kubonisa ukunyuswa kweepesenti ezingama-20 ngaphezu ko-2013.
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: www.asahiholdings.com
Qaphela: Inombolo yokuvelisa ngokusekelwe kwii-platinum zithengiswa ngo-2014 ngokwahlukileyo ngokwexabiso lemarike yeplatinum yonyaka.
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