Ingxowa elawulwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ngokuchaseneyo, ilandela nje inkcazo yemakethi.
Ayinalo iqela lolawulo lokwenza izigqibo zotyalo-mali. Uyakuvame ukuva igama elithi "ingxowa ephethwe ngokuthe ngqo" ngokubhekiselele kwingxowa-mali, nangona kukho i-ETFs (i- exchange--edded funds ).
I-Pros and Cons of nganye
Uluntu lwezemali lwabantu luthanda ukuxubusha malunga nokuba imali elawulwayo okanye ilawulwe ngokungapheliyo iphezulu. Abaxhasi bemali elawulwa ngokuzimeleyo bajonga ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Imali esebenzayo yenza ukuba kube lula ukubetha i-index index.
- Imali emininzi, njengeFundelity's Magellan Fund phantsi kolawulo lukaPeter Lynch, yathumela iindleko ezinkulu. I-Magellan Fund ilinganise ipesenti ezingama-29 ukusuka ngo-1977 ukuya ngo-1990.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iimali ezilawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo zinamanani amaninzi:
- Ukuthetha ngokukodwa, imali elawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo ithambekele ekubeni "ngaphantsi," okanye yenza okubi ngaphezu kweyorhwebo.
- I-Magellan Fund (umzekelo ukhankanywe ngasentla) uyaphawuleka kuba yinto ehlukile, kungeyona imimiselo, kwaye abantu abambalwa banokuqikelela ukuba kuya kwenza kakuhle xa iqala. Siyazi kuphela indlela eyenziwe kakuhle ngayo ngenzuzo yokujonga.
- Njalo xa isikhwama esisebenzayo sithengisa ukubamba, i-fund ikhupha irhafu kunye nemirhumo, eyanciphisa ukusebenza kwesikhwama
- Uya kuhlawula umrhumo wendleko ngaphandle kokuba ingaba i-fund yakho yenza kakuhle okanye ingenzi kakuhle. Ukuba isalathisi sinikela ukubuyela kweepesenti eziyi-7, kwaye isikhwama sakho esisebenzayo sinika i-8 pesenti yokubuya kodwa ihlawula ixabiso le-1.5 yeepesenti, ngoko ulahlekelwe ipesenti yepesenti.
Umzekelo weeNgxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngokungapheliyo
UBob ubeka imali yakhe kwingxowa-mali elandela i- S & P 500 Index . Ingxowa kaBob yinkcazo yeengxelo ezilawulwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo. Uhlawula intlawulo ye-0.06 yeepesenti.
Ingxowa kaBob iqinisekisiwe ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwe-S & P 500. Xa uBob ejika kwiindaba, kwaye i-anchor izisa ukuba i-S & P iphakame ngamaphesenti amane namhlanje, uBob uyazi ukuba imali yakhe yenza into efanayo. Ngokufanayo, ukuba uva i-S & P yawa ama-5 ekhulwini, uyazi ukuba imali yakhe yenza okufanayo. UBob uyazi kwakhona ukuba intlawulo yakhe yinkcitho encinci, kwaye ayiyi kuyenza i-dent enkulu ekubuyeni kwayo.
(UBob uyazi ukuba kuya kuba neyantlukwano encinane phakathi kwengxowa-mali yakhe kunye ne-S & P 500 kuba kulandeleka-okungeke kwenzeke ukulandelela into ngokugqibeleleyo.Kodwa u-Bob unokuqiniseka ukuba ezo zintlukwano ezincinci aziyi kubaluleka. iphothifoliyo yakhe ixelisa iS & P.)
Umzekelo weengxowa-mali ezilawulwayo
USheila umbeka imali kwi-fundual fund. Uhlawula i-0.95 yepesenti yolawulo.
Ikhredithi yeSheila elawulwa ngokuzimeleyo ithenga kwaye ithengisa zonke iintlobo zeempahla - iimpahla zebhanki, amasheya ezakhiwo, izitokisi zamandla, izitokisi zokuthengisa. Abaphathi bamashishini abafundela iikhwama kunye neenkampani kunye nokuthengwa nokuthengiswa ngokusekelwe kwizibikezelo zabo zezo nkampani.
U-Sheila uyazi ukuba uhlawula ipesenti ezi-1 kulabo baphathi bezezikhwama, okubaluleke kakhulu kunokuba uBob uhlawula. Uyazi kwakhona ukuba ingxowa yakhe ayiyi kulandelwa i-S & P 500. Xa i-anchor yeendaba ivakalisa ukuba i-S & P 500 iphakame iipesenti ezi-2 namhlanje, uSheila akakwazi ukufumana nayiphi na isigqibo malunga nemali yakhe. Ingxowa yakhe ingasuka okanye yawa.
USheila uyayithanda le ngxowa-mali kuba ephethe iphupha lokushaya isalathisi. UBob unamathele kwisalathisi; Inkqubela yakhe yekhredithi ihlangene nayo. U-Sheila, nangona kunjalo, unelungelo "lokugqithisa," okanye wenza okungcono kunoko, isalathisi.