Indlela i-Mutual Funds kunye ne-ETF ezahlukileyo ngayo
Ukufana kweMual Funds kunye ne-ETF
Abanini-zimali abaninzi abafuna ukufunda ngemali yokuthengisa-ntengiso (ETFs), zama ukufumana ulwazi malunga nendlela abahluke ngayo ngayo imali.
Kodwa ngaphambi kokuhamba ngaphaya kweentlukwano phakathi kwezi zibini, kukho ngokwenene ukufana okubalulekileyo okubalulekile ukuyazi.
Nantsi indlela iimali zokubambisana kunye ne-ETF zifana ngayo:
- Zizotyalo-mali ezihlukeneyo: zombini iimali kunye kunye ne-ETFs zinika abatyali-mali ukuba bathenge ibhaskithi yee-securities kwisigxina esisodwa seleko-mali. Bobabini basondla ngokutsha kwiinjongo ezikhankanywe okanye ezichaziweyo, ezifana nokukhula, ixabiso okanye ingeniso, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo baya kutyalomali kwinqanaba elithile leempahla okanye iibhonkethi, ezifana nezitokhwe ezinkulu, iintengiso zangaphandle, okanye izibophelelo zexesha eliphakathi.
- Uninzi lwe-ETF lusebenza njengeengxelo ezixhaswa ngemali: Iintlobo ezininzi ze-ETF zilawulwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ezenza zibe zifana kakhulu neenkcukacha zengxowa-mali. Ngaloo ndlela, inkokhelo yesibini kunye ne-ETF iya kubonakalisa ukusebenza kwe-index engundoqo, njenge-S & P 500; Bobabini banomlinganiselo ophantsi kakhulu weendleko xa kuthelekiswa neengxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngamandla; kwaye bobabini bangabakho iintlobo zentengo yotyalo-mali kunye nokwakha iipotfoliyo.
Ngenxa yokufana kwazo, iimali kunye kunye ne-ETF zisetyenzisiwe ngabatyalali ngeenjongo ezifanayo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthengisa ngaphandle kweemali kunye kunye ne-ETF, kubalulekile ukwazi ukungafani phakathi kwezi zibini.
Ulwahlulo phakathi kweMual Funds kunye ne-ETFs
Kukho ulwahlulo oluninzi phakathi kweemali ezibalulekileyo ezibalulekileyo ukuba wazi ngaphambi kokukhetha enye phezu kwelinye isicwangciso-mali okanye injongo ethile.
Iimali zokubambisana zineenzuzo ezithile kwi-ETF ngelixa ii-ETF zizakhono zokutyalombela imali kwiinjongo ezithile. Ezinye iintlukwano zibalulekile xa ezinye zifihlakeleyo.
Nantsi isishwankathelo esiphuthumayo sohlukwano phakathi kweemali zentsebenziswano kunye ne-ETF, zilandelwa ngcaciso engaphezulu:
- Iimali zentengiso ye-Mutual ekupheleni kosuku, ngelixa ii-ETF zithengisa ngemini.
- Amakhomishini e-Stock angenziwa nge-ETF kodwa kungekhona ngeemali ezihlangeneyo.
- Ii-ETFs zihlala zinexabiso eliphantsi kweendleko kuneengxowa-mali.
Ukwahlula okuphambili phakathi kweemali kunye kunye ne-ETF yindlela abahweba ngayo (indlela abatyali abangathengayo kunye nokuthengisa amasheya). Ithetha ntoni le nto? Ngokomzekelo, masithi ufuna ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa i-fund. Ixabiso ekuthengayo okanye ekuthengiseniyo alilona xabiso; Ixabiso le-Asset Net, okanye i-NAV , yee-securities eziphantsi; kwaye uya kurhweba kwi-NAV yengxowa-mali ekupheleni komhla wokurhweba. Ngoko ke, ukuba amaxabiso esitokisi aphakama okanye awele ngexesha lemini, awukwazi ukulawula ixesha lokusebenza kwezorhwebo. Ukuba bhetele okanye ngakumbi, ufumana oko ufumene ekupheleni kosuku kunye nemali.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ii-ETF zithengisa ngemini. Oku kunokuba luncedo ukuba unako ukuxhamla ukunyuka kwexabiso elenzekayo emini. Igama eliphambili apha yi- IF . Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ukholwa ukuba imarike iyahamba ephakamileyo emini kwaye ufuna ukuwasebenzisa ngokunjalo loo mkhwa, ungathenga i-ETF ekuqaleni kwosuku lokurhweba kwaye ubambe ukunyakaza.
Ngezinye iintsuku iimakethe zingaphuma phezulu okanye ezantsi ngaphaya kwe-1.00% okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kubonisa umngcipheko kunye nethuba, kuxhomekeke ekuchanekeni kwakho ekuqikeleleni ukuhamba.
