Abalimi abalishumi abaphezulu beelladium
Nangona ukuveliswa kwepallidium eprayimari yeprayimari epheleleyo yayingama-ounces angama-6.54 i-ounces ngo-2012, ukufunwa kwirekhodi ye-palladium autocatalyst kunye nokunyuka kweemfuno zokutshala imali kwanyusa ixabiso lemali kulo nyaka.
Ngethuba le-2012, i-palladium yehlabathi jikelele yanikezelwa ngamaphesenti angama-11 ukuya kwinqanaba layo eliphantsi kakhulu ukususela ngo-2002. Kwangenxa yecandelo elingaphantsi kweepesenti zesiRashiya ngenxa yokunciphisa ama-ore mabakala kunye neepesenti ezithoba kwi-palladium yaseMzantsi Afrika ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ukuyeka.
Iinkcukacha zobume zingezantsi ziqulunqwa kwiinkcukacha zonyaka kunye neentsebenzo ezifumaneka kwiiwebhusayithi zokuvelisa (ngokusekelwe kumanani ngamnye omsebenzi wonyaka wezimali ka-2012). Amanani okuveliswa kweplatinum ecocekileyo kwinkampani nganye angatholakala kwigama lenkampani.
01 i-Norilsk Nickel - i-ozul 2,731,000
I-MMC Norilsk Nickel ("i-Norilsk") ngumvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi we- nickel (kubalwa iipesenti ezili-17 zokuvelisa ihlabathi) kunye ne-palladium (iipesenti ezingama-41), kunye nomlimi ophezulu weshumi. Iifom zeenkampani ezixabisekileyo kunye neplatinum yeensimbi njengeemveliso ezivela kwimigodi yayo kwiTimyr naseKola Peninsula (zombini eRashiya) kunye nakwiimigodi eBotswana naseMzantsi Afrika. I-Norilsk, inkampani enkulu yeemayini yaseRashiya, iphinda ikhuphe kunye nokucoca i- cobalt , isilivere , igolide, itellurium kunye ne-selenium njengemveliso.
Iprofayile yeNkampani: iNorilsk Nickel
Iwebhusayithi yeNkampani: Norilsk Nickel
02 Anglo Platinum - 1,395,000 ozs
Iimpahla ze-Anglo American Platinum Limited (i-Amplats) ziqukethe iimigodi ezi-11 ezilawulwayo, kunye nemigodi yamashishini kunye kunye nemigodi edibeneyo eMzantsi Afrika naseZimbabwe. Uninzi lwe-ore ezivela kule migodi lucubungulwa kwelinye lama-concentrators a-14 a-Amplats ngaphambi kokuba athambile kwenye yezinto zokucocwa ezintathu zenkampani eMzantsi Afrika. Nangona i-palladium ehlambulukileyo ehlambulukileyo yawela kwi-1.43 yezigidi ngo-2011 ama-ounces angama-1,395 wezigidi ngonyaka ka-2012, ii-Amplats zahlala zingumvelisi wesibini omkhulu kwihlabathi.
Ipropati Yenkampani: Anglo American plc
Iwebhusayithi yeNkampani: Anglo American
03 Impala Platinum - 1,020,000 ozs
Umsebenzi we-Impala Platinum (Implats) ujoliswe kwi-Complex Bushveld eMzantsi Afrika kunye ne-Great Dyke eZimbabwe. Iyunithi yeprayimari yenkampani yokusebenza eyona nxalenye iphantsi kwinqanaba leNtshona Koloni kwiComplex kufuphi neRustenburg. I-Implats iqulethe i-73 yeepesenti kwiMarula kwilungu elisempuma. EZimbabwe, inkampani isebenza ngeZimplats kwaye inomdla kuMimosa Platinum.
IiNkonzo Zokucoca ii-Impala (IRS) zitshiza kunye nokucoca isinyithi kwiziko leenkampani kunye nezinto ezithengwe kwiinkampani zenkampani yesithathu.
Ipropati Yenkampani: Impala Platinum Holdings Ltd.
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: Impala Platinum Holdings Ltd.
04 Lonmin PLC - 331,000 ozs
I-Lonmin ekuqaleni yayihlanganiswe njengeLondon neRhodesian Mining and Land Company Ltd. (eLonrho) ngo-1909. Imisebenzi ephambili yenkampani - imayini yaseMarikana - isecaleni lesentshona ye-Bushveld. I-Ore ekhishwe yiLonmin ithunyelwa kwinkqubo yenkqubo yeLonmin apho isiseko sesimbi, kubandakanya ubhedu kunye ne-nickel, zichithwe ngaphambi kokucocwa kwesinyithi kunye nezinye iindidi zeplatinum, i-palladium, i- rhodium , i- ruthenium kunye ne- iridium .
Iwebhusayithi yekampani: PLC Lonmin
05 I-Stillwater Imayini - ii-258,000 ii-oz
Inkampani ye-Stillwater Mining ingomnye wabalimi ababini bepaldidium kuphela ehlabathini. Iimpahla eziphambili zeenkampani zifumaneka kwi-ora ye-JM Reef body e-Montana, eline-28-mile ubude e-Montana, equkethe i-palladidium, i-platinum kunye nexabiso elincinci le-rhodium. I-Stillwater Mining Company isebenza ngemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba-i-East Boulder kunye ne-Stillwater-kunye ne-JM Reef. Ixhomekeke kwiindawo zamashishini, kunye nezinto ezichanekileyo zokukhutshwa kwakhona, zenziwa kwi-smelter yenkampani e-Columbus, Montana.
