Indlela yokwazi ukuba umhlala-phantsi ngumsebenzi
Kulungile, akusiyo imfihlo. Uninzi lwethu siyazi umntu oneminyaka engama-70, 80 okanye i-90 esebenza ubuncinci inxalenye yexesha. Abanye bakwenza oko kuba bayayithanda kwaye abakwazi ukucinga ukuba benze nantoni na enye, abanye ngenxa yokuba kufuneka. Kwaye esi sizukulwana sinenhlanhla ngokwaneleyo ukufumana iintlawulo zeNtlalo kunye noPensheni. Njengelungu leGenerational X, umyalezo endiwubambileyo bonke ubomi bam kukuba ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalo lungeke lube khona kum, kwaye kufuneka ndiyakhe ipension.
Uninzi lwabantu endibaziyo luyekezela kwingcamango yokuba abayi kuze bakwazi ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi.
Kodwa umhlala-phantsi, nokuba ngumhlala-phantsi okhululekile, awunakwenzeka njengoko ungacinga. Ngokukodwa kwabo basindise kwaye batyala imali rhoqo kwiminyaka yokusebenza. Emva kokuba iphothifoliyo yakho inokuvelisa imali eyaneleyo yokuhlawula iindleko, ungabhala ithikithi lakho.
Unokuthatha umhlalaphantsi? Qalisa iinombolo ukuze ubone oko kwenzeka. Amanyathelo alandelayo anokukunceda uqonde ukulungela umhlala-phantsi namhlanje kwaye uncede ulungiselele umhlala-phantsi kwikamva.
1. Fumana injongo yengeniso. Ukufumana uqikelelo lwemali oya kuyidinga ukuba uthathe umhlalaphantsi, into yokuqala okumele uyenze ukubonisa oko ufuna ukuhlala khona. Abaqeqeshi bezezimali ngokubanzi bacebisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali malunga neepesenti ezingama-85 zeendleko zakho zangoku, phantsi kokucinga ukuba uya kuchitha ngaphantsi xa ungahambi okanye uthenge izinto ezifana nezambatho zokusebenza kunye neentsuku zedishini.
Iindleko zakho zodwa zingahluka, ngoko udale uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olubala izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nayo yonke into. Lo ngumsebenzi omncedisayo ukukunceda uqale ukucoca nantoni na engeyomfuneko ukuba uzimisele ukuyeka, kwaye ujonge nezindlela zokunciphisa iindleko ezibalulekileyo ezifana nezindlu.
2. Ukuphuhlisa ixesha. Emva kokuba unokulinganisela okukrakra kwento ofuna ukuhlala ngayo kumhlalaphantsi, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukubala ukuba ixesha elide lokulondolozwa kwakho lizakuhlala ixesha elingakanani.
(Siza kuthatha ukuba utyalo-mali lwakho luyakunceda ukugcina imali yakho ihambe ngexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso.) Ngenxa yokuba akunakwenzeka ukwazi iminyaka emininzi oya kuyidinga ukuba ulondoloze ukugcina, kunengqiqo ukuphosakela kwicala lobomi obude. Hlalani nikhumbule ukuba umMerika oqhelekileyo ngoku uhlala kumhlala phantsi iminyaka engaphezu kwe-25, ngokutsho kwe-Investment Fidelity.
3. Khangela ingeniso eqinisekileyo. Ngokungaqiniseki konke okuza nokucwangcisa umhlalaphantsi, imijelo efumanekileyo engenayo inokubonelela ngokuqinisekileyo nokuzinza. Iindlela eziqinisekisiweyo zengeniso owaziyo onokuyithemba kuzo, ukusuka kwimithombo efana neempesheni ezixhamliweyo, iiNtlawulo zeNtlalo kunye neentlawulo zonyaka. Ngokufanelekileyo, iifayile zakho zokufumana imali eziqinisekileyo ziya kuhlawula iindleko zakho ezibalulekileyo. Ukuba oku akunjalo, unokucinga ngokufumana ingeniso yexesha elizeleyo okanye elinganayo . Gcina nje ukhumbule ukuba akuzona zonke iirhafu zemveliso ezidalwe ngokulinganayo, ngoko ke sebenze nomcebisi wezezimali okanye umrhweba onokumthembayo, uqaphele ukuba zeziphi iindleko zonyaka kunye nokubuza imibuzo eninzi ukuba kukho nto ongayiqondiyo.
4. Beka izinga lokurhoxisa imali. Emva kokuba uqikelele izinto ezilapha ngasentla, kufuneka ube nengqiqo yokuba unokukhupha njani unyaka ngamnye ukhuseleko lwakho kunye ne-akhawunti yakho yokutshala imali.
Iingcali ngokubanzi zicebisa izinga lokurhoxiswa kweepesenti ezingama-4 ngonyaka (okanye naphi kwipesenti ezi-3 ukuya kuma-6 ekhulwini kuye kuxhomekeke kwiminye imithombo engenayo kunye nombono wezoqoqosho). Kukho ininzi yezixhobo zokubala kwi-intanethi (njengaleyo evela kuVanguard) enokukunceda ukuba ufunde ukuba i-rate ye-4 yeepesenti iya kukhangeleka njani ukusindisa kwakho kwaye ukuba izinga liya kuthintela iphothifoliyo yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Le yindlela yokuvula iso, kwaye iya kukunceda ufumane inyaniso malunga neemfuno zakho zokufumana umhlalaphantsi.
Amanyathelo amane aya kukunceda ukuba unokuthatha umhlalaphantsi namhlanje. Ukuba impendulo ayikho, ngoku unemifanekiso engcono yento yokusebenzela. Ngaba ufuna ukunyusa izinga lokugcina imali? Ufumana umthombo ongenayo imali? Sisebenze ixesha elide okanye ufumane umsebenzi wexeshana okanye ishishini ukuze ungeze imali engenayo ? Ukunciphisa ikhaya lakho okanye ukuchitha imikhwa? Ukuxhotyiswe ngolwazi kwaye uzimisele ukwenza ezinye iinguqu ezincinane, unokuthatha umhlalaphantsi ungakulungi ngexesha.
Umxholo kule ndawo unikezelwa ngolwazi kunye neenjongo zokuxoxa kuphela. Akuhloswe ukuba yingcebiso ngezezimali kwaye akufanele kube yedwa isiseko sotyalo-mali lwakho okanye izigqibo zokucwangcisa irhafu. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.