Ingxenye yendlela efanelekileyo yokuhweba ye-ETF yinto ebizwa ngokuba "isasazeka," okonahluko phakathi kwe- bid kunye nokucela intengo yokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo, ukubeka ngokulula, enkulu ingozi apha ikhona ne-ETFs ezingenakwenziwa ngokubanzi, apho ukusasazeka kunokubanzi kwaye kungabonakali kubafaki-zimali ngabanye. Ngako-ke jonga i-ETF ye-ETFs, efana ne-SPDR S & P 500 (SPY) okanye i-iShares Core S & P 500 Index (IVV) kwaye uqaphele iinkalo ze-niche ezifana neengxowa-mali zecandelo elincinciweyo kunye nezimali zelizwe.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-ETFs lunxulumene nesimo sabo sokurhweba esitokisini kukukwazi ukubeka i- stock orders , oku kunokukunceda ukunqoba ezinye zeendlela zokuziphatha nezingozi zokuthengisa kwansuku.
Ngokomzekelo, kunye nomyalelo wokukhawulela, umtyalomali unokukhetha ixabiso apho urhwebo lwenziwa khona. Ngomyalelo wokuyeka, umtyalomali unokukhetha ixabiso elingaphantsi kwexabiso langoku kwaye ukhusele ukulahlekelwa phantsi kwexabiso elikhethiweyo. Abatyalomali abanalo olu hlobo lolawulo oluguquguqukayo kunye neengxowa-mali.
Ii-ETFs ziba neentlawulo eziphantsi kweendleko kunezona zininzi zemali kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zingaphaya iindleko ezingaphantsi kuneenkcazo zemali. Oku kunokwenziwa kwinqanaba lokubonelela ngenqaku elincinci kwimbuyekezo kwi-index ye-investor. Nangona kunjalo i-ETF ingaba neendleko zokuthengisa eziphezulu. Umzekelo, masithi unayo i-akhawunti ye-brokerage kwi- Vanguard Investments . Ukuba ufuna ukurhweba iShares ETF, unokuhlawula umrhumo wokurhweba we-$ 7.00, ngelixa i-Vanguard inkcazo yeengxowa-mali ezilandelelanayo i-index ingenakho imali yokuthenga okanye ikhomishini.
Ngaba kufuneka usebenzisa ii-Index Fund, ii-ETF okanye zombini?
Inkcazo yemali ngempikiswano ye-ETF ayikho / okanye umbuzo. Abatyalomali banobulumko ukuqwalasela zombini. Imirhumo kunye neendleko ziintshaba ze-investor index. Ngoko ke okokuqala ukuqwalasela xa ukhetha phakathi kwezi zibini ixabiso leendleko. Okwesibini, kunokuthi kubekho iintlobo zokutshala imali enye ingxowa-mali inokuba nethuba ngaphezu komnye. Umzekelo, umnini-zimali ofuna ukuthenga isalathisi esivakalisa ngokukhawuleza ukunyuka kwentengo yegolide, uya kufezekisa iinjongo ezingcono ngokusebenzisa i-ETF ebizwa ngokuba yi-SPDR Gold Shares (GLD).
Nangona ukusebenza kwangaphambili akukho isiqinisekiso semiphumo yesikhathi esizayo, ukubuyiswa kwembali kungabonakalisa inkcazo yengxowa okanye i-ETF yokukwazi ukulandelelanisa i-index yangaphakathi kwaye ke unike umnini-zimali ithuba lokubuyela kwixesha elizayo. Umzekelo umzekelo weengxowa-mali, i-Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Inv (i-VBMFX) sele iphumelele imbali yeShares Core I-Index ye-Bond Market Index ye-ETF (AGG), nangona i-VBMFX inexabiso lentengo ye-0.20% kunye ne-AGG yi-0.08% kwaye zombini ilandelele enye inkcazelo , i- Barclay's Aggregate Bond Index . Ngamazwi ahlukeneyo AGG ukusebenza kuye kwadlula phambili ngaphantsi kwesalathisi ngaphezu kweVBMFX.
Ekugqibeleni, ukwakha iipotifoliyo ezahlukahlukeneyo, iimali kunye kunye ne-ETF ziyakuncedisa okanye omnye nomnye. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abatyalo-mali bathanda ukusebenzisa ii-ETF kwiimali zecandelo kunye neengxowa-mali ezizimeleyo zokukhetha ngokufanelekileyo. Ngayiphi na indlela ugqiba ngayo, qiniseka ukuba umxube uyahluka kwaye ufanelekile ukunyamezela kwakho kunye neenjongo zotyalo-mali.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.