Iwebhusayithi yeNkampani: Still Water Mining
06 Vale SA - 251,000 ozs
I-Vale SA yiyona nkampani enkulu yeyona nto yesibini yeyona migodi yeyona migodi, i-producer ehamba phambili ye- iron ore kunye ne-pellets kunye nomvelisi we-nickel wesibini. Iinqwelo ezininzi ze-nickel ziqulethe i-PGM, i-Vale inokukhipha i-palladium njengemveliso ye-nickel yokucoca inkqubo. I nkampani ithatha i-PGM equkethe i-concentrate ukusuka kwi-Sudbury, eCanada isebenza kwindawo yokucubungula ePort Colborne, e-Ontario, evelisa i-PGM, igolide, kunye neemveliso eziphakathi kwesiliva. Ezi, kunye nezinto eziphathekayo eziphathekayo ezivela kumaqela angabandakanyekanga, zithunyelwa kuhlaziywa kweVale e-Acton, eNgilani, apho ziqhutyelwa khona kwimveliso ehlambulukileyo.
Iprofayili yenkampani: Vale SA
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: Vale SA
07 Aquarius Platinum - 238,000 ozs
U-Aquarius Platinum Ltd unentshisekelo kwiindawo ezixhenxe eziseMzantsi Afrika naseZimbabwe, ezimbini zazo ziza kuzaliswa ngoku. Imigodi yaseKroondal neMimosa, ngokulandelanayo, ikhona kwi-Complex Bushveld (eMzantsi Afrika) kunye neGreat Dyke (iZimbabwe). I-Ore ithunyelwa kwizityalo ezimbini ezihamba nge-metallurgical esakhiweni kwipropati, enesakhono esihlangeneyo senyanga ye-570,000. U-Aquarius unayo i-91.7 yepesenti kwi-Platinum Mile, indawo yokubuyisela ukuthungela indawo e-Amplats eRustenburg Imayini apho iiforikhi zorhwebo zingenziwa kwaye zijoliswe.
Iwebhusayithi yekampani: Aquarius Platinum
08 North American Palladium - 163,000 ozs
I-North American Palladium, kunye ne-Stillwater Mining, yizona kuphela ezivelisa i-palladium emhlabeni jikelele. Le nkampani isebenza kwimigodi yaseLac des Iles (LDI), esenyakatho ye-Ontario, eyaqala ukuveliswa ngo-1993. Umgodi we-LDI okwangoku ukwanda kunye neNorth American Palladium ejolise kumgangatho wokuvelisa ama-ounces ama-250,000 we-palladium ngonyaka emva kokugqitywa.
Iwebhusayithi yekampani: North Aquarium Palladium
09 Northam - 96,000 ii-oz
I-Northam ngumvelisi we-PGM odibeneyo kunye nokusebenza ekugxileni kwi-Complex Bushveld eMzantsi Afrika. Isakhiwo esiyinhloko senkampani yi-Zondereinde ye-platinum yemayini kunye ne-metallurgical complex, ekhankanya ama-oz-300,000 i-PGM ngonyaka. I-Booysendal, e-Northam yesibini yam, isesiteji esiphezulu sokwakhiwa kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ivelise ii-oz ezongezelelweyo ezingama-160,000 ze-PGM eziqulethwe xa zisebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ukucocwa kweToll for PGM ukugxila kwenzeka phantsi kwesivumelwano kunye ne-WC Heraeus (eJamani) kwaye ihanjiswa rhoqo ngeveki kwisibonelelo seHeraeus seHanus apho iplatinum, i-palladium, i-rhodium, igolide, isilivere, i-ruthenium ne-iridium iyahlukana. Ukusebenza kunye neHeraeus, Northam iphinda ilungise kwaye ithengise ii-PGM ezikhishwe kwi-Platmin ye-Pilanesberg Imayini.
Iwebhusayithi yeNkampani: Northam
10 i-Xstrata - ii-43,000 ii-oz
Ngaphambi kokuhlanganisana noGlencore ukuba abe nguGlencoreXstrata ngo-2013, ishishini lika-Xstrata le-PGM lasekelwe kwiimigodi e-PGM eMzantsi Afrika kunye nezinto eziveliswe njengeemveliso ezivela kwi-nickel yaseCanada. Imigodi ye-Eland kunye ne-Mototolo - ekugqibeleni ukusebenzisana kunye ne-Anglo Platinum - ikhona kwi-Eastern Limb ye-Complex Bushveld. I-Motolo yabhalwa malunga ne-60,000 oz ye-platinum e-Xstrata ecocekileyo ye-platinum ngo-2012, ngoxa nje kutshanje i-shaland i-Eland iqalise ukuveliswa. Ezi zijoliswe ekufikeleleni amandla ngokupheleleyo ngo-2018. I-Xstrata iphinda ilandise i-PGM kwi-nickel sulfide ores kwi-Basbury Sud, eCanada.
Iwebhusayithi Yenkampani: Xstrata
Landela iTerence kwi-Google +