15/50 Umthetho weSitoreji usiza abatyali-mali ukuba bahlalutye phakathi koMngcipheko kunye noMvuzo
Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuba umtyalo-mali oqhelekileyo alinganise umngcipheko ngokubhekiselele kumvuzo ongenako?
Kwiminyaka, abacebisi bezemali baphendula bathi, "Yiba nexesha lakho kwiibhanki."
I-Age yakho kwiBond (i-OYAIB) ithi ipesenteji yeebhonksi kwi-portfolio yakho kufuneka ilingana nobudala bakho. Ukuba uneminyaka engama-25, ipesenti ezingama-25 kuphela zemali yakho kufuneka ziboshwe. Ukuba uneminyaka engama-60, iipesenti ezingama-60 zeempahla zakho kufuneka ziboshwe. I-OYAIB isekelwe kwingcamango yokuba njengoko sisondela ngakumbi kumhlalaphantsi, sifuna ukubuyisela indawo yokukhula kunye nomngcipheko wee-stocks kunye nokuqikelelwa kokubaluleka kwezibhonkco eziphezulu.
Ukunikezelwa kutshintsho kwi-landscape yotyalo-mali, ndiyakholelwa ukuba lixesha lesikhokelo esitsha sokutshintsha i-OYAIB.
I-OYAIB iye yanceda kakhulu namhlanje ngeenguqu ephawulekayo ezenzeka kwiimarike ezimanyeneyo. Njengoko ixabiso lentengo liwa, iibhondi zikhuphuka. Namhlanje, emva kweminyaka emithathu yokunyuka komgangatho, inzala yenzalo sele iqalile ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza ephakamileyo ukusuka kwimizuzu yonke. Inzala yemithwalo yenzalo inzima kakhulu ukuxela kwangaphambili, kodwa sinokuba seminyaka engama-20 okanye engama-30 yokunyuka kwezinga lentlawulo. Oko kuthetha ukuba i-8 yeepesenti yokubuya ngonyaka iibhonksi ziye zaqala ukususela ngowe-1976 zazingenakwenzeka.
Yaye khawucinge ngexesha elide lokuphila. Akuqhelekanga namhlanje ukuba umntu aphume umhlala phantsi iminyaka engama-25 okanye engama-30. Ukuhlawula loo minyaka kuya kufuna ukuba uthathe umngcipheko omkhulu kumhlalaphantsi kunokuba abazali bakho. Oko kuthetha ukufumana amasheya angaphezulu, anika ithuba lokukhula kunye nokunyaniseka okuphezulu.
Ukuba ubuncinane ubunzima bokunyamezela, khumbula i-OYAIB kwaye uphumelele oko ndibiza ngokuba yi-15/50 Stock Rule.
Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwe-15 emhlabeni, iphothifoliyo yakho kufuneka ibe nama-50 ekhulwini, kunye ne-balance balance in bonds and cash. Le ndlela ikunceda ugcine umlinganiselo phakathi komngcipheko kunye nomvuzo.
Oku akunjalo ingcamango entsha. Iingcamango ze-50/50 zepotfolio ziye zadlulayo iminyaka emashumi.
UProfesa uGraham Graham, owayengumcebisi weWarren Buffet, waluxhasa le ngqiqo, njengokuba ngumsunguli weVanguard uJohn Bogle.
Izitokethi kwipotfoliyo yakho ye-15/50 ingaba ngabahlawuli-ntlawulo-mali (ukhetho lwam) okanye iindawo zokukhula. Jonga ulwabiwo lwakho ngokusondeleyo kwaye unikezelwe kwakhona njengoko kuyimfuneko ukukhusela amasheya ekungcoleni ngaphaya kwamanqaku e-50 ekhulwini. Njengoko uBenjamin Graham wachaza ukuba, "Xa utshintsho kwizinga leemarike liye laphakamisa inxalenye yesigxina, uthe, iipesenti ezingama-55 ibhalansi iya kubuyiselwa ngokuthengiswa kwesinye kwishumi elinanye kwisitotfoliyo samasheya kunye nokutshintshwa kwemali kwiimbopheleleko. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuwa kwi-stock-equity share to 45 percent kuyobiza ukuba kusetyenziswe enye yeshumi elinanye yesigqeba sokubophezela ukuthenga amanani angaphezulu. "
Iphothifoliyo ye-Stock Rule ye-15/50 idinga ukunyamezela komngcipheko ongaphezu kwesinye esekelwe kwi-OYAIB, ngakumbi xa uneminyaka engama-70. Kodwa ngenxa yezizathu endizichazile, ndiyakholwa yinto yefilosofi enika ibhalansi engcono kakhulu kumngcipheko ngoku kunye neminyaka ezayo.